Home LiteratureArticle Details
PMID: 8394693 Published · ppublish English Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Retinoic acid receptor gamma 2 gene expression is up-regulated by retinoic acid in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes.

The Biochemical journal ·Vol. 293 ( Pt 3) ·1993-08-01 ·Pages 807-12

Kamei Y, Kawada T, Kazuki R, Sugimoto E

Abstract

Retinoids, especially all-trans retinoic acid (RA), have been shown to inhibit the differentiation of preadipose cells. In the present study, the expression of retinoic acid receptors (RAR alpha, beta and gamma) and retinoid X receptors (RXR alpha, beta and gamma) was examined by Northern blot analysis in rat adipose tissue and mouse 3T3-L1 adipose cells. The adipose tissue and/or 3T3-L1 cells expressed mRNAs for a number of nuclear retinoid receptors, including RAR alpha, beta and gamma, and RXR alpha, beta and gamma. RAR alpha, RAR gamma, RXR alpha and RXR beta mRNAs were abundant in adipose tissue and 3T3-L1 cells. RXR gamma mRNA was detected in adipose tissue but not in 3T3-L1 cells. Treatment of 3T3-L1 cells with 1 microM RA led to a 4-5-fold increase in the RAR gamma mRNA level, but only a trace amount of RAR beta mRNA was detected. RAR gamma mRNA expression was rapidly (within 2 h) induced by physiological concentrations of RA in a dose-dependent manner. The response of RAR gamma mRNA expression to RA was reversible; rapid disappearance of RAR gamma mRNA occurred on RA removal. In addition, the induction of RAR gamma expression did not require de novo protein synthesis, but was completely abolished by an inhibitor of RNA synthesis. Using RAR gamma 1 and gamma 2 isoform-specific probes, the patterns of RAR gamma 1 and gamma 2 mRNA expression in 3T3-L1 cells in the presence and absence of RA were examined. RAR gamma 1 mRNA was detected in 3T3-L1 cells but was not affected by RA treatment; however, RAR gamma 2 mRNA was strongly induced by RA.

Related Genes
RAR RXR
MeSH Terms
3T3 Cells Adipose Tissue/cytology,metabolism Animals Base Sequence Carrier Proteins/drug effects,genetics,metabolism Gene Expression Regulation Mice Molecular Sequence Data Oligodeoxyribonucleotides RNA, Messenger/metabolism Rats Receptors, Cell Surface/genetics,metabolism Receptors, Retinoic Acid Retinoid X Receptors Transcription Factors Tretinoin/pharmacology Up-Regulation
Chemicals
Carrier Proteins Oligodeoxyribonucleotides RNA, Messenger Receptors, Cell Surface Receptors, Retinoic Acid Retinoid X Receptors Transcription Factors Tretinoin
Authors & Affiliations
4 authors, click to expand affiliations / ORCID
Kamei Y
Laboratory of Nutritional Chemistry, Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Japan.
Kawada T
Kazuki R
Sugimoto E
References (53)
53 references, click to expand
  1. Mouse retinoic acid receptor alpha 2 isoform is transcribed from a promoter that contains a retinoic acid response element.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1991 Nov 15;88(22):10138-42 PMID: 1658797
  2. A retinoic acid-responsive element in the apolipoprotein AI gene distinguishes between two different retinoic acid response pathways.
    Mol Cell Biol. 1991 Jul;11(7):3814-20 PMID: 1646397
  3. 9-cis retinoic acid is a high affinity ligand for the retinoid X receptor.
    Cell. 1992 Jan 24;68(2):397-406 PMID: 1310260
  4. Complete nucleotide sequence of mouse 18 S rRNA gene: comparison with other available homologs.
    FEBS Lett. 1984 Feb 27;167(2):263-8 PMID: 6365592
  5. Murine isoforms of retinoic acid receptor gamma with specific patterns of expression.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Apr;87(7):2700-4 PMID: 2157210
  6. Purification, cloning, and RXR identity of the HeLa cell factor with which RAR or TR heterodimerizes to bind target sequences efficiently.
    Cell. 1992 Jan 24;68(2):377-95 PMID: 1310259
  7. Characterization of three RXR genes that mediate the action of 9-cis retinoic acid.
    Genes Dev. 1992 Mar;6(3):329-44 PMID: 1312497
  8. Structural and functional analysis of the rat malic enzyme gene promoter.
    Mol Cell Biol. 1988 Aug;8(8):3542-5 PMID: 3211151
  9. Lipoprotein lipase enzyme expression in 3T3-L1 adipocytes is posttranscriptionally down-regulated by retinoic acid.
    Biochem Int. 1992 Apr;26(5):923-34 PMID: 1610391
  10. Development of hormone receptors and hormonal responsiveness in vitro. Insulin receptors and insulin sensitivity in the preadipocyte and adipocyte forms of 3T3-L1 cells.
    J Biol Chem. 1978 Oct 25;253(20):7570-8 PMID: 81205
  11. Retinoic acid-induced expression of tissue transglutaminase in human promyelocytic leukemia (HL-60) cells.
    J Biol Chem. 1985 Apr 25;260(8):5166-74 PMID: 2859286
  12. Cyclic AMP analogs and retinoic acid influence the expression of retinoic acid receptor alpha, beta, and gamma mRNAs in F9 teratocarcinoma cells.
    Mol Cell Biol. 1990 Jan;10(1):391-6 PMID: 2152965
  13. RAR gamma 2 expression is regulated through a retinoic acid response element embedded in Sp1 sites.
    Mol Cell Biol. 1992 Jul;12(7):2976-85 PMID: 1320193
  14. Differentially expressed isoforms of the mouse retinoic acid receptor beta generated by usage of two promoters and alternative splicing.
    EMBO J. 1991 Jan;10(1):71-81 PMID: 1846599
  15. Differential expression of the alpha and beta retinoic acid receptors in tissues of the rat.
    Biochem J. 1989 May 1;259(3):917-9 PMID: 2543375
  16. Characterization of an autoregulated response element in the mouse retinoic acid receptor type beta gene.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Jul;87(14):5392-6 PMID: 2164682
  17. Adipsin gene expression in 3T3-F442A adipocytes is posttranscriptionally down-regulated by retinoic acid.
    J Biol Chem. 1991 Jan 15;266(2):1157-61 PMID: 1985940
  18. Effect of retinoids on nuclear retinoic acid receptors mRNA in adipose tissue of retinol-deficient rats.
    J Lipid Res. 1992 Mar;33(3):381-4 PMID: 1314880
  19. Retinoid X receptor-COUP-TF interactions modulate retinoic acid signaling.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1992 Feb 15;89(4):1448-52 PMID: 1311101
  20. Retinoic acid, dibutyryl-cAMP, and differentiation affect the expression of retinoic acid receptors in F9 cells.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Jun;87(12):4804-8 PMID: 2162058
  21. A direct repeat in the cellular retinol-binding protein type II gene confers differential regulation by RXR and RAR.
    Cell. 1991 Aug 9;66(3):555-61 PMID: 1651173
  22. Retinoid X receptor is an auxiliary protein for thyroid hormone and retinoic acid receptors.
    Nature. 1992 Jan 30;355(6359):441-6 PMID: 1310350
  23. Retinoic acid receptor gene expression in human skin.
    J Invest Dermatol. 1991 Apr;96(4):425-33 PMID: 1848877
  24. Nuclear receptors enhance our understanding of transcription regulation.
    Trends Genet. 1988 Nov;4(11):309-14 PMID: 2853466
  25. Nuclear receptor that identifies a novel retinoic acid response pathway.
    Nature. 1990 May 17;345(6272):224-9 PMID: 2159111
  26. H-2RIIBP (RXR beta) heterodimerization provides a mechanism for combinatorial diversity in the regulation of retinoic acid and thyroid hormone responsive genes.
    EMBO J. 1992 Apr;11(4):1419-35 PMID: 1314168
  27. Thyroid hormone and dietary carbohydrate interact to regulate rat liver S14 gene transcription and chromatin structure.
    J Biol Chem. 1990 Feb 25;265(6):3474-8 PMID: 2303455
  28. A retinoic acid receptor-specific element controls the retinoic acid receptor-beta promoter.
    Mol Endocrinol. 1990 Nov;4(11):1727-36 PMID: 2177841
  29. Expression of rat intestinal fatty acid-binding protein in Escherichia coli. Purification and comparison of ligand binding characteristics with that of Escherichia coli-derived rat liver fatty acid-binding protein.
    J Biol Chem. 1987 Apr 25;262(12):5931-7 PMID: 3553183
  30. THE BIOLOGICAL FUNCTION OF VITAMIN A ACID.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1960 May;46(5):587-608 PMID: 16590647
  31. Identification of a retinoic acid responsive element in the retinoic acid receptor beta gene.
    Nature. 1990 Jan 11;343(6254):177-80 PMID: 2153268
  32. Identification of a second human retinoic acid receptor.
    Nature. 1988 Apr 28;332(6167):850-3 PMID: 2833708
  33. Cloning of murine alpha and beta retinoic acid receptors and a novel receptor gamma predominantly expressed in skin.
    Nature. 1989 Jun 29;339(6227):714-7 PMID: 2544807
  34. Intracellular actions of vitamin A.
    Int Rev Cytol. 1992;135:1-38 PMID: 1618605
  35. Retinoid X receptor interacts with nuclear receptors in retinoic acid, thyroid hormone and vitamin D3 signalling.
    Nature. 1992 Jan 30;355(6359):446-9 PMID: 1310351
  36. The molecular basis for inhibition of adipose conversion of murine 3T3-L1 cells by retinoic acid.
    Differentiation. 1990 Nov;45(2):119-27 PMID: 1982997
  37. Retinoids and retinoid-binding protein expression in rat adipocytes.
    J Biol Chem. 1992 Jan 25;267(3):1805-10 PMID: 1370481
  38. Comparative investigation of vitamins and their analogues on terminal differentiation, from preadipocytes to adipocytes, of 3T3-L1 cells.
    Comp Biochem Physiol A Comp Physiol. 1990;96(2):323-6 PMID: 1976474
  39. A human retinoic acid receptor which belongs to the family of nuclear receptors.
    Nature. 1987 Dec 3-9;330(6147):444-50 PMID: 2825025
  40. Cell-specificity of the chicken ovalbumin and conalbumin promoters.
    EMBO J. 1987 Aug;6(8):2305-12 PMID: 3665876
  41. RXR beta: a coregulator that enhances binding of retinoic acid, thyroid hormone, and vitamin D receptors to their cognate response elements.
    Cell. 1991 Dec 20;67(6):1251-66 PMID: 1662118
  42. Multiple isoforms of the mouse retinoic acid receptor alpha are generated by alternative splicing and differential induction by retinoic acid.
    EMBO J. 1991 Jan;10(1):59-69 PMID: 1846598
  43. RXR alpha, a promiscuous partner of retinoic acid and thyroid hormone receptors.
    EMBO J. 1992 Apr;11(4):1409-18 PMID: 1314167
  44. Clara cell 10 kDa protein (CC10): comparison of structure and function to uteroglobin.
    Biochim Biophys Acta. 1990 Jul 6;1039(3):348-55 PMID: 2378892
  45. Differential expression and ligand regulation of the retinoic acid receptor alpha and beta genes.
    EMBO J. 1989 Feb;8(2):429-33 PMID: 2542014
  46. Expression of nuclear retinoic acid receptors in rat adipose tissue.
    Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1991 May 15;176(3):1539-44 PMID: 1710118
  47. 9-cis retinoic acid stereoisomer binds and activates the nuclear receptor RXR alpha.
    Nature. 1992 Jan 23;355(6358):359-61 PMID: 1309942
  48. H-2RIIBP, a member of the nuclear hormone receptor superfamily that binds to both the regulatory element of major histocompatibility class I genes and the estrogen response element.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Nov;86(21):8289-93 PMID: 2554307
  49. The complete nucleotide sequence of mouse 28S rRNA gene. Implications for the process of size increase of the large subunit rRNA in higher eukaryotes.
    Nucleic Acids Res. 1984 Apr 25;12(8):3563-83 PMID: 6328426
  50. Identification of a receptor for the morphogen retinoic acid.
    Nature. 1987 Dec 17-23;330(6149):624-9 PMID: 2825036
  51. Effect of retinoid status on alpha, beta and gamma retinoic acid receptor mRNA levels in various rat tissues.
    Biochem J. 1992 Sep 15;286 ( Pt 3):755-60 PMID: 1329717
  52. Establishment of preadipocyte clonal line from epididymal fat pad of ob/ob mouse that responds to insulin and to lipolytic hormones.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1978 Dec;75(12):6054-8 PMID: 216011
  53. Differentiation-dependent expression of retinoid-binding proteins in BFC-1 beta adipocytes.
    J Biol Chem. 1992 Jul 15;267(20):13884-9 PMID: 1629187
Article Info
Journal
The Biochemical journal
Abbr.
Biochem J
ISSN
0264-6021
DOI
10.1042/bj2930807
Published
1993-08-01
Pages
807-12
Language
English
Region
England
NLM ID
2984726R
PMCID
PMC1134439
Subset
IM
External Links
PubMed source DOI: 10.1042/bj2930807 PMC Full Text View journal details
Analysis Services
Analysis Services

Contact

No. 2 Wenbo Road, Zhangqiu District, Jinan, Shandong

Qilu Normal University · Genelibs Bioinformatics Lab

750 Shunhua Rd, Jinan

2F, Bldg F, University Science Park

Tel: 0531-88819269

WeChat Official Account

Follow our WeChat subscription account for real-time updates and the latest in medical and biological research.


Business Email

E-mail: [email protected]

Copyright © 2026.Genelibs Jinan Honghui Biotechnology Co., Ltd. 鲁ICP备20007159号-2