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PMID: 8506277 Published · ppublish English Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

How clonal are bacteria?

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America ·Vol. 90 ·No. 10 ·1993-05-15 ·Pages 4384-8

Smith JM, Smith NH, O'Rourke M, Spratt BG

Abstract

Data from multilocus enzyme electrophoresis of bacterial populations were analyzed using a statistical test designed to detect associations between genes at different loci. Some species (e.g., Salmonella) were found to be clonal at all levels of analysis. At the other extreme, Neisseria gonorrhoeae is panmictic, with random association between loci. Two intermediate types of population structure were also found. Neisseria meningitidis displays what we have called an "epidemic" structure. There is significant association between loci, but this arises only because of the recent, explosive, increase in particular electrophoretic types; when this effect is eliminated the population is found to be effectively panmictic. In contrast, linkage disequilibrium in a population of Rhizobium meliloti exists because the sample consisted of two genetically isolated divisions, often fixed for different alleles: within each division association between loci was almost random. The method of analysis is appropriate whenever there is doubt about the extent of genetic recombination between members of a population. To illustrate this we analyzed data on protozoan parasites and again found panmictic, epidemic, and clonal population structures.

MeSH Terms
Animals Clone Cells Genes, Bacterial Genes, Protozoan Genetic Linkage Genetics, Population Neisseria gonorrhoeae/enzymology,genetics Neisseria meningitidis/enzymology,genetics Plasmodium falciparum/genetics Recombination, Genetic Rhizobium/enzymology,genetics Salmonella/enzymology,genetics Trypanosoma/genetics
Authors & Affiliations
4 authors, click to expand affiliations / ORCID
Smith J M
School of Biological Sciences, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton, United Kingdom.
Smith N H
O'Rourke M
Spratt B G
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Article Info
Journal
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Abbr.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
ISSN
0027-8424
DOI
10.1073/pnas.90.10.4384
Published
1993-05-15
Pages
4384-8
Language
English
Region
United States
NLM ID
7505876
PMCID
PMC46515
Subset
IM
Corrections
CommentIn
PMID: 8506269
External Links
PubMed source DOI: 10.1073/pnas.90.10.4384 PMC Full Text View journal details
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