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PMID: 8543810 Published · ppublish English Comparative Study Journal Article Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.

Sea urchin genes expressed in activated coelomocytes are identified by expressed sequence tags. Complement homologues and other putative immune response genes suggest immune system homology within the deuterostomes.

Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) ·Vol. 156 ·No. 2 ·1996-01-15 ·Pages 593-602

Smith LC, Chang L, Britten RJ, Davidson EH

Abstract

To identify some of the genes expressed in LPS-activated coelomocytes, we sequenced randomly chosen clones from a directionally constructed cDNA library to produce a set of expressed sequence tags (ESTs). Deduced amino acid sequences from 307 ESTs were compared with known protein sequences in GenBank, and significant matches to approximately 30% of the clones were identified. Eighty-nine clones matched to 55 different proteins, including several putative immune effector proteins. In this work, we show the first identification of an invertebrate homologue of a vertebrate C component. Another EST matches to several short consensus repeats that are characteristic of a variety of proteins, including CR/regulatory proteins and clotting factors. Additional putative immune effector genes include 1) a Kazal-type protease inhibitor that may function to inactivate bacterial proteases, 2) a C-type lectin similar to echinoidin, and 3) a serine protease with similarities to thrombin, elastase, haptoglobin, and plasmin. Other EST categories include 1) cell surface proteins and receptors, 2) proteins involved in signaling systems, 3) lysosomal and secreted proteins, 4) cytoskeletal and cytoskeletal modifying proteins, 5) general cell function proteins, 6) proteins with unknown function, and 7) ESTs without significant matches, 25 with open reading frames. Many of the ESTs identified in this study represent the types of genes expected to be used in lower deuterostome immune functions.

MeSH Terms

Amino Acid Sequence Animal Population Groups/genetics Animals Base Sequence Complement System Proteins/genetics Consensus Sequence DNA, Complementary/genetics Echinodermata/genetics,immunology Evolution, Molecular Fungi/genetics Gene Expression Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental Genes Genes, MHC Class II Lipopolysaccharides/pharmacology Molecular Sequence Data Open Reading Frames Phagocytes/drug effects,metabolism Plants/genetics Proteins/classification,genetics Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid Sea Urchins/cytology,genetics Sequence Alignment Sequence Homology, Amino Acid Species Specificity

Chemicals

DNA, Complementary Lipopolysaccharides Proteins Complement System Proteins

Authors & Affiliations

4 authors, click to expand affiliations / ORCID

Smith L C

Division of Biology, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena 91125, USA.

Chang L

Britten R J

Davidson E H

Article Info

Journal

Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)

Abbr.

J Immunol

ISSN

0022-1767

Published

1996-01-15

Pages

593-602

Language

English

Region

United States

NLM ID

2985117R

Subset

Databases

GENBANK

AF025526, R61894, R61895, R61896, R61897, R61898, R61899, R61900, R61901, R61902, R61903, R61904, R61905, R61906, R61907, R61908, R61909, R61910, R61911, R61912, R61913, R61914, R61915, R61916, R61917, R61918, R61919, R61920, R61921, R61922

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Sea urchin genes expressed in activated coelomocytes are identified by expressed sequence tags. Complement homologues and other putative immune response genes suggest immune system homology within the deuterostomes.

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