Infrared linear dichroism investigations of deoxyribonucleic complexes with histones H2B and H3.

Complexes between DNA and histones H2B and H3 were studies by means of infrared linear dichroism in a wide range of histone to DNA ratios and of different relative humidities. The measurement of the dichroic ratios allows one to determine the secondary structure of DNA in the complexes. It is shown that the progressive addition of histone H2B or H3 to DNA inhibits the structural B leads to A transition and DNA remains in a B-type form at low relative humidity. A new simple method is proposed to evaluate the amount of A or B forms of DNA when both structures are present. It is found that the B leads to A transition is fully inhibited when only one molecule of H2B or H3 histone is bound per about three or four turns of DNA helix, respectively. It is proposed that about four to three turns of DNA helix represent the "critical length of DNA" (minimum "cooperative unit") for the B leads to A transition.