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PMID: 9230079 Published · ppublish English Journal Article Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.

The human Arp2/3 complex is composed of evolutionarily conserved subunits and is localized to cellular regions of dynamic actin filament assembly.

The Journal of cell biology ·Vol. 138 ·No. 2 ·1997-07-28 ·Pages 375-84

Welch MD, DePace AH, Verma S, Iwamatsu A, Mitchison TJ

Abstract

The Arp2/3 protein complex has been implicated in the control of actin polymerization in cells. The human complex consists of seven subunits which include the actin related proteins Arp2 and Arp3, and five others referred to as p41-Arc, p34-Arc, p21-Arc, p20-Arc, and p16-Arc (p omplex). We have determined the predicted amino acid sequence of all seven subunits. Each has homologues in diverse eukaryotes, implying that the structure and function of the complex has been conserved through evolution. Human Arp2 and Arp3 are very similar to family members from other species. p41-Arc is a new member of the Sop2 family of WD (tryptophan and aspartate) repeat-containing proteins and may be posttranslationally modified, suggesting that it may be involved in regulating the activity and/or localization of the complex. p34-Arc, p21-Arc, p20-Arc, and p16-Arc define novel protein families. We sought to evaluate the function of the Arp2/3 complex in cells by determining its intracellular distribution. Arp3, p34-Arc, and p21-Arc were localized to the lamellipodia of stationary and locomoting fibroblasts, as well to Listeria monocytogenes assembled actin tails. They were not detected in cellular bundles of actin filaments. Taken together with the ability of the Arp2/3 complex to induce actin polymerization, these observations suggest that the complex promotes actin assembly in lamellipodia and may participate in lamellipodial protrusion.

MeSH Terms
Actin Cytoskeleton/chemistry Actin-Related Protein 2 Actin-Related Protein 2-3 Complex/analysis,biosynthesis,metabolism Actin-Related Protein 3 Actins/analysis,biosynthesis,metabolism Amino Acid Sequence Animals Carrier Proteins/genetics Cell Movement/physiology Chick Embryo Cytoskeletal Proteins Fibroblasts/chemistry,cytology Humans Listeria monocytogenes/chemistry Microfilament Proteins/analysis,genetics Molecular Sequence Data Pseudopodia/chemistry Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
Chemicals
ACTR2 protein, human ACTR3 protein, human ARPC3 protein, human Actin-Related Protein 2 Actin-Related Protein 2-3 Complex Actin-Related Protein 3 Actins Carrier Proteins Cytoskeletal Proteins Microfilament Proteins
Authors & Affiliations
5 authors, click to expand affiliations / ORCID
Welch M D
Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, California 94143-0450, USA. [email protected]
DePace A H
Verma S
Iwamatsu A
Mitchison T J
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Article Info
Journal
The Journal of cell biology
Abbr.
J Cell Biol
ISSN
0021-9525
DOI
10.1083/jcb.138.2.375
Email
[email protected]
Published
1997-07-28
Pages
375-84
Language
English
Region
United States
NLM ID
0375356
PMCID
PMC2138188
Subset
IM
Grants
NIGMS NIH HHS · GM48027 · United States
Databases
GENBANK
AF006082, AF006083, D12816, M81068, U29609, U29610, U79737, X61502, X71789, X73971, X78486, Y08999, Z46418, Z49565, Z71181
External Links
PubMed source DOI: 10.1083/jcb.138.2.375 PMC Full Text View journal details
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