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PMID: 9826728 Published · ppublish English Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Selective effects of methylphenidate in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: a functional magnetic resonance study.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America ·Vol. 95 ·No. 24 ·1998-11-24 ·Pages 14494-9

Vaidya CJ, Austin G, Kirkorian G, Ridlehuber HW, Desmond JE, Glover GH, Gabrieli JD

Abstract

Functional MRI revealed differences between children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and healthy controls in their frontal-striatal function and its modulation by methylphenidate during response inhibition. Children performed two go/no-go tasks with and without drug. ADHD children had impaired inhibitory control on both tasks. Off-drug frontal-striatal activation during response inhibition differed between ADHD and healthy children: ADHD children had greater frontal activation on one task and reduced striatal activation on the other task. Drug effects differed between ADHD and healthy children: The drug improved response inhibition in both groups on one task and only in ADHD children on the other task. The drug modulated brain activation during response inhibition on only one task: It increased frontal activation to an equal extent in both groups. In contrast, it increased striatal activation in ADHD children but reduced it in healthy children. These results suggest that ADHD is characterized by atypical frontal-striatal function and that methylphenidate affects striatal activation differently in ADHD than in healthy children.

MeSH Terms
Adolescent Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/physiopathology,psychology Brain Mapping Central Nervous System Stimulants/pharmacology Child Frontal Lobe/drug effects,physiology,physiopathology Humans Image Processing, Computer-Assisted Magnetic Resonance Imaging Male Methylphenidate/pharmacology Nuclear Family Psychomotor Performance/drug effects,physiology Reference Values Visual Cortex/drug effects,physiology,physiopathology
Chemicals
Central Nervous System Stimulants Methylphenidate
Authors & Affiliations
7 authors, click to expand affiliations / ORCID
Vaidya C J
Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, [email protected]
Austin G
Kirkorian G
Ridlehuber H W
Desmond J E
Glover G H
Gabrieli J D
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Article Info
Journal
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Abbr.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
ISSN
0027-8424
DOI
10.1073/pnas.95.24.14494
Email
[email protected]
Published
1998-11-24
Pages
14494-9
Language
English
Region
United States
NLM ID
7505876
PMCID
PMC24401
Subset
IM
External Links
PubMed source DOI: 10.1073/pnas.95.24.14494 PMC Full Text View journal details
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