HP (haptoglobin)

Gene Basic Information

Gene Basic Information

symbol
HP
locus group
protein-coding gene
location
16q22.2
gene_family
-
alias symbol
-
alias name
None
entrez id
3240
ensembl gene id
ENSG00000257017
ucsc gene id
uc002fbr.5
refseq accession
NM_005143
hgnc_id
HGNC:5141
approved reserved
2001-06-22

Chromosome Location

Chromosome Location

16q22.2

Gene Summary

Gene Summary

ChineseEnglish

This gene encodes a preproprotein, which is processed to yield both alpha and beta chains, which subsequently combine as a tetramer to produce haptoglobin. Haptoglobin functions to bind free plasma hemoglobin, which allows degradative enzymes to gain access to the hemoglobin, while at the same time preventing loss of iron through the kidneys and protecting the kidneys from damage by hemoglobin. Mutations in this gene and/or its regulatory regions cause ahaptoglobinemia or hypohaptoglobinemia. This gene has also been linked to diabetic nephropathy, the incidence of coronary artery disease in type 1 diabetes, Crohn's disease, inflammatory disease behavior, primary sclerosing cholangitis, susceptibility to idiopathic Parkinson's disease, and a reduced incidence of Plasmodium falciparum malaria. The protein encoded also exhibits antimicrobial activity against bacteria. A similar duplicated gene is located next to this gene on chromosome 16. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2014]

OMIM entry for HP     Wikipedia entry for HP

Gene Sequence

Gene Sequence

Nucleotide sequence of HP:[NCBI]
Loading Gene Browser...

Encoded Protein

Encoded Protein

Protein Sequence
1MSALGAVIAL LLWGQLFAVD SGNDVTDIAD DGCPKPPEIA
41HGYVEHSVRY QCKNYYKLRT EGDGVYTLND KKQWINKAVG
81 DKLPECEAD DGCPKPPEIA HGYVEHSVRY QCKNYYKLRT
121EGDGVYTLNN EKQWINKAVG DKLPECEAVC GKPKNPANPV
161Q RILGGHLD AKGSFPWQAK MVSHHNLTTG ATLINEQWLL
201TTAKNLFLNH SENATAKDIA PTLTLYVGKK QLVEIEKVVL
241HP NYSQVDI GLIKLKQKVS VNERVMPICL PSKDYAEVGR
281VGYVSGWGRN ANFKFTDHLK YVMLPVADQD QCIRHYEGST
321VPE KKTPKS PVGVQPILNE HTFCAGMSKY QEDTCYGDAG
361SAFAVHDLEE DTWYATGILS FDKSCAVAEY GVYVKVTSIQ
401DWVQ KTIAE N
Structure predicted by AlphaFold DB(UniProt: P00738). Color indicates pLDDT confidence (dark blue = high, yellow/orange = low).

Gene Variants

Gene Variants

SNP variants of HP:           Showing partial SNPs
rs5478       rs398580       rs434738       rs437638       rs2854693       rs8056409       rs113234131       rs148393568       rs182011635       rs529024075       rs532966131       rs540664928       rs546049335       rs551664949       rs558046283       rs559342498       rs5466      

Gene Expression

Gene Expression

Tissue expression of HP:    [UniProt]

Gene expression across tissues

Gene Primers

Gene Primers

Forward Primer
Forward Tm
Reverse Primer
Reverse Tm
Score
ACAGAAGGAGATGGAGTATACAC
59
CTTCACATTCAGGAAGTTTATCTCC
60
GTAAGAACTAACCCAGTGCAG
59
GAAACCATCTTAGCCTGCC
59
TGTGAAGCAGTATGTGGGA
59
GAAACCATCTTAGCCTGCC
59
TCACGGATATCGCAGATGAC
60
TTACACTGGTAGCGAACCG
60
ATGGCTATGTGGAGCACTC
60
TAAGGTGTACACTCCATCTCC
59
TCACGGATATCGCAGATGAC
59
TTACACTGGTAGCGAACCG
59
TCACGGATATCGCAGATGAC
60
TTACACTGGTAGCGAACCG
60
CTGAATGTGAAGCAGATGACG
60
TTACACTGGTAGCGAACCG
60
ATGGCTATGTGGAGCACTC
60
TAAGGTGTACACTCCATCTCC
59
CTGAATGTGAAGCAGATGACG
60
TTACACTGGTAGCGAACCG
60

Transcription Factors

Transcription Factors

Transcription Factors
Target Gene
Interaction Type
PubMed References
CEBPB
HP
Unknown
11331273
NR1I2
HP
Unknown
19723538
SMAD4
HP
Unknown
11331273
STAT3
HP
Unknown
17645497

Gene Ontology

Subcellular localization of HP (and its protein):

[UniProt]     [GenomeNet]

" d="M482.414,245.296c3.539,4.293,4.455,10.009,0.202,11 c-4.244,0.996-4.983-10.983-8.293-8.438c-5.271,4.08,9.834,12.271,5.144,17.287c-3.717,3.607-6.172-5.75-10.839-1.976 c-4.673,3.776,6.781,7.299,2.831,11.326c-4.354,4.045-6.979-1.449-9.837-5.517c-1.193-1.742-2.059-3.851-3.595-2.748 c-1.516,1.078-1.854,1.795-0.938,3.666c2.374,4.854,9.235,10.119,5.156,12.535c-5.636,3.346-5.044-8.871-9.426-7.574 c-4.388,1.291,2.557,10.66-1.245,11.141c-4.089,0.545-3.483-10.239-6.979-8.575c-2.522,1.206-0.929,3.071-0.938,4.899 c0.004,1.32-0.964,3.6-2.372,4.062c-3.593,1.171-8.544-1.065-10.251-3.59c-6.04-8.93,0.396-15.997,4.639-7.015 c3.023,4.642,5.182,0.834,2.839-2.219c-1.032-1.354-4.309-5.901-0.781-7.252c2.904-1.113,4.271,1.941,5.985,4.592 c2.61,4.016,5.485,0.117,3.031-3.414c-1.828-2.633-2.74-3.803,3.156-7.42c6.405-4.369,6.52,3.869,10.077,0.646 c2.309-1.832-4.783-5.149,0.06-8.995c2.896-2.293,5.18,6.207,7.961,3.516c3.523-2.737-7.717-7.369,0.117-11.736 C473.413,240.77,480.519,242.891,482.414,245.296z"/> Extracellular space Cytosol Plasma membrane Cytoskeleton Lysosome Endosome Peroxisome ER Golgi Apparatus Nucleus Mitochondrion 0 1 2 3 4 5 Confidence
  • plasma membrane
  • cytoplasm
  • extracellular
  • golgi
  • vesicle
  • cytoskeleton
  • endoplasmic reticulum
  • nucleus
  • endosome
  • lysosome
  • mitochondrion

Gene Ontology (GO) terms for HP:

GO ID
Protein
Source DB
GO:0004252
A0A087WU08 (UniProtKB)
IEA
GO:0006508
A0A087WU08 (UniProtKB)
IEA
GO:0004252
A0A0C4DGL8 (UniProtKB)
IEA
GO:0005576
A0A0C4DGL8 (UniProtKB)
IEA
GO:0006508
A0A0C4DGL8 (UniProtKB)
IEA
GO:0030492
A0A0C4DGL8 (UniProtKB)
IEA
GO:0004252
H0Y300 (UniProtKB)
IEA
GO:0006508
H0Y300 (UniProtKB)
IEA
GO:0004252
H3BS21 (UniProtKB)
IEA
GO:0006508
H3BS21 (UniProtKB)
IEA
GO:0004252
J3QLC9 (UniProtKB)
IEA
GO:0006508
J3QLC9 (UniProtKB)
IEA
GO:0004252
J3QR68 (UniProtKB)
IEA
GO:0006508
J3QR68 (UniProtKB)
IEA
GO:0002376
P00738 (UniProtKB)
IEA
GO:0005515
P00738 (UniProtKB)
IPI
GO:0005515
P00738 (UniProtKB)
IPI
GO:0005576
P00738 (UniProtKB)
NAS
GO:0005576
P00738 (UniProtKB)
TAS
GO:0005576
P00738 (UniProtKB)
TAS
GO:0005576
P00738 (UniProtKB)
TAS
GO:0005615
P00738 (UniProtKB)
IDA
GO:0005615
P00738 (UniProtKB)
IDA
GO:0005615
P00738 (UniProtKB)
IDA
GO:0005615
P00738 (UniProtKB)
IDA
GO:0006898
P00738 (UniProtKB)
TAS
GO:0006952
P00738 (UniProtKB)
TAS
GO:0006953
P00738 (UniProtKB)
IEA
GO:0010942
P00738 (UniProtKB)
IDA
GO:0016209
P00738 (UniProtKB)
IEA
GO:0030492
P00738 (UniProtKB)
IDA
GO:0031838
P00738 (UniProtKB)
IDA
GO:0042542
P00738 (UniProtKB)
IDA
GO:0042742
P00738 (UniProtKB)
IEA
GO:0051354
P00738 (UniProtKB)
IDA
GO:0070062
P00738 (UniProtKB)
IDA
GO:0070062
P00738 (UniProtKB)
IDA
GO:0070062
P00738 (UniProtKB)
IDA
GO:0071682
P00738 (UniProtKB)
TAS
GO:0072562
P00738 (UniProtKB)
IDA
GO:0098869
P00738 (UniProtKB)
IEA
GO:2000296
P00738 (UniProtKB)
IDA

Gene Interactions

Gene Interactions

String
BioGrid
IntAct
mentha
MINT
Reactome
Loading…
Interacting Gene Interaction Source/Score

Gene Pathways

Gene Pathways

Related Diseases

Related Diseases

Disease Score NofPmids NofSnps Source
Disease Score NofPmids NofSnps Source
ANHAPTOGLOBINEMIA 0.240542884 3 1 BeFree_CLINVAR_UNIPROT
Cardiovascular Diseases 0.136340051 27 0 BeFree_CTD_human_GAD_LHGDN
Myocardial Infarction 0.133907006 11 0 BeFree_CTD_human_GAD_LHGDN
Diabetes Mellitus, Insulin-Dependent 0.13272543 14 0 BeFree_CTD_human_GAD
Diabetes Mellitus, Non-Insulin-Dependent 0.132258492 21 0 BeFree_CTD_human_GAD
Hypertensive disease 0.129629949 10 0 BeFree_CTD_human_GAD_LHGDN
Malaria 0.129348576 19 0 BeFree_CTD_human_GAD
Anemia, Sickle Cell 0.126091273 6 0 BeFree_CTD_human_GAD
Mammary Neoplasms 0.125720142 4 0 BeFree_CTD_human_LHGDN
Schizophrenia 0.12554839 5 0 BeFree_CTD_human_GAD

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HP(O)Ph2‑Mediated Hydrodefluorination of Polyfluoro(hetero)arenes.
Huang XY, Mao XX, Dai C, Gu MY, Ge D, Shen ZL, Guo K, Li CJ, Chu XQ JACS Au 2026-03-23
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