Home LiteratureArticle Details
PMID: 11449056 Published · ppublish English Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.

Overexpression of the heterotrimeric G-protein alpha-subunit enhances phytochrome-mediated inhibition of hypocotyl elongation in Arabidopsis.

The Plant cell ·Vol. 13 ·No. 7 ·2001-07-00 ·Pages 1639-52

Okamoto H, Matsui M, Deng XW

Abstract

Plant heterotrimeric G-proteins have been implicated in a number of signaling processes. However, most of these studies are based on biochemical or pharmacological approaches. To examine the role of heterotrimeric G-proteins in plant development, we generated transgenic Arabidopsis expressing the Galpha subunit of the heterotrimeric G-protein under the control of a glucocorticoid-inducible promoter. With the conditional overexpression of either the wild type or a constitutively active version of Arabidopsis Galpha, transgenic seedlings exhibited a hypersensitive response to light. This enhanced light sensitivity was more exaggerated in a relatively lower intensity of light and was observed in white light as well as far-red, red, and blue light conditions. The enhanced responses in far-red and red light required functional phytochrome A and phytochrome B, respectively. Furthermore, the response to far-red light depended on functional FHY1 but not on FIN219 and FHY3. This dependence on FHY1 indicates that the Arabidopsis Galpha protein may act only on a discrete branch of the phytochrome A signaling pathway. Thus, our results support the involvement of a heterotrimeric G-protein in the light regulation of Arabidopsis seedling development.

MeSH Terms
Arabidopsis/embryology,genetics,physiology Arabidopsis Proteins Cell Differentiation Cell Division GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits Gene Expression Regulation, Plant Heterotrimeric GTP-Binding Proteins/genetics,physiology Hypocotyl/growth & development,radiation effects Light Phenotype Phytochrome/physiology Plant Proteins Plants, Genetically Modified Promoter Regions, Genetic RNA, Plant Receptors, Glucocorticoid/biosynthesis,metabolism Signal Transduction Transgenes
Chemicals
Arabidopsis Proteins GPA1 protein, Arabidopsis GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits Plant Proteins RNA, Plant Receptors, Glucocorticoid Phytochrome Heterotrimeric GTP-Binding Proteins
Authors & Affiliations
3 authors, click to expand affiliations / ORCID
Okamoto H
Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, Yale University, 165 Prospect Street, New Haven, CT 06520-8104, USA.
Matsui M
Deng X W
References (51)
51 references, click to expand
  1. Pieces of the true grail: a G protein finds its target.
    Science. 1997 Dec 12;278(5345):1898-9 PMID: 9417637
  2. Activation of a plant plasma membrane Ca2+ channel by TGalpha1, a heterotrimeric G protein alpha-subunit homologue.
    FEBS Lett. 1998 Mar 6;424(1-2):17-21 PMID: 9537507
  3. Molecular cloning and characterization of GPA1, a G protein alpha subunit gene from Arabidopsis thaliana.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 May;87(10):3821-5 PMID: 2111018
  4. Rice dwarf mutant d1, which is defective in the alpha subunit of the heterotrimeric G protein, affects gibberellin signal transduction.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2000 Oct 10;97(21):11638-43 PMID: 11027362
  5. Isolation of cDNAs encoding guanine nucleotide-binding protein beta-subunit homologues from maize (ZGB1) and Arabidopsis (AGB1).
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1994 Sep 27;91(20):9554-8 PMID: 7937804
  6. The many faces of G protein signaling.
    J Biol Chem. 1998 Jan 9;273(2):669-72 PMID: 9422713
  7. G proteins mediate changes in cell shape by stabilizing the axis of polarity.
    Mol Cell. 2000 May;5(5):853-64 PMID: 10882121
  8. Immunolocalization of the G protein alpha subunit encoded by the GPA1 gene in Arabidopsis.
    Plant Cell. 1993 Nov;5(11):1513-28 PMID: 8312737
  9. Novel phytochrome sequences in Arabidopsis thaliana: structure, evolution, and differential expression of a plant regulatory photoreceptor family.
    Genes Dev. 1989 Nov;3(11):1745-57 PMID: 2606345
  10. REP1, a basic helix-loop-helix protein, is required for a branch pathway of phytochrome A signaling in arabidopsis.
    Plant Cell. 2000 Nov;12(11):2061-74 PMID: 11090209
  11. Phytochrome A null mutants of Arabidopsis display a wild-type phenotype in white light.
    Plant Cell. 1993 Jul;5(7):757-68 PMID: 8364355
  12. PKS1, a substrate phosphorylated by phytochrome that modulates light signaling in Arabidopsis.
    Science. 1999 May 28;284(5419):1539-41 PMID: 10348744
  13. fhy1 defines a branch point in phytochrome A signal transduction pathways for gene expression.
    Plant J. 1996 Dec;10(6):1155-61 PMID: 9011096
  14. Cyclic GMP and calcium mediate phytochrome phototransduction.
    Cell. 1994 Apr 8;77(1):73-81 PMID: 8156599
  15. Activation of G-proteins by receptor-stimulated nucleoside diphosphate kinase in Dictyostelium.
    EMBO J. 1993 Jun;12(6):2275-9 PMID: 8389692
  16. Light signal transduction in plants.
    Trends Cell Biol. 1997 Jan;7(1):21-6 PMID: 17708894
  17. Light quality-dependent nuclear import of the plant photoreceptors phytochrome A and B
    Plant Cell. 1999 Aug;11(8):1445-56 PMID: 10449579
  18. A glucocorticoid-inducible transcription system causes severe growth defects in Arabidopsis and induces defense-related genes.
    Plant J. 1999 Oct;20(1):127-33 PMID: 10571872
  19. SPA1, a WD-repeat protein specific to phytochrome A signal transduction.
    Science. 1999 Apr 16;284(5413):496-9 PMID: 10205059
  20. GTP-binding proteins in plants: new members of an old family.
    Plant Mol Biol. 1994 Dec;26(5):1611-36 PMID: 7858207
  21. The RING finger motif of photomorphogenic repressor COP1 specifically interacts with the RING-H2 motif of a novel Arabidopsis protein.
    J Biol Chem. 1999 Sep 24;274(39):27674-81 PMID: 10488108
  22. Direct targeting of light signals to a promoter element-bound transcription factor.
    Science. 2000 May 5;288(5467):859-63 PMID: 10797009
  23. Completing the heterotrimer: isolation and characterization of an Arabidopsis thaliana G protein gamma-subunit cDNA.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2000 Dec 19;97(26):14784-8 PMID: 11121078
  24. Rice gibberellin-insensitive dwarf mutant gene Dwarf 1 encodes the alpha-subunit of GTP-binding protein.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1999 Aug 31;96(18):10284-9 PMID: 10468600
  25. PIF3, a phytochrome-interacting factor necessary for normal photoinduced signal transduction, is a novel basic helix-loop-helix protein.
    Cell. 1998 Nov 25;95(5):657-67 PMID: 9845368
  26. Mutations in the gene for the red/far-red light receptor phytochrome B alter cell elongation and physiological responses throughout Arabidopsis development.
    Plant Cell. 1993 Feb;5(2):147-57 PMID: 8453299
  27. fhy3-1 retains inductive responses of phytochrome A.
    Plant Physiol. 2000 May;123(1):235-42 PMID: 10806240
  28. Heterotrimeric G proteins are implicated in gibberellin induction of a-amylase gene expression in wild oat aleurone
    Plant Cell. 1998 Feb;10(2):245-54 PMID: 9490747
  29. Plant heterotrimeric G protein beta subunit is associated with membranes via protein interactions involving coiled-coil formation.
    FEBS Lett. 2000 Jul 7;476(3):208-12 PMID: 10913615
  30. Isolation and Initial Characterization of Arabidopsis Mutants That Are Deficient in Phytochrome A.
    Plant Physiol. 1993 May;102(1):269-277 PMID: 12231818
  31. FIN219, an auxin-regulated gene, defines a link between phytochrome A and the downstream regulator COP1 in light control of Arabidopsis development.
    Genes Dev. 2000 Aug 1;14(15):1958-70 PMID: 10921909
  32. Suppression of the heterotrimeric G protein causes abnormal morphology, including dwarfism, in rice.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1999 Jun 22;96(13):7575-80 PMID: 10377457
  33. hy8, a new class of arabidopsis long hypocotyl mutants deficient in functional phytochrome A.
    Plant Cell. 1993 Jan;5(1):39-48 PMID: 8439743
  34. Cellular basis of hypocotyl growth in Arabidopsis thaliana.
    Plant Physiol. 1997 May;114(1):295-305 PMID: 9159952
  35. G proteins are required for spatial orientation of early cell cleavages in C. elegans embryos.
    Cell. 1996 Aug 23;86(4):619-29 PMID: 8752216
  36. A glucocorticoid-mediated transcriptional induction system in transgenic plants.
    Plant J. 1997 Mar;11(3):605-12 PMID: 9107046
  37. RSF1, an Arabidopsis locus implicated in phytochrome A signaling.
    Plant Physiol. 2000 Sep;124(1):39-45 PMID: 10982420
  38. Analysis of the genome sequence of the flowering plant Arabidopsis thaliana.
    Nature. 2000 Dec 14;408(6814):796-815 PMID: 11130711
  39. The presence of a heterotrimeric G protein and its role in signal transduction of extracellular calmodulin in pollen germination and tube growth
    Plant Cell. 1999 Jul;11(7):1351-64 PMID: 10402434
  40. Photoresponses of Light-Grown phyA Mutants of Arabidopsis (Phytochrome A Is Required for the Perception of Daylength Extensions).
    Plant Physiol. 1994 May;105(1):141-149 PMID: 12232194
  41. PAT1, a new member of the GRAS family, is involved in phytochrome A signal transduction.
    Genes Dev. 2000 May 15;14(10):1269-78 PMID: 10817761
  42. HFR1 encodes an atypical bHLH protein that acts in phytochrome A signal transduction.
    Genes Dev. 2000 Sep 15;14(18):2377-91 PMID: 10995393
  43. Genetic identification of FIN2, a far red light-specific signaling component of Arabidopsis thaliana.
    Plant J. 1998 Nov;16(4):411-9 PMID: 9881161
  44. The G protein alpha subunit (GP alpha1) is associated with the ER and the plasma membrane in meristematic cells of Arabidopsis and cauliflower.
    FEBS Lett. 1997 May 5;407(3):361-7 PMID: 9175885
  45. Functional analysis of yeast-derived phytochrome A and B phycocyanobilin adducts.
    Plant J. 1996 Oct;10(4):625-36 PMID: 8893541
  46. Phytochrome-mediated light signals are transduced to nucleoside diphosphate kinase in Pisum sativum L. cv. Alaska.
    J Photochem Photobiol B. 1998 Sep;45(2-3):113-21 PMID: 9868801
  47. Light-dependent translocation of a phytochrome B-GFP fusion protein to the nucleus in transgenic Arabidopsis.
    J Cell Biol. 1999 May 3;145(3):437-45 PMID: 10225946
  48. The FAR1 locus encodes a novel nuclear protein specific to phytochrome A signaling.
    Genes Dev. 1999 Aug 1;13(15):2017-27 PMID: 10444599
  49. Phytochrome signalling is mediated through nucleoside diphosphate kinase 2.
    Nature. 1999 Oct 7;401(6753):610-3 PMID: 10524631
  50. Calcium/calmodulin-dependent and -independent phytochrome signal transduction pathways.
    Cell. 1993 Jun 4;73(5):937-52 PMID: 8388782
  51. Tracing the ontogeny of stomatal clusters in Arabidopsis with molecular markers.
    Plant J. 1997 Oct;12(4):747-55 PMID: 9375390
Article Info
Journal
The Plant cell
Abbr.
Plant Cell
ISSN
1040-4651
DOI
10.1105/tpc.010008
Published
2001-07-00
Pages
1639-52
Language
English
Region
England
NLM ID
9208688
PMCID
PMC139542
Subset
IM
Grants
NIGMS NIH HHS · R01 GM047850 · United States
NIGMS NIH HHS · R37 GM047850 · United States
NIGMS NIH HHS · GM47850 · United States
External Links
PubMed source DOI: 10.1105/tpc.010008 PMC Full Text View journal details
Analysis Services
Analysis Services

Contact

No. 2 Wenbo Road, Zhangqiu District, Jinan, Shandong

Qilu Normal University · Genelibs Bioinformatics Lab

750 Shunhua Rd, Jinan

2F, Bldg F, University Science Park

Tel: 0531-88819269

WeChat Official Account

Follow our WeChat subscription account for real-time updates and the latest in medical and biological research.


Business Email

E-mail: [email protected]

Copyright © 2026.Genelibs Jinan Honghui Biotechnology Co., Ltd. 鲁ICP备20007159号-2