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PMID: 12857780 Published · ppublish English Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. Review

Production of eicosanoids and other oxylipins by pathogenic eukaryotic microbes.

Clinical microbiology reviews ·Vol. 16 ·No. 3 ·2003-07-00 ·Pages 517-33

Noverr MC, Erb-Downward JR, Huffnagle GB

Abstract

Oxylipins are oxygenated metabolites of fatty acids. Eicosanoids are a subset of oxylipins and include the prostaglandins and leukotrienes, which are potent regulators of host immune responses. Host cells are one source of eicosanoids and oxylipins during infection; however, another potential source of eicosanoids is the pathogen itself. A broad range of pathogenic fungi, protozoa, and helminths produce eicosanoids and other oxylipins by novel synthesis pathways. Why do these organisms produce oxylipins? Accumulating data suggest that phase change and differentiation in these organisms are controlled by oxylipins, including prostaglandins and lipoxygenase products. The precise role of pathogen-derived eicosanoids in pathogenesis remains to be determined, but the potential link between pathogen eicosanoids and the development of TH2 responses in the host is intriguing. Mammalian prostaglandins and leukotrienes have been studied extensively, and these molecules can modulate Th1 versus Th2 immune responses, chemokine production, phagocytosis, lymphocyte proliferation, and leukocyte chemotaxis. Thus, eicosanoids and oxylipins (host or microbe) may be mediators of a direct host-pathogen "cross-talk" that promotes chronic infection and hypersensitivity disease, common features of infection by eukaryotic pathogens.

MeSH Terms
Animals Eicosanoids/biosynthesis Eukaryota/metabolism Fungi/metabolism Helminthiasis/metabolism Helminths/metabolism Mycoses/metabolism Protozoan Infections/metabolism
Chemicals
Eicosanoids
Authors & Affiliations
3 authors, click to expand affiliations / ORCID
Noverr Mairi C
Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-0642, USA.
Erb-Downward John R
Huffnagle Gary B
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Article Info
Journal
Clinical microbiology reviews
Abbr.
Clin Microbiol Rev
ISSN
0893-8512
DOI
10.1128/CMR.16.3.517-533.2003
Published
2003-07-00
Pages
517-33
Language
English
Region
United States
NLM ID
8807282
PMCID
PMC164223
Subset
IM
Grants
NIAID NIH HHS · T32 AI007528 · United States
NHLBI NIH HHS · R01-HL65912 · United States
NIAID NIH HHS · T32AI07528 · United States
NHLBI NIH HHS · R01 HL065912 · United States
NHLBI NIH HHS · R01-HL63670 · United States
External Links
PubMed source DOI: 10.1128/CMR.16.3.517-533.2003 PMC Full Text View journal details
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