Home LiteratureArticle Details
PMID: 1404600 Published · ppublish English Journal Article Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.

Epstein-Barr virus latent membrane protein transactivates the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 long terminal repeat through induction of NF-kappa B activity.

Journal of virology ·Vol. 66 ·No. 11 ·1992-11-00 ·Pages 6496-501

Hammarskjöld ML, Simurda MC

Abstract

The Epstein-Barr virus latent membrane protein (LMP) is an integral membrane protein that is expressed in cells latently infected with the virus. LMP is believed to play an important role in Epstein-Barr virus transformation and has been shown to induce expression of several cellular proteins. We performed a series of experiments that demonstrated that LMP is an efficient transactivator of expression from the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 long terminal repeat (HIV-1 LTR). Mutation or deletion of the NF-kappa B elements in the LTR abolished the transactivation, indicating that the LMP effect on HIV expression was due to induction of NF-kappa B activity. Experiments in which the HIV-1 Tat protein was coexpressed in cells together with LMP showed that Tat was able to potentiate the transactivation. Surprisingly, a synergistic effect of the two proteins was observed even in the absence of the recognized target region for Tat (TAR) in the HIV-1 LTR.

MeSH Terms
Burkitt Lymphoma/genetics Cell Line, Transformed Chromosome Mapping DNA, Viral/genetics Drug Synergism Gene Products, tat/pharmacology HIV Long Terminal Repeat/genetics HIV-1/genetics NF-kappa B/metabolism Regulatory Sequences, Nucleic Acid/genetics Transcriptional Activation/drug effects Viral Matrix Proteins/genetics,pharmacology tat Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus
Chemicals
DNA, Viral Gene Products, tat NF-kappa B Viral Matrix Proteins tat Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus
Authors & Affiliations
2 authors, click to expand affiliations / ORCID
Hammarskjöld M L
Department of Microbiology, State University of New York, Buffalo 14214.
Simurda M C
References (51)
51 references, click to expand
  1. Human immunodeficiency virus induction of malignant transformation in human B lymphocytes.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1991 Sep 1;88(17):7635-9 PMID: 1652756
  2. Subtypes of Epstein-Barr virus in human immunodeficiency virus-associated non-Hodgkin lymphoma.
    Blood. 1991 Dec 1;78(11):3004-11 PMID: 1659471
  3. HIV-associated lymphoma: histopathology and association with Epstein-Barr virus genome related to clinical, immunological and prognostic features.
    Eur J Cancer. 1991;27(11):1416-23 PMID: 1660293
  4. B cell lymphoma-associated chromosomal translocation involves candidate oncogene lyt-10, homologous to NF-kappa B p50.
    Cell. 1991 Dec 20;67(6):1075-87 PMID: 1760839
  5. Regulation of HIV expression: mechanisms of action of Tat and Rev.
    AIDS. 1991;5 Suppl 2:S3-14 PMID: 1845057
  6. Processing of the precursor of NF-kappa B by the HIV-1 protease during acute infection.
    Nature. 1991 Apr 18;350(6319):625-6 PMID: 2017258
  7. TAR independent activation of the human immunodeficiency virus in phorbol ester stimulated T lymphocytes.
    EMBO J. 1990 Dec;9(13):4417-23 PMID: 2124973
  8. Epstein-Barr virus latent membrane protein inhibits human epithelial cell differentiation.
    Nature. 1990 Apr 19;344(6268):777-80 PMID: 2158628
  9. Expression of the types A and B tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptors is independently regulated, and both receptors mediate activation of the transcription factor NF-kappa B. TNF alpha is not needed for induction of a biological effect via TNF receptors.
    J Biol Chem. 1990 Dec 25;265(36):22409-17 PMID: 2176217
  10. Functionally distinct NF-kappa B binding sites in the immunoglobulin kappa and IL-2 receptor alpha chain genes.
    Science. 1989 Apr 28;244(4903):466-9 PMID: 2497520
  11. Characterization of the BNLF-1 oncogene of Epstein-Barr virus.
    Curr Top Microbiol Immunol. 1989;144:233-9 PMID: 2551585
  12. NF-kappa B: a pleiotropic mediator of inducible and tissue-specific gene control.
    Cell. 1989 Jul 28;58(2):227-9 PMID: 2665943
  13. Stimulation of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 enhancer by the human T-cell leukemia virus type I tax gene product involves the action of inducible cellular proteins.
    J Virol. 1989 Apr;63(4):1578-86 PMID: 2784507
  14. Alternative mechanisms for activation of human immunodeficiency virus enhancer in T cells.
    Science. 1988 Mar 11;239(4845):1299-302 PMID: 2830675
  15. Epstein-Barr virus-positive and -negative B-cell lines can be infected with human immunodeficiency virus types 1 and 2.
    J Virol. 1988 Sep;62(9):3497-500 PMID: 2841499
  16. Epstein-Barr virus latent infection membrane protein alters the human B-lymphocyte phenotype: deletion of the amino terminus abolishes activity.
    J Virol. 1988 Nov;62(11):4173-84 PMID: 2845129
  17. Location of the trans-activating region on the genome of human T-cell lymphotropic virus type III.
    Science. 1985 Jul 5;229(4708):74-7 PMID: 2990041
  18. Persistent productive HIV infection in EBV-transformed B lymphocytes.
    J Med Virol. 1989 Jan;27(1):19-24 PMID: 2537875
  19. Human herpes virus-6 increases HIV-1 expression in co-infected T cells via nuclear factors binding to the HIV-1 enhancer.
    EMBO J. 1989 Oct;8(10):3019-27 PMID: 2573513
  20. Tumor necrosis factor alpha activates human immunodeficiency virus type 1 through induction of nuclear factor binding to the NF-kappa B sites in the long terminal repeat.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Aug;86(15):5974-8 PMID: 2762307
  21. Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Pr55gag and Pr160gag-pol expressed from a simian virus 40 late replacement vector are efficiently processed and assembled into viruslike particles.
    J Virol. 1990 Jun;64(6):2743-50 PMID: 1692347
  22. Expression of the BNLF-1 oncogene of Epstein-Barr virus in the skin of transgenic mice induces hyperplasia and aberrant expression of keratin 6.
    Cell. 1990 Jun 29;61(7):1315-27 PMID: 1694724
  23. Transformation by the oncogenic latent membrane protein correlates with its rapid turnover, membrane localization, and cytoskeletal association.
    J Virol. 1991 Jun;65(6):3246-58 PMID: 1827846
  24. AIDS-related lymphoma. Histopathology, immunophenotype, and association with Epstein-Barr virus as demonstrated by in situ nucleic acid hybridization.
    Am J Pathol. 1991 Jan;138(1):149-63 PMID: 1846263
  25. HIV enhancer activity perpetuated by NF-kappa B induction on infection of monocytes.
    Nature. 1991 Apr 25;350(6320):709-12 PMID: 2023633
  26. Epstein-Barr virus latent membrane protein (LMP1) and nuclear proteins 2 and 3C are effectors of phenotypic changes in B lymphocytes: EBNA-2 and LMP1 cooperatively induce CD23.
    J Virol. 1990 May;64(5):2309-18 PMID: 2157887
  27. Activation in vitro of NF-kappa B by phosphorylation of its inhibitor I kappa B.
    Nature. 1990 Apr 12;344(6267):678-82 PMID: 2157987
  28. The Epstein-Barr virus BZLF1 gene product activates the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 5' long terminal repeat.
    J Virol. 1990 Dec;64(12):6282-5 PMID: 2173793
  29. The v-rel oncogene encodes a kappa B enhancer binding protein that inhibits NF-kappa B function.
    Cell. 1990 Nov 16;63(4):803-14 PMID: 2225078
  30. The multiple membrane-spanning segments of the BNLF-1 oncogene from Epstein-Barr virus are required for transformation.
    Oncogene. 1989 Jan;4(1):67-74 PMID: 2536919
  31. UV-induced transcription from the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) long terminal repeat and UV-induced secretion of an extracellular factor that induces HIV-1 transcription in nonirradiated cells.
    J Virol. 1989 Nov;63(11):4540-4 PMID: 2795711
  32. Coexpression of human immunodeficiency virus envelope proteins and tat from a single simian virus 40 late replacement vector.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Jan;85(2):334-8 PMID: 2829181
  33. HTLV-1 transactivator induces interleukin-2 receptor expression through an NF-kappa B-like factor.
    Nature. 1988 Jun 23;333(6175):776-8 PMID: 2838755
  34. Activation of the human immunodeficiency virus long terminal repeat by herpes simplex virus type 1 is associated with induction of a nuclear factor that binds to the NF-kappa B/core enhancer sequence.
    J Virol. 1988 Nov;62(11):4104-12 PMID: 2845125
  35. The location of cis-acting regulatory sequences in the human T cell lymphotropic virus type III (HTLV-III/LAV) long terminal repeat.
    Cell. 1985 Jul;41(3):813-23 PMID: 2988790
  36. Epstein-Barr virus-encoded protein found in plasma membranes of transformed cells.
    J Virol. 1985 Sep;55(3):710-20 PMID: 2991591
  37. An EBV membrane protein expressed in immortalized lymphocytes transforms established rodent cells.
    Cell. 1985 Dec;43(3 Pt 2):831-40 PMID: 3000618
  38. Defective regulation of Epstein-Barr virus infection in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) or AIDS-related disorders.
    N Engl J Med. 1986 Apr 3;314(14):874-9 PMID: 3005862
  39. High-level expression of the Epstein-Barr virus EBNA1 protein in CV1 cells and human lymphoid cells using a SV40 late replacement vector.
    Gene. 1986;43(1-2):41-50 PMID: 3019836
  40. An inducible transcription factor activates expression of human immunodeficiency virus in T cells.
    Nature. 1987 Apr 16-22;326(6114):711-3 PMID: 3031512
  41. An Epstein-Barr virus transforming protein associates with vimentin in lymphocytes.
    Mol Cell Biol. 1987 Jul;7(7):2299-308 PMID: 3039344
  42. Interactions of cellular proteins involved in the transcriptional regulation of the human immunodeficiency virus.
    EMBO J. 1987 Dec 1;6(12):3761-70 PMID: 3428273
  43. Phenotypic and cytogenetic characteristics of human B-lymphoid cell lines and their relevance for the etiology of Burkitt's lymphoma.
    Adv Cancer Res. 1982;37:319-80 PMID: 6305160
  44. Orientation and patching of the latent infection membrane protein encoded by Epstein-Barr virus.
    J Virol. 1986 Apr;58(1):233-7 PMID: 3005654
  45. Association of HTLV-III with Epstein-Barr virus infection and abnormalities of T lymphocytes in homosexual men.
    J Infect Dis. 1986 Oct;154(4):556-61 PMID: 3018092
  46. HTLV-III infection of EBV-genome-positive B-lymphoid cells with or without detectable T4 antigens.
    Int J Cancer. 1987 Feb 15;39(2):198-202 PMID: 3026971
  47. Multiple nuclear factors interact with the immunoglobulin enhancer sequences.
    Cell. 1986 Aug 29;46(5):705-16 PMID: 3091258
  48. Regulation of mRNA accumulation by a human immunodeficiency virus trans-activator protein.
    Cell. 1987 Feb 27;48(4):691-701 PMID: 3643816
  49. Recombinant genomes which express chloramphenicol acetyltransferase in mammalian cells.
    Mol Cell Biol. 1982 Sep;2(9):1044-51 PMID: 6960240
  50. Evidence for molecular subtypes of HIV-associated lymphoma: division into peripheral monoclonal, polyclonal and central nervous system lymphoma.
    AIDS. 1991 Jun;5(6):669-74 PMID: 1652978
  51. Non-Hodgkin's lymphomas in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection. Presence of Epstein-Barr virus by in situ hybridization, clinical presentation, and follow-up.
    Cancer. 1991 Dec 1;68(11):2460-5 PMID: 1657357
Article Info
Journal
Journal of virology
Abbr.
J Virol
ISSN
0022-538X
DOI
10.1128/JVI.66.11.6496-6501.1992
Published
1992-11-00
Pages
6496-501
Language
English
Region
United States
NLM ID
0113724
PMCID
PMC240142
Subset
IM
Grants
NIAID NIH HHS · 5RO1 AI25304 · United States
External Links
PubMed source DOI: 10.1128/JVI.66.11.6496-6501.1992 PMC Full Text View journal details
Analysis Services
Analysis Services

Contact

No. 2 Wenbo Road, Zhangqiu District, Jinan, Shandong

Qilu Normal University · Genelibs Bioinformatics Lab

750 Shunhua Rd, Jinan

2F, Bldg F, University Science Park

Tel: 0531-88819269

WeChat Official Account

Follow our WeChat subscription account for real-time updates and the latest in medical and biological research.


Business Email

E-mail: [email protected]

Copyright © 2026.Genelibs Jinan Honghui Biotechnology Co., Ltd. 鲁ICP备20007159号-2