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PMID: 15604726 Published · ppublish English Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Bax-induced cell death of Arabidopsis is meditated through reactive oxygen-dependent and -independent processes.

Plant molecular biology ·Vol. 56 ·No. 1 ·2004-09-00 ·Pages 15-27

Baek D, Nam J, Koo YD, Kim DH, Lee J, Jeong JC, Kwak SS, Chung WS, Lim CO, Bahk JD, Hong JC, Lee SY, Kawai-Yamada M, Uchimiya H, Yun DJ

Abstract

An Arabidopsis protoplast system was developed for dissecting plant cell death in individual cells. Bax, a mammalian pro-apoptotic member of the Bcl-2 family, induces apoptotic-like cell death in Arabidopsis. Bax accumulation in Arabidopsis mesophyll protoplasts expressing murine Bax cDNA from a glucocorticoid-inducible promoter results in cytological characteristics of apoptosis, namely DNA fragmentation, increased vacuolation, and loss of plasma membrane integrity. In vivo targeting analysis monitored using jellyfish green fluorescent protein (GFP) reporter indicated full-length Bax was localized to the mitochondria, as it does in animal cells. Deletion of the carboxyl-terminal transmembrane domain of Bax completely abolished targeting to mitochondria. Bax expression was followed by reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation. Treatment of protoplasts with the antioxidant N -acetyl- -cysteine (NAC) during induction of Bax expression strongly suppressed Bax-mediated ROS production and the cell death phenotype. However, some population of the ROS depleted cells still induced cell death, indicating that there is a process that Bax-mediated plant cell death is independent of ROS accumulation. Accordingly, suppression of Bax-mediated plant cell death also takes place in two different processes. Over-expression of a key redox-regulator, Arabidopsis nucleoside diphosphate kinase 2 (AtNDPK2) down-regulated ROS accumulation and suppressed Bax-mediated cell death and transient expression of Arabidopsis Bax inhibitor-1 (AtBI-1) substantially suppressed Bax-induced cell death without altering cellular ROS level. Taken together, our results collectively suggest that the Bax-mediated cell death and its suppression in plants is mediated by ROS-dependent and -independent processes.

MeSH Terms
Animals Apoptosis Arabidopsis/genetics,physiology Arabidopsis Proteins/genetics,physiology Cell Size DNA Fragmentation Dexamethasone/pharmacology Gene Expression Green Fluorescent Proteins/genetics,metabolism Luminescent Proteins/genetics,metabolism Membrane Proteins/genetics,physiology Mice Microscopy, Fluorescence Mitochondria/metabolism Models, Biological Plants, Genetically Modified Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2/genetics,physiology Protoplasts/cytology,drug effects,metabolism Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism Recombinant Fusion Proteins/genetics,metabolism Signal Transduction Time Factors Transformation, Genetic Vacuoles/metabolism bcl-2-Associated X Protein
Chemicals
ATBI-1 protein, Arabidopsis Arabidopsis Proteins Bax protein, mouse Luminescent Proteins Membrane Proteins Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 Reactive Oxygen Species Recombinant Fusion Proteins bcl-2-Associated X Protein red fluorescent protein Green Fluorescent Proteins Dexamethasone
Authors & Affiliations
15 authors, click to expand affiliations / ORCID
Baek Dongwon
Environmental Biotechnology National Core Research Center, and Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 program), Graduate School of Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 660-701, Korea.
Nam Jaesung
Koo Yoon Duck
Kim Doh Hoon
Lee Jiyoung
Jeong Jae Cheol
Kwak Sang-Soo
Chung Woo Sik
Lim Chae Oh
Bahk Jeong Dong
Hong Jong Chan
Lee Sang Yeol
Kawai-Yamada Maki
Uchimiya Hirofumi
Yun Dae-Jin
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Article Info
Journal
Plant molecular biology
Abbr.
Plant Mol Biol
ISSN
0167-4412
DOI
10.1007/s11103-004-3096-4
Published
2004-09-00
Pages
15-27
Language
English
Region
Netherlands
NLM ID
9106343
Subset
IM
External Links
PubMed source DOI: 10.1007/s11103-004-3096-4 View journal details
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