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PMID: 1722759 Published · ppublish English Journal Article Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.

Initial stages of retinofugal axon development in the hamster: evidence for two distinct modes of growth.

Experimental brain research ·Vol. 87 ·No. 2 ·1991-00-00 ·Pages 371-82

Jhaveri S, Edwards MA, Schneider GE

Abstract

In order to characterize differences in growth patterns of axons as they elongate toward their targets and during the initial stages of terminal arbor formation within the targets, we examined the primary visual system of fetal and newborn hamsters using three morphological methods: the Cajal-deCastro reduced silver method, the rapid Golgi technique, and anterograde transport of HRP. Axons emerge from the retina between the 10th and 11th embryonic days (E10-E11). The front of retinal axons crosses the chiasm, extends over the primitive dorsal nucleus of the lateral geniculate body (LGBd) by E13, and advances to the back of the superior colliculus (SC) by E13.5-E14. The rate of axon growth during this advance is nearly 2 mm/day. Collateral sprouts appear on axons around E15.5. In the LGBd and SC, these sprouts arise from multiple sites along the parent axons. Only one or a few of the sprouts continue to grow and branch, while others are eliminated. The net rate of axon collateral advance in this second phase is an order of magnitude slower than during the stage of axon elongation. Thus, formation of CNS projections may involve two qualitatively distinct modes of axon growth. The arborization mode contrasts with the elongation mode by the presence of branching, a lack of fasciculation and a slower average rate of extension. The stereotypic direct advance of axons during elongation also differs from the remodelling which occurs during arborization. The delay between axon arrival at targets and onset of arborization could be a reflection of axons "waiting" for a maturational change to occur in the retina or in targets. Arborization in the LGBd and SC is initiated around the same time, implicating the former possibility. However, a slower differentiation of retinal arbors in the SC, in addition to morphological differences of arbors in the two structures, suggests that alterations in substrate factors also play a critical role in triggering the early stages of arbor formation.

MeSH Terms
Aging Animals Animals, Newborn Axonal Transport Axons/physiology,ultrastructure Cricetinae Embryo, Mammalian Geniculate Bodies/embryology,growth & development Gestational Age Horseradish Peroxidase Mesocricetus Neurons/physiology Optic Chiasm/embryology,growth & development Retina/embryology,growth & development Staining and Labeling Superior Colliculi/embryology,growth & development Visual Pathways/embryology,growth & development
Chemicals
Horseradish Peroxidase
Authors & Affiliations
3 authors, click to expand affiliations / ORCID
Jhaveri S
Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Cambridge 02139.
Edwards M A
Schneider G E
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Article Info
Journal
Experimental brain research
Abbr.
Exp Brain Res
ISSN
0014-4819
DOI
10.1007/BF00231854
Published
1991-00-00
Pages
371-82
Language
English
Region
Germany
NLM ID
0043312
Subset
IM
Grants
NEI NIH HHS · EY00126 · United States
NEI NIH HHS · EY02621 · United States
NEI NIH HHS · EY05504 · United States
External Links
PubMed source DOI: 10.1007/BF00231854 View journal details
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