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PMID: 18434604 Published · ppublish English Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Light regulation and daytime dependency of inducible plant defenses in Arabidopsis: phytochrome signaling controls systemic acquired resistance rather than local defense.

Plant physiology ·Vol. 147 ·No. 2 ·2008-06-00 ·Pages 790-801

Griebel T, Zeier J

Abstract

We have examined molecular and physiological principles underlying the light dependency of defense activation in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) plants challenged with the bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas syringae. Within a fixed light/dark cycle, plant defense responses and disease resistance significantly depend on the time of day when pathogen contact takes place. Morning and midday inoculations result in higher salicylic acid accumulation, faster expression of pathogenesis-related genes, and a more pronounced hypersensitive response than inoculations in the evening or at night. Rather than to the plants' circadian rhythm, this increased plant defense capability upon day inoculations is attributable to the availability of a prolonged light period during the early plant-pathogen interaction. Moreover, pathogen responses of Arabidopsis double mutants affected in light perception, i.e. cryptochrome1cryptochrome2 (cry1cry2), phototropin1phototropin2 (phot1phot2), and phytochromeAphytochromeB (phyAphyB) were assessed. Induction of defense responses by either avirulent or virulent P. syringae at inoculation sites is relatively robust in leaves of photoreceptor mutants, indicating little cross talk between local defense and light signaling. In addition, the blue-light receptor mutants cry1cry2 and phot1phot2 are both capable of establishing a full systemic acquired resistance (SAR) response. Induction of SAR and salicylic-acid-dependent systemic defense reactions, however, are compromised in phyAphyB mutants. Phytochrome regulation of SAR involves the essential SAR component FLAVIN-DEPENDENT MONOOXYGENASE1. Our findings highlight the importance of phytochrome photoperception during systemic rather than local resistance induction. The phytochrome system seems to accommodate the supply of light energy to the energetically costly increase in whole plant resistance.

MeSH Terms
Arabidopsis/metabolism,physiology,radiation effects Base Sequence DNA Primers Light Photosynthetic Reaction Center Complex Proteins/metabolism Phytochrome/metabolism Signal Transduction
Chemicals
DNA Primers Photosynthetic Reaction Center Complex Proteins Phytochrome
Authors & Affiliations
2 authors, click to expand affiliations / ORCID
Griebel Thomas
Julius-von-Sachs-Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Würzburg, D-97082 Würzburg, Germany.
Zeier Jürgen
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Article Info
Journal
Plant physiology
Abbr.
Plant Physiol
ISSN
0032-0889
DOI
10.1104/pp.108.119503
Published
2008-06-00
Epub
2008-00-23
Pages
790-801
Language
English
Region
United States
NLM ID
0401224
PMCID
PMC2409012
Subset
IM
External Links
PubMed source DOI: 10.1104/pp.108.119503 PMC Full Text View journal details
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