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PMID: 18437200 Published · epublish English Journal Article Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural

Global transcriptome and deletome profiles of yeast exposed to transition metals.

PLoS genetics ·Vol. 4 ·No. 4 ·2008-04-25 ·Pages e1000053

Jin YH, Dunlap PE, McBride SJ, Al-Refai H, Bushel PR, Freedman JH

Abstract

A variety of pathologies are associated with exposure to supraphysiological concentrations of essential metals and to non-essential metals and metalloids. The molecular mechanisms linking metal exposure to human pathologies have not been clearly defined. To address these gaps in our understanding of the molecular biology of transition metals, the genomic effects of exposure to Group IB (copper, silver), IIB (zinc, cadmium, mercury), VIA (chromium), and VB (arsenic) elements on the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae were examined. Two comprehensive sets of metal-responsive genomic profiles were generated following exposure to equi-toxic concentrations of metal: one that provides information on the transcriptional changes associated with metal exposure (transcriptome), and a second that provides information on the relationship between the expression of approximately 4,700 non-essential genes and sensitivity to metal exposure (deletome). Approximately 22% of the genome was affected by exposure to at least one metal. Principal component and cluster analyses suggest that the chemical properties of the metal are major determinants in defining the expression profile. Furthermore, cells may have developed common or convergent regulatory mechanisms to accommodate metal exposure. The transcriptome and deletome had 22 genes in common, however, comparison between Gene Ontology biological processes for the two gene sets revealed that metal stress adaptation and detoxification categories were commonly enriched. Analysis of the transcriptome and deletome identified several evolutionarily conserved, signal transduction pathways that may be involved in regulating the responses to metal exposure. In this study, we identified genes and cognate signaling pathways that respond to exposure to essential and non-essential metals. In addition, genes that are essential for survival in the presence of these metals were identified. This information will contribute to our understanding of the molecular mechanism by which organisms respond to metal stress, and could lead to an understanding of the connection between environmental stress and signal transduction pathways.

MeSH Terms
Cluster Analysis Environmental Pollutants/toxicity Gene Deletion Gene Expression/drug effects Gene Expression Profiling Genes, Fungal/drug effects Genome, Fungal/genetics Multigene Family/drug effects Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis Principal Component Analysis Saccharomyces cerevisiae/drug effects,genetics Signal Transduction/drug effects Transition Elements/toxicity
Chemicals
Environmental Pollutants Transition Elements
Authors & Affiliations
6 authors, click to expand affiliations / ORCID
Jin Yong Hwan
Nicholas School of the Environment and Earth Sciences, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America.
Dunlap Paul E
McBride Sandra J
Al-Refai Hanan
Bushel Pierre R
Freedman Jonathan H
Conflict of Interest

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

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Article Info
Journal
PLoS genetics
Abbr.
PLoS Genet
ISSN
1553-7404
DOI
10.1371/journal.pgen.1000053
Published
2008-04-25
Epub
2008-00-25
Pages
e1000053
Language
English
Region
United States
NLM ID
101239074
PMCID
PMC2278374
Subset
IM
Grants
NIEHS NIH HHS · U19 ES011375 · United States
NIEHS NIH HHS · R01 ES009949 · United States
Intramural NIH HHS · United States
NIEHS NIH HHS · U19ES011375 · United States
NIEHS NIH HHS · R01ES009949 · United States
External Links
PubMed source DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1000053 PMC Full Text View journal details
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