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PMID: 18931897 Published · ppublish English Journal Article Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural Review

Phospholipase A2 biochemistry.

Cardiovascular drugs and therapy ·Vol. 23 ·No. 1 ·2009-02-00 ·Pages 49-59

Burke JE, Dennis EA

Abstract

The phospholipase A(2) (PLA(2)) superfamily consists of many different groups of enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of the sn-2 ester bond in a variety of different phospholipids. The products of this reaction, a free fatty acid, and lysophospholipid have many different important physiological roles. There are five main types of PLA(2): the secreted sPLA(2)'s, the cytosolic cPLA(2)'s, the Ca(2+)independent iPLA(2)'s, the PAF acetylhydrolases, and the lysosomal PLA(2)'s. This review focuses on the superfamily of PLA(2) enzymes, and then uses three specific examples of these enzymes to examine the differing biochemistry of the three main types of these enzymes. These three examples are the GIA cobra venom PLA(2), the GIVA cytosolic cPLA(2), and the GVIA Ca(2+)-independent iPLA(2).

MeSH Terms
Animals Elapid Venoms/enzymology Fatty Acids, Nonesterified/metabolism Group IA Phospholipases A2/metabolism Group IV Phospholipases A2/metabolism Group VI Phospholipases A2/metabolism Humans Isoenzymes/metabolism Lysophospholipids/metabolism Phospholipases A2/metabolism
Chemicals
Elapid Venoms Fatty Acids, Nonesterified Isoenzymes Lysophospholipids Group IA Phospholipases A2 Group IV Phospholipases A2 Group VI Phospholipases A2 Phospholipases A2
Authors & Affiliations
2 authors, click to expand affiliations / ORCID
Burke John E
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, CA 92093-0601, USA.
Dennis Edward A
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Article Info
Journal
Cardiovascular drugs and therapy
Abbr.
Cardiovasc Drugs Ther
ISSN
1573-7241
DOI
10.1007/s10557-008-6132-9
Published
2009-02-00
Epub
2008-00-18
Pages
49-59
Language
English
Region
United States
NLM ID
8712220
PMCID
PMC2823292
Subset
IM
Grants
NIGMS NIH HHS · R01 GM020501 · United States
NIGMS NIH HHS · GM020501 · United States
NIGMS NIH HHS · R01 GM020501-32 · United States
NIGMS NIH HHS · R01 GM064611-05A2 · United States
NIGMS NIH HHS · R01 GM064611 · United States
NIGMS NIH HHS · GM064611 · United States
External Links
PubMed source DOI: 10.1007/s10557-008-6132-9 PMC Full Text View journal details
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