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PMID: 20007447 Published · ppublish English Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

The role of casein kinase II in flowering time regulation has diversified during evolution.

Plant physiology ·Vol. 152 ·No. 2 ·2010-02-00 ·Pages 808-20

Ogiso E, Takahashi Y, Sasaki T, Yano M, Izawa T

Abstract

Casein kinase II (CK2) is a protein kinase with an evolutionarily conserved function as a circadian clock component in several organisms, including the long-day plant Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). The circadian clock component CIRCADIAN CLOCK ASSOCIATED1 (CCA1) is a CK2 target in Arabidopsis, where it influences photoperiodic flowering. In rice (Oryza sativa), a short-day plant, Heading date6 (Hd6) encodes a CK2alpha subunit that delays flowering time under long-day conditions. Here, we demonstrate that control of flowering time in rice by the Hd6 CK2alpha subunit requires a functional Hd1 gene (an Arabidopsis CONSTANS ortholog) and is independent of the circadian clock mechanism. Our findings from overexpressing the dominant-negative CK2 allele in rice support the independence of CK2 function from the circadian clock. This lack of control of the circadian clock by Hd6 CK2alpha might be due to the presence of glutamate in OsLHY (a CCA1 ortholog in rice) instead of the serine at the corresponding CK2 target site in CCA1. However, this glutamate is critical for the control of the OsPRR1 gene (a rice ortholog of the Arabidopsis TOC1/PRR1 gene) by OsLHY for regulation of the circadian clock. We also demonstrated that the other conserved CK2 target sites in OsLHY conferred robust rhythmic expression of OsLHY-LUC under diurnal conditions. These findings imply that the role of CK2 in flowering-time regulation in higher plants has diversified during evolution.

MeSH Terms
Amino Acid Sequence Casein Kinase II/genetics,metabolism Circadian Rhythm Flowers/growth & development Gene Expression Regulation, Plant Molecular Sequence Data Oryza/genetics,metabolism Phosphorylation Photoperiod Plant Proteins/genetics,metabolism Plants, Genetically Modified/genetics,metabolism
Chemicals
Plant Proteins Casein Kinase II
Authors & Affiliations
5 authors, click to expand affiliations / ORCID
Ogiso Eri
University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan 305-8577.
Takahashi Yuji
Sasaki Takuji
Yano Masahiro
Izawa Takeshi
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Article Info
Journal
Plant physiology
Abbr.
Plant Physiol
ISSN
1532-2548
DOI
10.1104/pp.109.148908
Published
2010-02-00
Epub
2009-00-09
Pages
808-20
Language
English
Region
United States
NLM ID
0401224
PMCID
PMC2815897
Subset
IM
External Links
PubMed source DOI: 10.1104/pp.109.148908 PMC Full Text View journal details
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