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PMID: 20525361 Published · epublish English Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Intrinsic response of thoracic propriospinal neurons to axotomy.

BMC neuroscience ·Vol. 11 ·2010-06-04 ·Pages 69

Siebert JR, Middelton FA, Stelzner DJ

Abstract

Central nervous system axons lack a robust regenerative response following spinal cord injury (SCI) and regeneration is usually abortive. Supraspinal pathways, which are the most commonly studied for their regenerative potential, demonstrate a limited regenerative ability. On the other hand, propriospinal (PS) neurons, with axons intrinsic to the spinal cord, have shown a greater regenerative response than their supraspinal counterparts, but remain relatively understudied in regards to spinal cord injury. Utilizing laser microdissection, gene-microarray, qRT-PCR, and immunohistochemistry, we focused on the intrinsic post-axotomy response of specifically labelled thoracic propriospinal neurons at periods from 3-days to 1-month following T9 spinal cord injury. We found a strong and early (3-days post injury, p.i) upregulation in the expression of genes involved in the immune/inflammatory response that returned towards normal by 1-week p.i. In addition, several regeneration associated and cell survival/neuroprotective genes were significantly up-regulated at the earliest p.i. period studied. Significant upregulation of several growth factor receptor genes (GFRa1, Ret, Lifr) also occurred only during the initial period examined. The expression of a number of pro-apoptotic genes up-regulated at 3-days p.i. suggest that changes in gene expression after this period may have resulted from analyzing surviving TPS neurons after the cell death of the remainder of the axotomized TPS neuronal population. Taken collectively these data demonstrate that thoracic propriospinal (TPS) neurons mount a very dynamic response following low thoracic axotomy that includes a strong regenerative response, but also results in the cell death of many axotomized TPS neurons in the first week after spinal cord injury. These data also suggest that the immune/inflammatory response may have an important role in mediating the early strong regenerative response, as well as the apoptotic response, since expression of all of three classes of gene are up-regulated only during the initial period examined, 3-days post-SCI. The up-regulation in the expression of genes for several growth factor receptors during the first week post-SCI also suggest that administration of these factors may protect TPS neurons from cell death and maintain a regenerative response, but only if given during the early period after injury.

MeSH Terms
Animals Axons/metabolism Axotomy Cell Survival/physiology Female Immunohistochemistry Microscopy, Fluorescence Neurons/metabolism Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis Rats Rats, Long-Evans Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction Spinal Cord Injuries/genetics,metabolism,physiopathology Thoracic Vertebrae
Authors & Affiliations
3 authors, click to expand affiliations / ORCID
Siebert Justin R
Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse New York, USA. [email protected]
Middelton Frank A
Stelzner Dennis J
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Article Info
Journal
BMC neuroscience
Abbr.
BMC Neurosci
ISSN
1471-2202
DOI
10.1186/1471-2202-11-69
Email
[email protected]
Published
2010-06-04
Epub
2010-00-04
Pages
69
Language
English
Region
England
NLM ID
100966986
PMCID
PMC2894843
Subset
IM
External Links
PubMed source DOI: 10.1186/1471-2202-11-69 PMC Full Text View journal details
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