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PMID: 20624958 Published · ppublish English Journal Article Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.

A unique wheat disease resistance-like gene governs effector-triggered susceptibility to necrotrophic pathogens.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America ·Vol. 107 ·No. 30 ·2010-07-27 ·Pages 13544-9

Faris JD, Zhang Z, Lu H, Lu S, Reddy L, Cloutier S, Fellers JP, Meinhardt SW, Rasmussen JB, Xu SS, Oliver RP, Simons KJ, Friesen TL

Abstract

Plant disease resistance is often conferred by genes with nucleotide binding site (NBS) and leucine-rich repeat (LRR) or serine/threonine protein kinase (S/TPK) domains. Much less is known about mechanisms of susceptibility, particularly to necrotrophic fungal pathogens. The pathogens that cause the diseases tan spot and Stagonospora nodorum blotch on wheat produce effectors (host-selective toxins) that induce susceptibility in wheat lines harboring corresponding toxin sensitivity genes. The effector ToxA is produced by both pathogens, and sensitivity to ToxA is governed by the Tsn1 gene on wheat chromosome arm 5BL. Here, we report the cloning of Tsn1, which was found to have disease resistance gene-like features, including S/TPK and NBS-LRR domains. Mutagenesis revealed that all three domains are required for ToxA sensitivity, and hence disease susceptibility. Tsn1 is unique to ToxA-sensitive genotypes, and insensitive genotypes are null. Sequencing and phylogenetic analysis indicated that Tsn1 arose in the B-genome diploid progenitor of polyploid wheat through a gene-fusion event that gave rise to its unique structure. Although Tsn1 is necessary to mediate ToxA recognition, yeast two-hybrid experiments suggested that the Tsn1 protein does not interact directly with ToxA. Tsn1 transcription is tightly regulated by the circadian clock and light, providing further evidence that Tsn1-ToxA interactions are associated with photosynthesis pathways. This work suggests that these necrotrophic pathogens may thrive by subverting the resistance mechanisms acquired by plants to combat other pathogens.

MeSH Terms

Amino Acid Sequence Ascomycota/metabolism,physiology Chromosome Mapping Chromosomes, Plant/genetics Cloning, Molecular DNA, Plant/chemistry,genetics Gene Expression Regulation, Plant Genes, Plant/genetics Host-Pathogen Interactions Immunity, Innate/genetics Molecular Sequence Data Mutation Mycotoxins/genetics,metabolism Phylogeny Plant Diseases/genetics,microbiology Plant Proteins/classification,genetics,metabolism Protein Binding Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction Sequence Analysis, DNA Sequence Homology, Amino Acid Triticum/classification,genetics,microbiology Two-Hybrid System Techniques

Chemicals

DNA, Plant Mycotoxins Plant Proteins

Authors & Affiliations

13 authors, click to expand affiliations / ORCID

Faris Justin D

Cereal Crops Research Unit, Northern Crop Science Laboratory, US Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Fargo, ND 58102, USA. [email protected]

Zhang Zengcui

Lu Huangjun

Lu Shunwen

Reddy Leela

Cloutier Sylvie

Fellers John P

Meinhardt Steven W

Rasmussen Jack B

Xu Steven S

Oliver Richard P

Simons Kristin J

Friesen Timothy L

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Article Info

Journal

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

Abbr.

Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A

ISSN

1091-6490

DOI

10.1073/pnas.1004090107

[email protected]

Published

2010-07-27

Epub

2010-00-12

Pages

13544-9

Language

English

Region

United States

NLM ID

7505876

PMCID

PMC2922177

Subset

Databases

GENBANK

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External Links

PubMed source DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1004090107 PMC Full Text View journal details

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A unique wheat disease resistance-like gene governs effector-triggered susceptibility to necrotrophic pathogens.

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