Home LiteratureArticle Details
PMID: 21219188 Published · ppublish English Journal Article Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Review

The inflammasome NLRs in immunity, inflammation, and associated diseases.

Annual review of immunology ·Vol. 29 ·2011-00-00 ·Pages 707-35

Davis BK, Wen H, Ting JP

Abstract

Inflammasome activation leads to caspase-1 activation, which causes the maturation and secretion of pro-IL-1β and pro-IL-18 among other substrates. A subgroup of the NLR (nucleotide-binding domain, leucine-rich repeat containing) proteins are key mediators of the inflammasome. Studies of gene-deficient mice and cells have implicated NLR inflammasomes in a host of responses to a wide range of microbial pathogens, inflammatory diseases, cancer, and metabolic and autoimmune disorders. Determining exactly how the inflammasome is activated in these diseases and disease models remains a challenge. This review presents and integrates recent progress in the field.

MeSH Terms
Animals Humans Inflammasomes/immunology Inflammation/immunology Inflammation Mediators/immunology Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/immunology Metabolic Diseases/immunology Neoplasms/immunology
Chemicals
Inflammasomes Inflammation Mediators Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins
Authors & Affiliations
3 authors, click to expand affiliations / ORCID
Davis Beckley K
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, 27599, USA. [email protected]
Wen Haitao
Ting Jenny P-Y
References (174)
174 references, click to expand
  1. Mycobacterium tuberculosis prevents inflammasome activation.
    Cell Host Microbe. 2008 Apr 17;3(4):224-32 PMID: 18407066
  2. At the crossroads of inflammation and cancer.
    Cell. 2004 Sep 17;118(6):671-4 PMID: 15369667
  3. Pyrin activates the ASC pyroptosome in response to engagement by autoinflammatory PSTPIP1 mutants.
    Mol Cell. 2007 Oct 26;28(2):214-27 PMID: 17964261
  4. IL-1 is required for allergen-specific Th2 cell activation and the development of airway hypersensitivity response.
    Int Immunol. 2003 Apr;15(4):483-90 PMID: 12663678
  5. The role of interleukins in insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    Nat Rev Endocrinol. 2009 Jun;5(6):305-11 PMID: 19399017
  6. Extracellular ATP is a danger signal activating P2X7 receptor in lung inflammation and fibrosis.
    Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2010 Sep 15;182(6):774-83 PMID: 20522787
  7. Critical function for Naip5 in inflammasome activation by a conserved carboxy-terminal domain of flagellin.
    Nat Immunol. 2008 Oct;9(10):1171-8 PMID: 18724372
  8. Inflammasome and IL-1beta-mediated disorders.
    Curr Allergy Asthma Rep. 2010 Jul;10(4):229-35 PMID: 20425006
  9. Syk kinase signalling couples to the Nlrp3 inflammasome for anti-fungal host defence.
    Nature. 2009 May 21;459(7245):433-6 PMID: 19339971
  10. Activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome by islet amyloid polypeptide provides a mechanism for enhanced IL-1β in type 2 diabetes.
    Nat Immunol. 2010 Oct;11(10):897-904 PMID: 20835230
  11. The inflammasome mediates UVB-induced activation and secretion of interleukin-1beta by keratinocytes.
    Curr Biol. 2007 Jul 3;17(13):1140-5 PMID: 17600714
  12. Cutting edge: critical role for PYCARD/ASC in the development of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.
    J Immunol. 2010 May 1;184(9):4610-4 PMID: 20368281
  13. Extracellular ATP triggers and maintains asthmatic airway inflammation by activating dendritic cells.
    Nat Med. 2007 Aug;13(8):913-9 PMID: 17632526
  14. Silica crystals and aluminum salts activate the NALP3 inflammasome through phagosomal destabilization.
    Nat Immunol. 2008 Aug;9(8):847-56 PMID: 18604214
  15. Inflammation and metabolic disorders.
    Nature. 2006 Dec 14;444(7121):860-7 PMID: 17167474
  16. Targeting Rac1 by the Yersinia effector protein YopE inhibits caspase-1-mediated maturation and release of interleukin-1beta.
    J Biol Chem. 2004 Jun 11;279(24):25134-42 PMID: 15060067
  17. The role of potassium in inflammasome activation by bacteria.
    J Biol Chem. 2010 Apr 2;285(14):10508-18 PMID: 20097760
  18. A potential role for P2X7R in allergic airway inflammation in mice and humans.
    Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol. 2011 Apr;44(4):456-64 PMID: 20508067
  19. Vaccinia virus serpin B13R (SPI-2) inhibits interleukin-1beta-converting enzyme and protects virus-infected cells from TNF- and Fas-mediated apoptosis, but does not prevent IL-1beta-induced fever.
    J Gen Virol. 1997 Mar;78 ( Pt 3):677-85 PMID: 9049422
  20. Multiple Nod-like receptors activate caspase 1 during Listeria monocytogenes infection.
    J Immunol. 2008 Jun 1;180(11):7558-64 PMID: 18490757
  21. The world health report 2002 - reducing risks, promoting healthy life.
    Educ Health (Abingdon). 2003 Jul;16(2):230 PMID: 14741909
  22. Redundant roles for inflammasome receptors NLRP3 and NLRC4 in host defense against Salmonella.
    J Exp Med. 2010 Aug 2;207(8):1745-55 PMID: 20603313
  23. Global and societal implications of the diabetes epidemic.
    Nature. 2001 Dec 13;414(6865):782-7 PMID: 11742409
  24. Functional screening of five PYPAF family members identifies PYPAF5 as a novel regulator of NF-kappaB and caspase-1.
    FEBS Lett. 2002 Oct 23;530(1-3):73-8 PMID: 12387869
  25. Disease-associated CIAS1 mutations induce monocyte death, revealing low-level mosaicism in mutation-negative cryopyrin-associated periodic syndrome patients.
    Blood. 2008 Feb 15;111(4):2132-41 PMID: 18063752
  26. Genomic insights into the immune system of the sea urchin.
    Science. 2006 Nov 10;314(5801):952-6 PMID: 17095692
  27. The Nalp3 inflammasome is essential for the development of silicosis.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 Jul 1;105(26):9035-40 PMID: 18577586
  28. The inflammasomes.
    Cell. 2010 Mar 19;140(6):821-32 PMID: 20303873
  29. Gout-associated uric acid crystals activate the NALP3 inflammasome.
    Nature. 2006 Mar 9;440(7081):237-41 PMID: 16407889
  30. PYPAF7, a novel PYRIN-containing Apaf1-like protein that regulates activation of NF-kappa B and caspase-1-dependent cytokine processing.
    J Biol Chem. 2002 Aug 16;277(33):29874-80 PMID: 12019269
  31. Co-regulation of NF-kappaB and inflammasome-mediated inflammatory responses by myxoma virus pyrin domain-containing protein M013.
    PLoS Pathog. 2009 Oct;5(10):e1000635 PMID: 19851467
  32. Cryopyrin/NALP3 binds ATP/dATP, is an ATPase, and requires ATP binding to mediate inflammatory signaling.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 May 8;104(19):8041-6 PMID: 17483456
  33. Development, cytokine profile and function of human interleukin 17-producing helper T cells.
    Nat Immunol. 2007 Sep;8(9):950-7 PMID: 17676044
  34. NLRX1 is a regulator of mitochondrial antiviral immunity.
    Nature. 2008 Jan 31;451(7178):573-7 PMID: 18200010
  35. Lack of interleukin-1beta decreases the severity of atherosclerosis in ApoE-deficient mice.
    Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2003 Apr 1;23(4):656-60 PMID: 12615675
  36. Anthrax lethal toxin triggers the formation of a membrane-associated inflammasome complex in murine macrophages.
    Infect Immun. 2009 Mar;77(3):1262-71 PMID: 19124602
  37. Monarch-1 suppresses non-canonical NF-kappaB activation and p52-dependent chemokine expression in monocytes.
    J Immunol. 2007 Feb 1;178(3):1256-60 PMID: 17237370
  38. A mutation in the Nlrp3 gene causing inflammasome hyperactivation potentiates Th17 cell-dominant immune responses.
    Immunity. 2009 Jun 19;30(6):860-74 PMID: 19501001
  39. Listeria monocytogenes triggers AIM2-mediated pyroptosis upon infrequent bacteriolysis in the macrophage cytosol.
    Cell Host Microbe. 2010 May 20;7(5):412-9 PMID: 20417169
  40. Inflammasome inhibition as a pathogenic stealth mechanism.
    Cell Host Microbe. 2010 Jul 22;8(1):7-11 PMID: 20638636
  41. Malarial hemozoin activates the NLRP3 inflammasome through Lyn and Syk kinases.
    PLoS Pathog. 2009 Aug;5(8):e1000559 PMID: 19696895
  42. MyD88-mediated signaling prevents development of adenocarcinomas of the colon: role of interleukin 18.
    J Exp Med. 2010 Aug 2;207(8):1625-36 PMID: 20624890
  43. Inhibition of ICE family proteases by baculovirus antiapoptotic protein p35.
    Science. 1995 Sep 29;269(5232):1885-8 PMID: 7569933
  44. Experimental cerebral malaria progresses independently of the Nlrp3 inflammasome.
    Eur J Immunol. 2010 Mar;40(3):764-9 PMID: 19950187
  45. Interleukin-1 and IL-23 induce innate IL-17 production from gammadelta T cells, amplifying Th17 responses and autoimmunity.
    Immunity. 2009 Aug 21;31(2):331-41 PMID: 19682929
  46. Activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome in dendritic cells induces IL-1beta-dependent adaptive immunity against tumors.
    Nat Med. 2009 Oct;15(10):1170-8 PMID: 19767732
  47. NLRP3 plays a critical role in the development of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis by mediating Th1 and Th17 responses.
    J Immunol. 2010 Jul 15;185(2):974-81 PMID: 20574004
  48. Immune and inflammatory mechanisms of atherosclerosis (*).
    Annu Rev Immunol. 2009;27:165-97 PMID: 19302038
  49. Critical role for NALP3/CIAS1/Cryopyrin in innate and adaptive immunity through its regulation of caspase-1.
    Immunity. 2006 Mar;24(3):317-27 PMID: 16546100
  50. Cloning a novel member of the human interferon-inducible gene family associated with control of tumorigenicity in a model of human melanoma.
    Oncogene. 1997 Jul 24;15(4):453-7 PMID: 9242382
  51. Update on biology: uric acid and the activation of immune and inflammatory cells.
    Curr Rheumatol Rep. 2010 Apr;12(2):135-41 PMID: 20425023
  52. Cytokine response modifier a inhibition of initiator caspases results in covalent complex formation and dissociation of the caspase tetramer.
    J Biol Chem. 2006 Dec 15;281(50):38781-90 PMID: 17052983
  53. The NLRP3 inflammasome mediates in vivo innate immunity to influenza A virus through recognition of viral RNA.
    Immunity. 2009 Apr 17;30(4):556-65 PMID: 19362020
  54. A short isoform of NOD2/CARD15, NOD2-S, is an endogenous inhibitor of NOD2/receptor-interacting protein kinase 2-induced signaling pathways.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 Feb 28;103(9):3280-5 PMID: 16492792
  55. Cutting edge: TNF-alpha mediates sensitization to ATP and silica via the NLRP3 inflammasome in the absence of microbial stimulation.
    J Immunol. 2009 Jul 15;183(2):792-6 PMID: 19542372
  56. The inflammatory response to cell death.
    Annu Rev Pathol. 2008;3:99-126 PMID: 18039143
  57. Cryopyrin activates the inflammasome in response to toxins and ATP.
    Nature. 2006 Mar 9;440(7081):228-32 PMID: 16407890
  58. A role for the human nucleotide-binding domain, leucine-rich repeat-containing family member NLRC5 in antiviral responses.
    J Biol Chem. 2010 Aug 20;285(34):26223-32 PMID: 20538593
  59. The B30.2 domain of pyrin, the familial Mediterranean fever protein, interacts directly with caspase-1 to modulate IL-1beta production.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 Jun 27;103(26):9982-7 PMID: 16785446
  60. Reconstituted NALP1 inflammasome reveals two-step mechanism of caspase-1 activation.
    Mol Cell. 2007 Mar 9;25(5):713-24 PMID: 17349957
  61. Cutting edge: inflammasome activation by alum and alum's adjuvant effect are mediated by NLRP3.
    J Immunol. 2008 Jul 1;181(1):17-21 PMID: 18566365
  62. Regulation of Nod1 by Hsp90 chaperone complex.
    FEBS Lett. 2005 Aug 15;579(20):4513-9 PMID: 16083881
  63. Control of intestinal homeostasis, colitis, and colitis-associated colorectal cancer by the inflammatory caspases.
    Immunity. 2010 Mar 26;32(3):367-78 PMID: 20226691
  64. Identification of Ipaf, a human caspase-1-activating protein related to Apaf-1.
    J Biol Chem. 2001 Jul 27;276(30):28309-13 PMID: 11390368
  65. Superoxide dismutase 1 regulates caspase-1 and endotoxic shock.
    Nat Immunol. 2008 Aug;9(8):866-72 PMID: 18604212
  66. Cutting edge: alum adjuvant stimulates inflammatory dendritic cells through activation of the NALP3 inflammasome.
    J Immunol. 2008 Sep 15;181(6):3755-9 PMID: 18768827
  67. NF-kappaB: linking inflammation and immunity to cancer development and progression.
    Nat Rev Immunol. 2005 Oct;5(10):749-59 PMID: 16175180
  68. The NALP3 inflammasome is involved in the innate immune response to amyloid-beta.
    Nat Immunol. 2008 Aug;9(8):857-65 PMID: 18604209
  69. A pilot study of IL-1 inhibition by anakinra in acute gout.
    Arthritis Res Ther. 2007;9(2):R28 PMID: 17352828
  70. Innate immune sensing of modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA) is mediated by TLR2-TLR6, MDA-5 and the NALP3 inflammasome.
    PLoS Pathog. 2009 Jun;5(6):e1000480 PMID: 19543380
  71. Caspase-1 activation of lipid metabolic pathways in response to bacterial pore-forming toxins promotes cell survival.
    Cell. 2006 Sep 22;126(6):1135-45 PMID: 16990137
  72. Inflammasome activation in NADPH oxidase defective mononuclear phagocytes from patients with chronic granulomatous disease.
    Blood. 2010 Sep 2;116(9):1570-3 PMID: 20495074
  73. Differential regulation of caspase-1 activation, pyroptosis, and autophagy via Ipaf and ASC in Shigella-infected macrophages.
    PLoS Pathog. 2007 Aug 10;3(8):e111 PMID: 17696608
  74. The AIM2 inflammasome is essential for host defense against cytosolic bacteria and DNA viruses.
    Nat Immunol. 2010 May;11(5):395-402 PMID: 20351692
  75. Endogenous interleukin (IL)-1 alpha and IL-1 beta are crucial for host defense against disseminated candidiasis.
    J Infect Dis. 2006 May 15;193(10):1419-26 PMID: 16619190
  76. The sterile inflammatory response.
    Annu Rev Immunol. 2010;28:321-42 PMID: 20307211
  77. Inflammasome-mediated disease animal models reveal roles for innate but not adaptive immunity.
    Immunity. 2009 Jun 19;30(6):875-87 PMID: 19501000
  78. Differential activation of the inflammasome by caspase-1 adaptors ASC and Ipaf.
    Nature. 2004 Jul 8;430(6996):213-8 PMID: 15190255
  79. Intracellular DNA recognition.
    Nat Rev Immunol. 2010 Feb;10(2):123-30 PMID: 20098460
  80. An essential role for the NLRP3 inflammasome in host defense against the human fungal pathogen Candida albicans.
    Cell Host Microbe. 2009 May 8;5(5):487-97 PMID: 19454352
  81. The serpin proteinase inhibitor 9 is an endogenous inhibitor of interleukin 1beta-converting enzyme (caspase-1) activity in human vascular smooth muscle cells.
    J Exp Med. 2000 May 1;191(9):1535-44 PMID: 10790428
  82. Immune recognition of Pseudomonas aeruginosa mediated by the IPAF/NLRC4 inflammasome.
    J Exp Med. 2007 Dec 24;204(13):3235-45 PMID: 18070936
  83. Inflammasome components NALP 1 and 3 show distinct but separate expression profiles in human tissues suggesting a site-specific role in the inflammatory response.
    J Histochem Cytochem. 2007 May;55(5):443-52 PMID: 17164409
  84. A critical role for hemolysins and bacterial lipoproteins in Staphylococcus aureus-induced activation of the Nlrp3 inflammasome.
    J Immunol. 2009 Sep 15;183(6):3942-8 PMID: 19717510
  85. Crucial role for the Nalp3 inflammasome in the immunostimulatory properties of aluminium adjuvants.
    Nature. 2008 Jun 19;453(7198):1122-6 PMID: 18496530
  86. Endosomal damage and TLR2 mediated inflammasome activation by alkane particles in the generation of aseptic osteolysis.
    Mol Immunol. 2009 Dec;47(2-3):175-84 PMID: 19804908
  87. Targeted disruption of pyrin, the FMF protein, causes heightened sensitivity to endotoxin and a defect in macrophage apoptosis.
    Mol Cell. 2003 Mar;11(3):591-604 PMID: 12667444
  88. Thioredoxin-interacting protein links oxidative stress to inflammasome activation.
    Nat Immunol. 2010 Feb;11(2):136-40 PMID: 20023662
  89. Pseudomonas aeruginosa activates caspase 1 through Ipaf.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 Feb 19;105(7):2562-7 PMID: 18256184
  90. Inflammatory role of ASC in antigen-induced arthritis is independent of caspase-1, NALP-3, and IPAF.
    J Immunol. 2009 Sep 15;183(6):4003-12 PMID: 19717512
  91. Acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity in mice is dependent on Tlr9 and the Nalp3 inflammasome.
    J Clin Invest. 2009 Feb;119(2):305-14 PMID: 19164858
  92. Active caspase-1 is a regulator of unconventional protein secretion.
    Cell. 2008 Mar 7;132(5):818-31 PMID: 18329368
  93. Long-term treatment with interleukin-1beta induces insulin resistance in murine and human adipocytes.
    Diabetologia. 2006 Sep;49(9):2162-73 PMID: 16865359
  94. Soluble and particulate Co-Cr-Mo alloy implant metals activate the inflammasome danger signaling pathway in human macrophages: a novel mechanism for implant debris reactivity.
    J Orthop Res. 2009 Jul;27(7):847-54 PMID: 19105226
  95. A Yersinia effector protein promotes virulence by preventing inflammasome recognition of the type III secretion system.
    Cell Host Microbe. 2010 May 20;7(5):376-87 PMID: 20478539
  96. Extracellular ATP triggers IL-1 beta release by activating the purinergic P2Z receptor of human macrophages.
    J Immunol. 1997 Aug 1;159(3):1451-8 PMID: 9233643
  97. Glyburide inhibits the Cryopyrin/Nalp3 inflammasome.
    J Cell Biol. 2009 Oct 5;187(1):61-70 PMID: 19805629
  98. Flagellin-deficient Legionella mutants evade caspase-1- and Naip5-mediated macrophage immunity.
    PLoS Pathog. 2006 Mar;2(3):e18 PMID: 16552444
  99. Innate immune detection of the type III secretion apparatus through the NLRC4 inflammasome.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2010 Feb 16;107(7):3076-80 PMID: 20133635
  100. Cutting edge: CIAS1/cryopyrin/PYPAF1/NALP3/CATERPILLER 1.1 is an inducible inflammatory mediator with NF-kappa B suppressive properties.
    J Immunol. 2003 Dec 15;171(12):6329-33 PMID: 14662828
  101. NAIP and Ipaf control Legionella pneumophila replication in human cells.
    J Immunol. 2008 May 15;180(10):6808-15 PMID: 18453601
  102. Expression of Nlrp1b inflammasome components in human fibroblasts confers susceptibility to anthrax lethal toxin.
    Infect Immun. 2009 Oct;77(10):4455-62 PMID: 19651869
  103. The AIM2 inflammasome is critical for innate immunity to Francisella tularensis.
    Nat Immunol. 2010 May;11(5):385-93 PMID: 20351693
  104. COPs and POPs: modulators of inflammasome activity.
    J Immunol. 2007 Dec 15;179(12):7993-8 PMID: 18056338
  105. Microbial pathogen-induced necrotic cell death mediated by the inflammasome components CIAS1/cryopyrin/NLRP3 and ASC.
    Cell Host Microbe. 2007 Sep 13;2(3):147-59 PMID: 18005730
  106. Viral inhibition of inflammation: cowpox virus encodes an inhibitor of the interleukin-1 beta converting enzyme.
    Cell. 1992 May 15;69(4):597-604 PMID: 1339309
  107. IGIF does not drive Th1 development but synergizes with IL-12 for interferon-gamma production and activates IRAK and NFkappaB.
    Immunity. 1997 Oct;7(4):571-81 PMID: 9354477
  108. The NLRP3 inflammasome functions as a negative regulator of tumorigenesis during colitis-associated cancer.
    J Exp Med. 2010 May 10;207(5):1045-56 PMID: 20385749
  109. Listeria monocytogenes-infected human peripheral blood mononuclear cells produce IL-1beta, depending on listeriolysin O and NLRP3.
    J Immunol. 2010 Jan 15;184(2):922-30 PMID: 20008285
  110. T cells dampen innate immune responses through inhibition of NLRP1 and NLRP3 inflammasomes.
    Nature. 2009 Jul 9;460(7252):269-73 PMID: 19494813
  111. NLRP3 inflammasomes are required for atherogenesis and activated by cholesterol crystals.
    Nature. 2010 Apr 29;464(7293):1357-61 PMID: 20428172
  112. Mutation of a new gene encoding a putative pyrin-like protein causes familial cold autoinflammatory syndrome and Muckle-Wells syndrome.
    Nat Genet. 2001 Nov;29(3):301-5 PMID: 11687797
  113. How the noninflammasome NLRs function in the innate immune system.
    Science. 2010 Jan 15;327(5963):286-90 PMID: 20075243
  114. AIM2 recognizes cytosolic dsDNA and forms a caspase-1-activating inflammasome with ASC.
    Nature. 2009 Mar 26;458(7237):514-8 PMID: 19158675
  115. Staphylococcus aureus alpha-hemolysin activates the NLRP3-inflammasome in human and mouse monocytic cells.
    PLoS One. 2009 Oct 14;4(10):e7446 PMID: 19826485
  116. Interleukin-1-receptor antagonist in type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    N Engl J Med. 2007 Apr 12;356(15):1517-26 PMID: 17429083
  117. Inflammasome-independent role of apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD (ASC) in T cell priming is critical for collagen-induced arthritis.
    J Biol Chem. 2010 Apr 16;285(16):12454-62 PMID: 20177071
  118. The Nlrp3 inflammasome is critical for aluminium hydroxide-mediated IL-1beta secretion but dispensable for adjuvant activity.
    Eur J Immunol. 2008 Aug;38(8):2085-9 PMID: 18624356
  119. A crucial function of SGT1 and HSP90 in inflammasome activity links mammalian and plant innate immune responses.
    Nat Immunol. 2007 May;8(5):497-503 PMID: 17435760
  120. Nalp1b controls mouse macrophage susceptibility to anthrax lethal toxin.
    Nat Genet. 2006 Feb;38(2):240-4 PMID: 16429160
  121. NALP3 forms an IL-1beta-processing inflammasome with increased activity in Muckle-Wells autoinflammatory disorder.
    Immunity. 2004 Mar;20(3):319-25 PMID: 15030775
  122. The intracellular sensor NLRP3 mediates key innate and healing responses to influenza A virus via the regulation of caspase-1.
    Immunity. 2009 Apr 17;30(4):566-75 PMID: 19362023
  123. Cholesterol-dependent cytolysins induce rapid release of mature IL-1beta from murine macrophages in a NLRP3 inflammasome and cathepsin B-dependent manner.
    J Leukoc Biol. 2009 Nov;86(5):1227-38 PMID: 19675207
  124. Inflammasome recognition of influenza virus is essential for adaptive immune responses.
    J Exp Med. 2009 Jan 16;206(1):79-87 PMID: 19139171
  125. Mycobacterium tuberculosis protein ESAT-6 is a potent activator of the NLRP3/ASC inflammasome.
    Cell Microbiol. 2010 Aug;12(8):1046-63 PMID: 20148899
  126. Alum induces innate immune responses through macrophage and mast cell sensors, but these sensors are not required for alum to act as an adjuvant for specific immunity.
    J Immunol. 2009 Oct 1;183(7):4403-14 PMID: 19734227
  127. Influenza A mutant viruses with altered NS1 protein function provoke caspase-1 activation in primary human macrophages, resulting in fast apoptosis and release of high levels of interleukins 1beta and 18.
    J Gen Virol. 2005 Jan;86(Pt 1):185-195 PMID: 15604446
  128. Cellular pyrin domain-only protein 2 is a candidate regulator of inflammasome activation.
    Infect Immun. 2007 Mar;75(3):1484-92 PMID: 17178784
  129. Cytoplasmic flagellin activates caspase-1 and secretion of interleukin 1beta via Ipaf.
    Nat Immunol. 2006 Jun;7(6):569-75 PMID: 16648853
  130. CATERPILLER: a novel gene family important in immunity, cell death, and diseases.
    Annu Rev Immunol. 2005;23:387-414 PMID: 15771576
  131. Inflammation, atherosclerosis, and coronary artery disease.
    N Engl J Med. 2005 Apr 21;352(16):1685-95 PMID: 15843671
  132. The inflammasome: a molecular platform triggering activation of inflammatory caspases and processing of proIL-beta.
    Mol Cell. 2002 Aug;10(2):417-26 PMID: 12191486
  133. Critical regulation of early Th17 cell differentiation by interleukin-1 signaling.
    Immunity. 2009 Apr 17;30(4):576-87 PMID: 19362022
  134. Blockade of interleukin 1 in type 1 diabetes mellitus.
    Nat Rev Endocrinol. 2010 Mar;6(3):158-66 PMID: 20173777
  135. Cutting edge: NF-kappaB activating pattern recognition and cytokine receptors license NLRP3 inflammasome activation by regulating NLRP3 expression.
    J Immunol. 2009 Jul 15;183(2):787-91 PMID: 19570822
  136. Streptococcus pneumoniae evades human dendritic cell surveillance by pneumolysin expression.
    EMBO Mol Med. 2009 Jul;1(4):211-22 PMID: 20049723
  137. The nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor NLRC5 is involved in IFN-dependent antiviral immune responses.
    J Immunol. 2010 Feb 15;184(4):1990-2000 PMID: 20061403
  138. Heat shock protein 90 associates with monarch-1 and regulates its ability to promote degradation of NF-kappaB-inducing kinase.
    J Immunol. 2007 Nov 1;179(9):6291-6 PMID: 17947705
  139. Clostridium difficile toxin-induced inflammation and intestinal injury are mediated by the inflammasome.
    Gastroenterology. 2010 Aug;139(2):542-52, 552.e1-3 PMID: 20398664
  140. Horror autoinflammaticus: the molecular pathophysiology of autoinflammatory disease (*).
    Annu Rev Immunol. 2009;27:621-68 PMID: 19302049
  141. On the role of macrophages in anthrax.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1993 Nov 1;90(21):10198-201 PMID: 8234277
  142. Interleukins 1beta and 6 but not transforming growth factor-beta are essential for the differentiation of interleukin 17-producing human T helper cells.
    Nat Immunol. 2007 Sep;8(9):942-9 PMID: 17676045
  143. Molecular cloning and characterization of DEFCAP-L and -S, two isoforms of a novel member of the mammalian Ced-4 family of apoptosis proteins.
    J Biol Chem. 2001 Mar 23;276(12):9230-8 PMID: 11076957
  144. Aspergillus fumigatus stimulates the NLRP3 inflammasome through a pathway requiring ROS production and the Syk tyrosine kinase.
    PLoS One. 2010 Apr 02;5(4):e10008 PMID: 20368800
  145. Induction of negative curvature as a mechanism of cell toxicity by amyloidogenic peptides: the case of islet amyloid polypeptide.
    J Am Chem Soc. 2009 Apr 1;131(12):4470-8 PMID: 19278224
  146. The inflammasome recognizes cytosolic microbial and host DNA and triggers an innate immune response.
    Nature. 2008 Mar 6;452(7183):103-7 PMID: 18288107
  147. Nod1 and Nod2 direct autophagy by recruiting ATG16L1 to the plasma membrane at the site of bacterial entry.
    Nat Immunol. 2010 Jan;11(1):55-62 PMID: 19898471
  148. Caspase-1 independent IL-1beta production is critical for host resistance to mycobacterium tuberculosis and does not require TLR signaling in vivo.
    J Immunol. 2010 Apr 1;184(7):3326-30 PMID: 20200276
  149. NLRP3/cryopyrin is necessary for interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) release in response to hyaluronan, an endogenous trigger of inflammation in response to injury.
    J Biol Chem. 2009 May 8;284(19):12762-71 PMID: 19258328
  150. Cutting edge: resistance to Bacillus anthracis infection mediated by a lethal toxin sensitive allele of Nalp1b/Nlrp1b.
    J Immunol. 2010 Jan 1;184(1):17-20 PMID: 19949100
  151. NOD2 stimulation induces autophagy in dendritic cells influencing bacterial handling and antigen presentation.
    Nat Med. 2010 Jan;16(1):90-7 PMID: 19966812
  152. Bcl-2 and Bcl-XL regulate proinflammatory caspase-1 activation by interaction with NALP1.
    Cell. 2007 Apr 6;129(1):45-56 PMID: 17418785
  153. Cytosolic flagellin requires Ipaf for activation of caspase-1 and interleukin 1beta in salmonella-infected macrophages.
    Nat Immunol. 2006 Jun;7(6):576-82 PMID: 16648852
  154. Influenza virus activates inflammasomes via its intracellular M2 ion channel.
    Nat Immunol. 2010 May;11(5):404-10 PMID: 20383149
  155. The NLRP3 inflammasome protects against loss of epithelial integrity and mortality during experimental colitis.
    Immunity. 2010 Mar 26;32(3):379-91 PMID: 20303296
  156. Are innate immune signaling pathways in plants and animals conserved?
    Nat Immunol. 2005 Oct;6(10):973-9 PMID: 16177805
  157. The Birc1e cytosolic pattern-recognition receptor contributes to the detection and control of Legionella pneumophila infection.
    Nat Immunol. 2006 Mar;7(3):318-25 PMID: 16444259
  158. NLRC5 negatively regulates the NF-kappaB and type I interferon signaling pathways.
    Cell. 2010 Apr 30;141(3):483-96 PMID: 20434986
  159. Cutting edge: Candida albicans hyphae formation triggers activation of the Nlrp3 inflammasome.
    J Immunol. 2009 Sep 15;183(6):3578-81 PMID: 19684085
  160. Necrotic cells trigger a sterile inflammatory response through the Nlrp3 inflammasome.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2009 Dec 1;106(48):20388-93 PMID: 19918053
  161. Innate immune activation through Nalp3 inflammasome sensing of asbestos and silica.
    Science. 2008 May 2;320(5876):674-7 PMID: 18403674
  162. Deletion of ripA alleviates suppression of the inflammasome and MAPK by Francisella tularensis.
    J Immunol. 2010 Nov 1;185(9):5476-85 PMID: 20921527
  163. Activation of the NALP3 inflammasome is triggered by low intracellular potassium concentration.
    Cell Death Differ. 2007 Sep;14(9):1583-9 PMID: 17599094
  164. Uric acid is a danger signal activating NALP3 inflammasome in lung injury inflammation and fibrosis.
    Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2009 May 15;179(10):903-13 PMID: 19218193
  165. Birc1e is the gene within the Lgn1 locus associated with resistance to Legionella pneumophila.
    Nat Genet. 2003 Jan;33(1):55-60 PMID: 12483212
  166. Fungal zymosan and mannan activate the cryopyrin inflammasome.
    J Biol Chem. 2009 Jul 31;284(31):20574-81 PMID: 19509280
  167. A poxvirus-encoded pyrin domain protein interacts with ASC-1 to inhibit host inflammatory and apoptotic responses to infection.
    Immunity. 2005 Dec;23(6):587-98 PMID: 16356857
  168. Differential splicing of the apoptosis-associated speck like protein containing a caspase recruitment domain (ASC) regulates inflammasomes.
    J Inflamm (Lond). 2010 May 18;7:23 PMID: 20482797
  169. Activation of the IL-1beta-processing inflammasome is involved in contact hypersensitivity.
    J Invest Dermatol. 2007 Aug;127(8):1956-63 PMID: 17429439
  170. Immunological and inflammatory functions of the interleukin-1 family.
    Annu Rev Immunol. 2009;27:519-50 PMID: 19302047
  171. Cryopyrin and pyrin activate caspase-1, but not NF-kappaB, via ASC oligomerization.
    Cell Death Differ. 2006 Feb;13(2):236-49 PMID: 16037825
  172. The NLR gene family: a standard nomenclature.
    Immunity. 2008 Mar;28(3):285-7 PMID: 18341998
  173. Cutting edge: mutation of Francisella tularensis mviN leads to increased macrophage absent in melanoma 2 inflammasome activation and a loss of virulence.
    J Immunol. 2010 Sep 1;185(5):2670-4 PMID: 20679532
  174. Immunogenicity of whole-parasite vaccines against Plasmodium falciparum involves malarial hemozoin and host TLR9.
    Cell Host Microbe. 2010 Jan 21;7(1):50-61 PMID: 20114028
Article Info
Journal
Annual review of immunology
Abbr.
Annu Rev Immunol
ISSN
1545-3278
DOI
10.1146/annurev-immunol-031210-101405
Email
[email protected]
Published
2011-00-00
Pages
707-35
Language
English
Region
United States
NLM ID
8309206
PMCID
PMC4067317
Subset
IM
Grants
NCI NIH HHS · R21 CA131645 · United States
NIAID NIH HHS · R01-AI063031 · United States
NIAID NIH HHS · U54 AI057157 · United States
NIDCR NIH HHS · R01 DE018281 · United States
NIDCR NIH HHS · R01-DE016326 · United States
NCI NIH HHS · R21CA131645 · United States
NIAID NIH HHS · R01 AI063031 · United States
NIDCR NIH HHS · R01-DE018281 · United States
NIAID NIH HHS · U54-AI057157 · United States
NIDCR NIH HHS · R01 DE016326 · United States
External Links
PubMed source DOI: 10.1146/annurev-immunol-031210-101405 PMC Full Text View journal details
Analysis Services
Analysis Services

Contact

No. 2 Wenbo Road, Zhangqiu District, Jinan, Shandong

Qilu Normal University · Genelibs Bioinformatics Lab

750 Shunhua Rd, Jinan

2F, Bldg F, University Science Park

Tel: 0531-88819269

WeChat Official Account

Follow our WeChat subscription account for real-time updates and the latest in medical and biological research.


Business Email

E-mail: [email protected]

Copyright © 2026.Genelibs Jinan Honghui Biotechnology Co., Ltd. 鲁ICP备20007159号-2