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PMID: 2153226 Published · ppublish English Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.

Feline leukemia virus infection as a potentiating cofactor for the primary and secondary stages of experimentally induced feline immunodeficiency virus infection.

Journal of virology ·Vol. 64 ·No. 2 ·1990-02-00 ·Pages 598-606

Pedersen NC, Torten M, Rideout B, Sparger E, Tonachini T, Luciw PA, Ackley C, Levy N, Yamamoto J

Abstract

Preexistent feline leukemia virus (FeLV) infection greatly potentiated the severity of the transient primary and chronic secondary stages of feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) infection. Of 10 FeLV-FIV carrier cats, 5 died of experimentally induced FIV infection, compared with 2 deaths in 10 cats infected only with FeLV and 1 death in 7 cats infected only with FIV. FIV-infected cats with preexistent FeLV infections developed severe depression, anorexia, fever, diarrhea, dehydration, weight loss, and leukopenia 4 to 6 weeks after infection and were moribund within 2 weeks of the onset of signs, whereas cats infected only with FIV developed much milder self-limiting gross and hematologic abnormalities. Pathologic findings in dually infected cats that died were similar to those observed previously in cats dying from uncomplicated primary FIV infection but were much more widespread and severe. Coinfection of asymptomatic FeLV carrier cats with FIV did not increase the levels of FeLV p27 antigen present in their blood over that seen in cats infected with FeLV alone. The amount of proviral FIV DNA was much higher, however, in dually infected cats than in cats infected only with FIV; there was a greater expression of FIV DNA in lymphoid tissues, where the genome was normally detected, and in nonlymphoid tissues, where FIV DNA was not usually found. Dually infedted cats that recovered from the primary stage of FIV infection remained more leukopenic than cats infected with FIV or FeLV alone, and their CD4+/CD8+ T-lymphocyte ratios were inverted. One of these cats developed what was considered to be an opportunistic infection. It was concluded, therefore, that a preexistent FeLV infection in some way enhanced the expression and spread of FIV in the body and increased the severity of both the resulting transient primary and chronic secondary stages of FIV infection. This study also demonstrated the usefulness of the FIV model in studying the role of incidental infectious diseases as cofactors for immunodeficiency-causing lentiviruses.

MeSH Terms
Animals Cats DNA, Viral/genetics,isolation & purification Female Gene Amplification Genes, Viral Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes/complications,microbiology,physiopathology Leukemia Virus, Feline Leukemia, Experimental/complications,physiopathology Leukocyte Count Male Retroviridae/genetics,isolation & purification Retroviridae Infections/complications,physiopathology
Chemicals
DNA, Viral
Authors & Affiliations
9 authors, click to expand affiliations / ORCID
Pedersen N C
Department of Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis 95616.
Torten M
Rideout B
Sparger E
Tonachini T
Luciw P A
Ackley C
Levy N
Yamamoto J
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Article Info
Journal
Journal of virology
Abbr.
J Virol
ISSN
0022-538X
DOI
10.1128/JVI.64.2.598-606.1990
Published
1990-02-00
Pages
598-606
Language
English
Region
United States
NLM ID
0113724
PMCID
PMC249149
Subset
IM
Grants
NIAID NIH HHS · AI25802-01 · United States
NCI NIH HHS · CA-AI25802-03 · United States
External Links
PubMed source DOI: 10.1128/JVI.64.2.598-606.1990 PMC Full Text View journal details
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