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PMID: 22727423 Published · ppublish English Journal Article Review

Degradation of damaged proteins: the main function of the 20S proteasome.

Progress in molecular biology and translational science ·Vol. 109 ·2012-00-00 ·Pages 227-48

Pickering AM, Davies KJ

Abstract

Cellular proteins are exposed to oxidative modification and other forms of damage through oxidative stress and disease, and as a consequence of aging. This oxidative damage results in loss and/or modification of protein function, which in turn compromises cell function and may even cause cell death. Therefore, the removal of damaged proteins is extremely important for the maintenance of normal cell function. The 20S proteasome functions primarily as a system for removal of such damaged proteins. Unlike the 26S proteasome, the 20S proteasome exhibits a high degree of selectivity in degrading the oxidized, or otherwise damaged, forms of cell proteins. The 20S proteasome is broadly distributed throughout the cell and has a range of specific functions in different organelles, which are controlled through a number of proteasome regulators. It is also activated, and its synthesis is induced, under conditions of enhanced oxidative stress, thus permitting greater removal of damaged proteins.

MeSH Terms
Aging/metabolism Animals Free Radicals/metabolism Humans Oxidation-Reduction Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex/chemistry,metabolism Proteins/metabolism Proteolysis
Chemicals
Free Radicals Proteins Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex
Authors & Affiliations
2 authors, click to expand affiliations / ORCID
Pickering Andrew M
Ethel Percy Andrus Gerontology Center of the Davis School of Gerontology and Division of Molecular & Computational Biology, Department of Biological Sciences, Dornsife College of Letters, Arts & Sciences: The University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Davies Kelvin J A
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Article Info
Journal
Progress in molecular biology and translational science
Abbr.
Prog Mol Biol Transl Sci
ISSN
1878-0814
DOI
10.1016/B978-0-12-397863-9.00006-7
Published
2012-00-00
Pages
227-48
Language
English
Region
Netherlands
NLM ID
101498165
PMCID
PMC3710712
Subset
IM
Grants
NIEHS NIH HHS · R01 ES003598 · United States
External Links
PubMed source DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-12-397863-9.00006-7 PMC Full Text
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