Home LiteratureArticle Details
PMID: 2409439 Published · ppublish English Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. Review

Molecular biology of trypanosome antigenic variation.

Microbiological reviews ·Vol. 49 ·No. 2 ·1985-06-00 ·Pages 107-25

Donelson JE, Rice-Ficht AC

Abstract

暂无摘要

MeSH Terms
Animals Chromosomes/cytology DNA/metabolism Epitopes/genetics Genes Genetic Linkage Genetic Variation Glycoproteins/genetics,immunology Humans Nucleic Acid Hybridization Transcription, Genetic Trypanosoma/genetics,immunology,pathogenicity Trypanosomiasis/etiology Variant Surface Glycoproteins, Trypanosoma
Chemicals
Epitopes Glycoproteins Variant Surface Glycoproteins, Trypanosoma DNA
Authors & Affiliations
2 authors, click to expand affiliations / ORCID
Donelson J E
Rice-Ficht A C
References (139)
139 references, click to expand
  1. Antigenic heterogeneity of metacyclic forms of Trypanosoma brucei.
    Nature. 1978 May 25;273(5660):300-2 PMID: 306579
  2. Antigenic variation in trypanosomes.
    Proc R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 1978 Jun 5;202(1146):55-72 PMID: 27816
  3. Identification of the trypanocidal factor in normal human serum: high density lipoprotein.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1978 Jul;75(7):3450-4 PMID: 210461
  4. Crossreacting determinants in the C-terminal region of trypanosome variant surface antigens.
    Nature. 1979 Jan 25;277(5694):310-2 PMID: 84339
  5. Selective cleavage of variant surface glycoproteins from Trypanosoma brucei.
    Biochem J. 1979 Mar 15;178(3):689-97 PMID: 454376
  6. Selective primary health care: an interim strategy for disease control in developing countries.
    N Engl J Med. 1979 Nov 1;301(18):967-74 PMID: 114830
  7. Immunological purification and partial characterization of variant-specific surface antigen messenger RNA of Trypanosoma brucei brucei.
    Nucleic Acids Res. 1979 Oct 10;7(3):595-609 PMID: 116191
  8. Isolation and characterization of a new serodeme of Trypanosoma rhodesiense.
    Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1979 Nov;28(6):974-83 PMID: 92203
  9. Genomic rearrangements correlated with antigenic variation in Trypanosoma brucei.
    Nature. 1979 Dec 20-27;282(5741):847-9 PMID: 514362
  10. Novel expression-linked copies of the genes for variant surface antigens in trypanosomes.
    Nature. 1980 Mar 6;284(5751):78-80 PMID: 6243753
  11. Antigenic variation in clones of animal-infective Trypanosoma brucei derived and maintained in vitro.
    Parasitology. 1980 Apr;80(2):359-69 PMID: 6102753
  12. Evidence for diploidy and mating in trypanosomes.
    Nature. 1980 Oct 9;287(5782):536-8 PMID: 7422004
  13. An introduction to antigenic variation in trypanosomes.
    Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1980 Sep;29(5 Suppl):1027-32 PMID: 7435800
  14. The genes for variant antigens in trypanosomes.
    Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1980 Sep;29(5 Suppl):1033-6 PMID: 7435801
  15. Analyses of variable antigen gene rearrangements in Trypanosoma brucei.
    Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1980 Sep;29(5 Suppl):1037-42 PMID: 7435802
  16. A variant surface glycoprotein of Trypanosoma brucei synthesized with a C-terminal hydrophobic 'tail' absent from purified glycoprotein.
    Nature. 1980 Dec 11;288(5791):624-6 PMID: 7442811
  17. Cloning and characterization of DNA sequences complementary to messenger ribonucleic acids coding for the synthesis of two surface antigens of Trypanosoma brucei.
    Nucleic Acids Res. 1980 Dec 20;8(24):5965-81 PMID: 6258157
  18. Analysis of antigenic types appearing in first relapse populations of clones of Trypanosoma brucei.
    Parasitology. 1981 Feb;82(1):63-80 PMID: 6163126
  19. Antigenic variation and the surface glycoproteins of Trypanosoma congolense.
    Fed Proc. 1981 Apr;40(5):1434-9 PMID: 6163660
  20. Glycopeptides from variant surface glycoproteins of Trypanosoma Brucei. C-terminal location of antigenically cross-reacting carbohydrate moieties.
    Mol Biochem Parasitol. 1981 Feb;2(3-4):135-50 PMID: 6163983
  21. Trypanosoma brucei: biochemical and morphological changes during in vitro transformation of bloodstream- to procyclic-trypomastigotes.
    Exp Parasitol. 1981 Jun;51(3):408-17 PMID: 6785103
  22. Variant specific glycoproteins of Trypanosoma equiperdum: cross reacting determinants and chemical studies.
    Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1981 Mar 31;99(2):729-36 PMID: 6165364
  23. Purification of the variant antigens of Trypanosoma congolense: a new approach to the isolation of glycoproteins.
    Biochim Biophys Acta. 1981 Mar 27;668(1):119-31 PMID: 7236702
  24. Gene duplication and transposition linked to antigenic variation in Trypanosoma brucei.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1981 May;78(5):2673-7 PMID: 6265900
  25. DNA rearrangements involving the genes for variant antigens in Trypanosoma brucei.
    Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol. 1981;45 Pt 2:935-43 PMID: 6942953
  26. Contextural genomic rearrangements of variable-antigen genes in Trypanosoma brucei.
    Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol. 1981;45 Pt 2:945-9 PMID: 6942954
  27. Trypanosoma rhodesiense: chemical and immunological characterization of variant-specific surface coat glycoproteins.
    Mol Biochem Parasitol. 1981 Aug;3(4):227-38 PMID: 6168907
  28. Two variant surface glycoproteins of Trypanosoma brucei have a conserved C-terminus.
    Nature. 1981 Sep 17-23;293(5829):230-3 PMID: 7278981
  29. Isotypic surface glycoproteins of trypanosomes.
    Immunology. 1981 Oct;44(2):223-32 PMID: 6170573
  30. Analysis of the DNA and RNA changes associated with the expression of isotypic variant-specific antigens of trypanosomes.
    Nucleic Acids Res. 1981 Sep 11;9(17):4225-38 PMID: 6170934
  31. Variant surface glycoproteins of Trypanosoma brucei are synthesised with cleavable hydrophobic sequences at the carboxy and amino termini.
    Nucleic Acids Res. 1981 Sep 25;9(18):4735-43 PMID: 6272213
  32. Homologous 3'-terminal regions of mRNAs for surface antigens of different antigenic variants of Trypanosoma brucei.
    Nucleic Acids Res. 1981 Sep 25;9(18):4745-53 PMID: 6170939
  33. Variant specific antigens of Trypanosoma brucei exist in solution as glycoprotein dimers.
    Biochem J. 1981 Feb 1;193(2):647-50 PMID: 6171253
  34. Trypanosoma congolense: surface glycoproteins of two early bloodstream variants. II. Purification and partial chemical characterization.
    Exp Parasitol. 1981 Dec;52(3):427-39 PMID: 7318988
  35. Trypanosoma congolense: surface glycoproteins of two early bloodstream variants. III. Immunochemical characterization.
    Exp Parasitol. 1982 Feb;53(1):1-10 PMID: 7056338
  36. Sialic acids are responsible for charge heterogeneity of the variant surface glycoprotein of Trypanosoma congolense.
    Mol Biochem Parasitol. 1981 Dec;4(3-4):129-38 PMID: 7329438
  37. Biosynthesis of Trypanosoma brucei variant surface glycoprotein. I. Synthesis, size, and processing of an N-terminal signal peptide.
    Mol Biochem Parasitol. 1981 Dec;4(3-4):225-42 PMID: 6120455
  38. Conservation of a variant-specific surface antigen gene in different trypanosome species and sub-species.
    Mol Biochem Parasitol. 1981 Dec 31;4(5-6):349-57 PMID: 6278302
  39. Characterization of the DNA duplication-transposition that controls the expression of two genes for variant surface glycoproteins in Trypanosoma brucei.
    Nucleic Acids Res. 1982 Jan 22;10(2):593-609 PMID: 6278423
  40. analysis of genomic rearrangements associated with two variable antigen genes of Trypanosoma brucei.
    Nucleic Acids Res. 1982 Feb 11;10(3):803-19 PMID: 6278436
  41. Gene rearrangement and the generation of diversity.
    Nature. 1982 May 20;297(5863):184-6 PMID: 7078634
  42. Rapid evolution of genes coding for variant surface glycoproteins in trypanosomes.
    Gene. 1982 Feb;17(2):197-211 PMID: 7084668
  43. Two distinct forms of surface antigen gene rearrangement in Trypanosoma brucei.
    Nature. 1982 Jun 10;297(5866):514-6 PMID: 6896361
  44. Characterization of the expression-linked gene copies of variant surface glycoprotein 118 in two independently isolated clones of Trypanosoma brucei.
    Nucleic Acids Res. 1982 Apr 10;10(7):2353-66 PMID: 6283477
  45. Point mutations during generation of expression-linked extra copy of trypanosome surface glycoprotein gene.
    Nature. 1982 Aug 12;298(5875):676-9 PMID: 6927851
  46. Structure and expression of a Trypanosoma brucei gambiense variant specific antigen gene.
    Nucleic Acids Res. 1982 May 25;10(10):3149-63 PMID: 6285289
  47. Serological cross-reactions among trypanosome variable antigen isotypes of the subgenus Trypanozoon.
    Ann Soc Belg Med Trop. 1982 Mar;62(1):25-39 PMID: 6179482
  48. Trypanosoma rhodesiense blood forms express all antigen specificities relevant to protection against metacyclic (insect form) challenge.
    J Immunol. 1982 Oct;129(4):1715-8 PMID: 6180019
  49. On the DNA content and ploidy of trypanosomes.
    Mol Biochem Parasitol. 1982 Jul;6(1):13-23 PMID: 7110199
  50. RNA splicing is required to make the messenger RNA for a variant surface antigen in trypanosomes.
    Nucleic Acids Res. 1982 Jun 25;10(12):3591-604 PMID: 6287414
  51. The molecular biology of trypanosomes.
    Annu Rev Biochem. 1982;51:695-726 PMID: 7051964
  52. Molecular basis for trypanosome antigenic variation.
    Cell. 1982 Jun;29(2):291-303 PMID: 6811137
  53. Complete amino acids sequence of a variant surface glycoprotein (VSG 117) from Trypanosoma brucei.
    J Mol Biol. 1982 May 25;157(3):527-46 PMID: 7120400
  54. Genomic environment of T. brucei VSG genes: presence of a minichromosome.
    Nature. 1982 Sep 30;299(5882):417-21 PMID: 7121578
  55. Genomic environment of the expression-linked extra copies of genes for surface antigens of Trypanosoma brucei resembles the end of a chromosome.
    Nature. 1982 Sep 30;299(5882):451-3 PMID: 7121582
  56. Cross-neutralization of two different trypanosome populations derived from a single organism.
    Nature. 1982 Dec 2;300(5891):453-6 PMID: 6183596
  57. An analysis of cosmid clones of nuclear DNA from Trypanosoma brucei shows that the genes for variant surface glycoproteins are clustered in the genome.
    Nucleic Acids Res. 1982 Oct 11;10(19):5905-23 PMID: 6292859
  58. The ILtat 1.4 surface antigen gene family of Trypanosoma brucei.
    Nucleic Acids Res. 1982 Nov 11;10(21):6581-95 PMID: 6294609
  59. Biochemistry of the variant surface glycoproteins of salivarian trypanosomes.
    Adv Parasitol. 1982;21:69-153 PMID: 6187189
  60. DNA rearrangements linked to expression of a predominant surface antigen gene of trypanosomes.
    Nature. 1983 Mar 17-23;302(5905):263-6 PMID: 6835363
  61. The membrane form of variant surface glycoproteins of Trypanosoma brucei.
    Nature. 1983 Mar 24-30;302(5906):349-52 PMID: 6188057
  62. Antigenic variation in a strain of Trypanosoma brucei transmitted by Glossina morsitans and G. palpalis.
    J Gen Microbiol. 1965 Nov;41(2):195-214 PMID: 5866129
  63. Identification, purification and properties of clone-specific glycoprotein antigens constituting the surface coat of Trypanosoma brucei.
    Parasitology. 1975 Dec;71(3):393-417 PMID: 645
  64. N-terminal amino acid sequences of variant-specific surface antigens from Trypanosoma brucei.
    Nature. 1976 Oct 14;263(5578):613-4 PMID: 980109
  65. [Trypanosoma equiperdum: antigenic variations in experimental trypanosomiasis of rabbits].
    Exp Parasitol. 1977 Jun;42(1):6-13 PMID: 67961
  66. First tsetse fly transmission of the "AnTat" serodeme of Trypanosoma brucei.
    Ann Soc Belg Med Trop. 1977;57(4-5):369-81 PMID: 610616
  67. Crossreacting determinants in variant-specific surface antigens of African trypanosomes.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1978 Apr;75(4):1989-93 PMID: 77021
  68. Overproduction of a bifunctional thymidylate synthetase-dihydrofolate reductase and DNA amplification in methotrexate-resistant Leishmania tropica.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1983 Apr;80(8):2132-6 PMID: 6572966
  69. Variant specific surface antigens from Trypanosoma equiperdum: chemical and physical studies.
    Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1983 Jan 27;110(2):491-8 PMID: 6838532
  70. Relationship between multiple copies of a T. brucei variable surface glycoprotein gene whose expression is not controlled by duplication.
    Cell. 1983 Apr;32(4):1149-59 PMID: 6301682
  71. DNA rearrangements and antigenic variation in Trypanosoma equiperdum: multiple expression-linked sites in independent isolates of trypanosomes expressing the same antigen.
    Mol Cell Biol. 1983 Mar;3(3):399-409 PMID: 6843549
  72. DNA rearrangements and antigenic variation in Trypanosoma equiperdum: expression-independent DNA rearrangements in the basic copy of a variant surface glycoprotein gene.
    Mol Cell Biol. 1983 Mar;3(3):410-4 PMID: 6302473
  73. Comparative analysis of a Trypanosoma brucei gambiense antigen gene family and its potential use in epidemiology of sleeping sickness.
    Mol Biochem Parasitol. 1983 Jan;7(1):63-74 PMID: 6843593
  74. Carbohydrate is linked through ethanolamine to the C-terminal amino acid of Trypanosoma brucei variant surface glycoprotein.
    Biochem J. 1983 Jan 1;209(1):261-2 PMID: 6847613
  75. Growth of chromosome ends in multiplying trypanosomes.
    Nature. 1983 Jun 16-22;303(5918):592-7 PMID: 6304531
  76. The variant surface glycoproteins of Trypanosoma equiperdum. Identification of a phosphorylated glycopeptide as the cross-reacting antigenic determinant.
    FEBS Lett. 1983 Jul 11;158(1):174-8 PMID: 6190682
  77. Iodination and identification of surface membrane antigens in procyclic Trypanosoma rhodesiense.
    J Immunol. 1983 Jul;131(1):454-7 PMID: 6863922
  78. Activation of the genes for variant surface glycoproteins 117 and 118 in Trypanosoma brucei.
    J Mol Biol. 1983 Jun 5;166(4):537-56 PMID: 6306248
  79. Characterization of satellite DNA in Trypanosoma brucei and Trypanosoma cruzi.
    J Mol Biol. 1983 Jun 15;167(1):1-21 PMID: 6345792
  80. The transposition unit of variant surface glycoprotein gene 118 of Trypanosoma brucei. Presence of repeated elements at its border and absence of promoter-associated sequences.
    J Mol Biol. 1983 Jun 15;167(1):57-75 PMID: 6306255
  81. Size fractionation of Trypanosoma brucei DNA: localization of the 177-bp repeat satellite DNA and a variant surface glycoprotein gene in a mini-chromosomal DNA fraction.
    Nucleic Acids Res. 1983 Jun 25;11(12):3889-901 PMID: 6866765
  82. Genomic environment of variant surface antigen genes of Trypanosoma equiperdum.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1983 Jul;80(14):4306-10 PMID: 6308614
  83. Presence of glycerol and fatty acids in the C-terminal end of a variant surface glycoprotein from Trypanosoma equiperdum.
    Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1983 Jul 18;114(1):119-25 PMID: 6882418
  84. At least two transposed sequences are associated in the expression site of a surface antigen gene in different trypanosome clones.
    Cell. 1983 Sep;34(2):359-69 PMID: 6311429
  85. Gene conversion as a mechanism for antigenic variation in trypanosomes.
    Cell. 1983 Sep;34(2):371-81 PMID: 6616615
  86. Tandem repetition of the 5' mini-exon of variant surface glycoprotein genes: a multiple promoter for VSG gene transcription?
    Cell. 1983 Oct;34(3):891-900 PMID: 6313212
  87. Sequences homologous to the variant antigen mRNA spliced leader are located in tandem repeats and variable orphons in trypanosoma brucei.
    Cell. 1983 Oct;34(3):901-9 PMID: 6313213
  88. Gene activation and re-expression of a Trypanosoma brucei variant surface glycoprotein.
    EMBO J. 1983;2(7):1185-92 PMID: 6313354
  89. Repression of glycoprotein synthesis and release of surface coat during transformation of Trypanosoma brucei.
    EMBO J. 1983;2(10):1721-8 PMID: 6688990
  90. Are there two classes of VSG gene in Trypanosoma brucei?
    Nature. 1983 Nov 10-16;306(5939):196-8 PMID: 6646202
  91. All metacyclic variable antigen types of Trypanosoma congolense identified using monoclonal antibodies.
    Nature. 1983 Nov 24-30;306(5941):389-91 PMID: 6196642
  92. Modifications of a Trypanosoma b. brucei antigen gene repertoire by different DNA recombinational mechanisms.
    Cell. 1983 Dec;35(3 Pt 2):721-31 PMID: 6197182
  93. Instability of the Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense metacyclic variable antigen repertoire.
    Nature. 1983 Dec 15-21;306(5944):699-701 PMID: 6656871
  94. Two modes of activation of a single surface antigen gene of Trypanosoma brucei.
    Cell. 1984 Jan;36(1):163-70 PMID: 6692467
  95. Identification of a telomeric DNA sequence in Trypanosoma brucei.
    Cell. 1984 Feb;36(2):447-57 PMID: 6319025
  96. Structure of the growing telomeres of Trypanosomes.
    Cell. 1984 Feb;36(2):459-68 PMID: 6319026
  97. The control of variant surface antigen synthesis in trypanosomes.
    Eur J Biochem. 1983 Dec 15;137(3):383-9 PMID: 6319121
  98. Stability of expression-linked surface antigen gene in Trypanosoma equiperdum.
    Nature. 1984 Feb 9-15;307(5951):563-6 PMID: 6320015
  99. Myristylation of the membrane form of a Trypanosoma brucei variant surface glycoprotein.
    J Biol Chem. 1984 Mar 10;259(5):3011-5 PMID: 6699005
  100. Kinetoplast DNA, mitochondrial DNA with a difference.
    Mol Biochem Parasitol. 1983 Oct;9(2):93-104 PMID: 6366549
  101. Variant antigen genes of Trypanosoma brucei: genomic alteration of a spliced leader orphon and retention of expression-linked copies during differentiation.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1984 Feb;81(3):684-8 PMID: 6322164
  102. Trypanosome variant-specific glycoproteins: a polygene protein family with multiple folding patterns?
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1984 Feb;81(4):998-1002 PMID: 6583708
  103. Sequences homologous to variant antigen mRNA spliced leader in Trypanosomatidae which do not undergo antigenic variation.
    Nature. 1984 Apr 12-18;308(5960):665-7 PMID: 6709074
  104. Differential size variations between transcriptionally active and inactive telomeres of Trypanosoma brucei.
    Nucleic Acids Res. 1983 Dec 10;11(23):8137-47 PMID: 6324074
  105. Telomere conversion in trypanosomes.
    Nucleic Acids Res. 1983 Dec 10;11(23):8149-65 PMID: 6324075
  106. An African trypanosome variant surface glycoprotein gene whose expression is not activated by duplication.
    Nucleic Acids Res. 1983 Dec 10;11(23):8343-57 PMID: 6324082
  107. The 5'-limit of transposition and upstream barren region of a trypanosome VSG gene: tandem 76 base-pair repeats flanking (TAA)90.
    Nucleic Acids Res. 1984 Mar 26;12(6):2759-74 PMID: 6324125
  108. Molecular characterization of initial variants from the IsTat I serodeme of Trypanosoma brucei.
    Mol Biochem Parasitol. 1983 Nov;9(3):241-54 PMID: 6674811
  109. Genomic organization of Trypanosoma brucei variant antigen gene families in sequential parasitemias.
    Mol Biochem Parasitol. 1983 Nov;9(3):255-69 PMID: 6674812
  110. Two mechanisms of expression of a predominant variant antigen gene of Trypanosoma brucei.
    Nature. 1984 May 17-23;309(5965):282-4 PMID: 6325951
  111. Complete nucleotide sequence of an unusual mobile element from trypanosoma brucei.
    Cell. 1984 May;37(1):333-41 PMID: 6327058
  112. Separation of yeast chromosome-sized DNAs by pulsed field gradient gel electrophoresis.
    Cell. 1984 May;37(1):67-75 PMID: 6373014
  113. Antigenic variation in Trypanosoma brucei analyzed by electrophoretic separation of chromosome-sized DNA molecules.
    Cell. 1984 May;37(1):77-84 PMID: 6202420
  114. The variable surface glycoproteins of Trypanosoma equiperdum are phosphorylated.
    EMBO J. 1982;1(11):1393-8 PMID: 6821334
  115. Comparison of the expression-linked extra copy (ELC) and basic copy (BC) genes of a trypanosome surface antigen.
    J Cell Biochem. 1983;23(1-4):1-12 PMID: 6327735
  116. Modification of telomeric DNA in Trypanosoma brucei; a role in antigenic variation?
    Nucleic Acids Res. 1984 May 25;12(10):4153-70 PMID: 6328412
  117. Many trypanosome messenger RNAs share a common 5' terminal sequence.
    Nucleic Acids Res. 1984 May 11;12(9):3777-90 PMID: 6547230
  118. The role of duplication in the expression of a variable surface glycoprotein gene of Trypanosoma brucei.
    J Cell Biochem. 1984;24(3):287-95 PMID: 6736139
  119. Antigenic variation during the developmental cycle of Trypanosoma brucei.
    J Protozool. 1984 Feb;31(1):41-7 PMID: 6204043
  120. The surface of the African trypanosomes.
    J Protozool. 1984 Feb;31(1):60-4 PMID: 6376790
  121. DNA rearrangements of the variable surface antigen genes of the trypanosomes.
    J Protozool. 1984 Feb;31(1):65-73 PMID: 6737319
  122. Comparison of the genes coding for the common 5' terminal sequence of messenger RNAs in three trypanosome species.
    Nucleic Acids Res. 1984 Jun 11;12(11):4431-43 PMID: 6204273
  123. Characterization of the 1.35 kilobase DNA repeat unit containing the conserved 35 nucleotides at the 5'-termini of variable surface glycoprotein mRNAs in Trypanosoma brucei.
    Nucleic Acids Res. 1984 Jun 25;12(12):4907-20 PMID: 6330689
  124. Structural studies on the major oligosaccharides in a variant surface glycoprotein of Trypanosoma congolense.
    Mol Biochem Parasitol. 1984 Apr;11:309-28 PMID: 6749184
  125. Possible DNA modification in GC dinucleotides of Trypanosoma brucei telomeric sequences; relationship with antigen gene transcription.
    Nucleic Acids Res. 1984 Jul 11;12(13):5235-47 PMID: 6087278
  126. Trypanosome mRNAs share a common 5' spliced leader sequence.
    Cell. 1984 Aug;38(1):309-16 PMID: 6088073
  127. Unstable DNA amplifications in methotrexate-resistant Leishmania consist of extrachromosomal circles which relocalize during stabilization.
    Cell. 1984 Sep;38(2):431-9 PMID: 6467372
  128. Gene conversion in the absence of reciprocal recombination.
    Nature. 1984 Aug 30-Sep 5;310(5980):728-9 PMID: 6472456
  129. 6 A-resolution X-ray structure of a variable surface glycoprotein from Trypanosoma brucei.
    Nature. 1984 Sep 13-19;311(5982):167-9 PMID: 6472475
  130. Alpha-helical coiled-coil structures of Trypanosoma brucei variable surface glycoproteins.
    Nature. 1984 Sep 13-19;311(5982):169-71 PMID: 6472476
  131. Amino terminal sequence homology among variant surface glycoproteins of African trypanosomes.
    Mol Biochem Parasitol. 1984 Jul;12(3):287-98 PMID: 6482907
  132. Apparent discontinuous transcription of Trypanosoma brucei variant surface antigen genes.
    Nature. 1984 Sep 27-Oct 3;311(5984):350-5 PMID: 6090933
  133. Identification of a small RNA containing the trypanosome spliced leader: a donor of shared 5' sequences of trypanosomatid mRNAs?
    Cell. 1984 Oct;38(3):721-9 PMID: 6091897
  134. Antigenic variation in African trypanosomes by gene replacement or activation of alternate telomeres.
    Cell. 1984 Nov;39(1):203-11 PMID: 6091912
  135. Chromosome rearrangements in Trypanosoma brucei.
    Cell. 1984 Nov;39(1):213-21 PMID: 6488319
  136. Characterization of the genes specifying two metacyclic variable antigen types in Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1984 Nov;81(21):6642-6 PMID: 6593722
  137. Discontinuous synthesis of mRNA in trypanosomes.
    EMBO J. 1984 Oct;3(10):2387-92 PMID: 6094183
  138. Activation of trypanosome surface glycoprotein genes involves a duplication-transposition leading to an altered 3' end.
    Cell. 1981 Dec;27(3 Pt 2):497-505 PMID: 6101223
  139. Reverse transcription of trypanosome variable antigen mRNAs initiated by a specific oligonucleotide primer.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1983 Mar;80(6):1536-40 PMID: 6188156
Article Info
Journal
Microbiological reviews
Abbr.
Microbiol Rev
ISSN
0146-0749
Published
1985-06-00
Pages
107-25
Language
English
Region
United States
NLM ID
7806086
PMCID
PMC373025
Subset
IM
Grants
NIAID NIH HHS · AI 06935 · United States
NIAID NIH HHS · AI 18954 · United States
NHLBI NIH HHS · HL 07344 · United States
Analysis Services
Analysis Services

Contact

No. 2 Wenbo Road, Zhangqiu District, Jinan, Shandong

Qilu Normal University · Genelibs Bioinformatics Lab

750 Shunhua Rd, Jinan

2F, Bldg F, University Science Park

Tel: 0531-88819269

WeChat Official Account

Follow our WeChat subscription account for real-time updates and the latest in medical and biological research.


Business Email

E-mail: [email protected]