Home LiteratureArticle Details
PMID: 2476230 Published · ppublish English Journal Article Review

Avoidance of DNA methylation. A virus-encoded methylase inhibitor and evidence for counterselection of methylase recognition sites in viral genomes.

Cell biophysics ·Vol. 15 ·No. 1-2 ·1989-00-00 ·Pages 87-95

Krüger DH, Schroeder C, Santibanez-Koref M, Reuter M

Abstract

The ocr+ gene of bacterial virus T7 codes for the first protein recognized to inhibit a specific group of DNA methylases. The recognition sequences of several other DNA methylases, not susceptible to Ocr inhibition, are significantly suppressed in the virus genome. The bacterial virus T3 encodes an Ado-Met hydrolase, destroying the methyl donor and causing T3 DNA to be totally unmethylated. These observations could stimulate analogous investigations into the regulation of DNA methylation patterns of eukaryotic viruses and cells. For instance, an underrepresentation of methylation sites (5'-CG) is also true for animal DNA viruses. Moreover, we were able to disclose some novel properties of DNA restriction-modification enzymes concerning the protection of DNA recognition sequences in which only one strand can be methylated (e.g., type III enzyme EcoP15) and the primary resistance of (unmethylated) DNA recognition sites towards type II restriction endonuclease EcoRII.

MeSH Terms
Base Sequence DNA Modification Methylases/antagonists & inhibitors,metabolism DNA, Viral/metabolism Genes, Viral Hydrolases/genetics,metabolism Methylation T-Phages/enzymology,genetics,metabolism
Chemicals
DNA, Viral DNA Modification Methylases Hydrolases adenosylmethionine hydrolase
Authors & Affiliations
4 authors, click to expand affiliations / ORCID
Krüger D H
Institute of Medical Virology, Humboldt University School of Medicine, Charité, Berlin, German Democratic Republic.
Schroeder C
Santibanez-Koref M
Reuter M
References (29)
29 references, click to expand
  1. P1 plasmid replication requires methylated DNA.
    EMBO J. 1987 Oct;6(10):3185-9 PMID: 2826133
  2. DNA methylation in Escherichia coli.
    Annu Rev Genet. 1987;21:113-31 PMID: 3327459
  3. DNA methylation of T3 virus ocr+ and ocr- strains in Escherichia coli cells harbouring the EcoK DNA host specificity system.
    Biomed Biochim Acta. 1984;43(3):K1-5 PMID: 6378191
  4. Protection of foreign DNA against host-controlled restriction in bacterial cells. I. protection of F' plasmid DNA by preinfection with bacteriophages T3 or T7.
    Mol Gen Genet. 1978 Feb 7;159(1):107-10 PMID: 345078
  5. One role for DNA methylation in vertebrate cells is strand discrimination in mismatch repair.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1985 Nov;82(21):7350-4 PMID: 2997788
  6. Mismatch repair in Escherichia coli.
    Annu Rev Genet. 1986;20:523-38 PMID: 2949693
  7. Modification enhancement by the restriction alleviation protein (Ral) of bacteriophage lambda.
    J Mol Biol. 1986 Jul 5;190(1):11-22 PMID: 3023633
  8. Evidence that adenine methylation influences DNA-protein interactions in Escherichia coli.
    J Bacteriol. 1985 Oct;164(1):490-3 PMID: 2995323
  9. Complete nucleotide sequence of bacteriophage T7 DNA and the locations of T7 genetic elements.
    J Mol Biol. 1983 Jun 5;166(4):477-535 PMID: 6864790
  10. Naturally occurring methylation inhibitor: DNA hypomethylation and hemoglobin synthesis in human K562 cells.
    Mol Cell Biol. 1987 May;7(5):1759-63 PMID: 3474516
  11. Hemimethylation prevents DNA replication in E. coli.
    Cell. 1987 Sep 25;50(7):1071-9 PMID: 3304662
  12. DNA mismatch-repair in Escherichia coli counteracting the hydrolytic deamination of 5-methyl-cytosine residues.
    EMBO J. 1987 Jun;6(6):1809-15 PMID: 3038536
  13. Effect of dam methylation on the activity of the E. coli replication origin, oriC.
    EMBO J. 1985 May;4(5):1327-32 PMID: 3891330
  14. DNA methylation in adenovirus, adenovirus-transformed cells, and host cells.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1976 Nov;73(11):3923-7 PMID: 1069277
  15. Inhibition of the type I restriction-modification enzymes EcoB and EcoK by the gene 0.3 protein of bacteriophage T7.
    J Mol Biol. 1985 Apr 20;182(4):567-78 PMID: 2989534
  16. A specific mismatch repair event protects mammalian cells from loss of 5-methylcytosine.
    Cell. 1987 Sep 11;50(6):945-50 PMID: 3040266
  17. Recombination in the lambda repressor gene: evidence that very short patch (VSP) mismatch correction restores a specific sequence.
    Mol Gen Genet. 1985;199(3):465-70 PMID: 2993796
  18. Construction and use of chimeric SPR/phi 3T DNA methyltransferases in the definition of sequence recognizing enzyme regions.
    EMBO J. 1987 Nov;6(11):3543-9 PMID: 2828032
  19. Nucleotide sequence of the DdeI restriction-modification system and characterization of the methylase protein.
    Nucleic Acids Res. 1987 Oct 26;15(20):8249-66 PMID: 2823226
  20. DNA methylation--a regulatory signal in eukaryotic gene expression.
    J Gen Virol. 1981 Nov;57(Pt 1):1-20 PMID: 6275010
  21. Bacteriophage survival: multiple mechanisms for avoiding the deoxyribonucleic acid restriction systems of their hosts.
    Microbiol Rev. 1983 Sep;47(3):345-60 PMID: 6314109
  22. Biological functions of the bacteriophage T3 SAMase gene.
    J Virol. 1975 Aug;16(2):453-5 PMID: 1097737
  23. Unusual occurrence of EcoP1 and EcoP15 recognition sites and counterselection of type II methylation and restriction sequences in bacteriophage T7 DNA.
    Gene. 1986;45(1):77-86 PMID: 3023202
  24. The effect of site-specific methylation on restriction-modification enzymes.
    Nucleic Acids Res. 1987;15 Suppl:r219-30 PMID: 3033612
  25. N4-methylcytosine as a minor base in bacterial DNA.
    J Bacteriol. 1987 Mar;169(3):939-43 PMID: 3029036
  26. EcoRII can be activated to cleave refractory DNA recognition sites.
    Nucleic Acids Res. 1988 May 11;16(9):3997-4008 PMID: 2836807
  27. DNA methylation of bacterial viruses T3 and T7 by different DNA methylases in Escherichia coli K12 cells.
    Eur J Biochem. 1985 Jul 15;150(2):323-30 PMID: 3894024
  28. Bacteriophage T3 and bacteriophage T7 virus-host cell interactions.
    Microbiol Rev. 1981 Mar;45(1):9-51 PMID: 6261110
  29. DNA methylation pattern is determined by the intracellular level of the methylase.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1984 Jun;81(11):3278-82 PMID: 6233606
Article Info
Journal
Cell biophysics
Abbr.
Cell Biophys
ISSN
0163-4992
DOI
10.1007/BF02991582
Published
1989-00-00
Pages
87-95
Language
English
Region
United States
NLM ID
8002185
Subset
IM
External Links
PubMed source DOI: 10.1007/BF02991582
Analysis Services
Analysis Services

Contact

No. 2 Wenbo Road, Zhangqiu District, Jinan, Shandong

Qilu Normal University · Genelibs Bioinformatics Lab

750 Shunhua Rd, Jinan

2F, Bldg F, University Science Park

Tel: 0531-88819269

WeChat Official Account

Follow our WeChat subscription account for real-time updates and the latest in medical and biological research.


Business Email

E-mail: [email protected]

Copyright © 2026.Genelibs Jinan Honghui Biotechnology Co., Ltd. 鲁ICP备20007159号-2