Evidence for a disseminated erythromycin resistance determinant mediated by Tn917-like sequences among group D streptococci isolated from pigs, chickens, and humans.

A total of 199 streptococci isolated from feces of healthy chickens, pigs, and beef cattle and 26 human clinical isolates were tested for resistance to kanamycin, streptomycin, tetracycline, erythromycin, and lincomycin. Of 66 isolates resistant to these antibiotics, 12 transferred one or more resistance traits by conjugation in broth. Erythromycin resistance (Emr) was transferred from 10 of the 12 successful donors. AvaI digests of plasmids isolated from Emr transconjugants derived from two human, two chicken, and one pig isolate contained three fragments similar in size to those produced from Tn3871, an Emr transposon. The three fragments from each of the five digests on Southern blots hybridized to radiolabeled Tn3871. Plasmid DNA from a transconjugant derived from a second pig isolate contained two of the three Tn3871-associated AvaI fragments. One of the AvaI fragments from each of the six plasmids hybridized with a radiolabeled probe containing a cloned AvaI fragment from Tn3871 that contained the Emr determinant. Transposition of the Emr trait was demonstrated for the plasmids derived from one human and one pig isolate. We concluded that extensive DNA homology existed between plasmids from streptococcal strains obtained from two human patients, two chickens, and two pigs and the Emr transposon Tn3871, which is very similar or identical to the well-characterized Emr transposon Tn917. The detection of Tn3871-like sequences in streptococcal isolates from Arkansas, Illinois, North Carolina, and Washington, D.C. indicates wide dissemination of Emr mediated by the same or closely related transposons.