Home LiteratureArticle Details
PMID: 3039291 Published · ppublish English Journal Article Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.

Size variation in group A streptococcal M protein is generated by homologous recombination between intragenic repeats.

Molecular & general genetics : MGG ·Vol. 207 ·No. 2-3 ·1987-05-00 ·Pages 196-203

Hollingshead SK, Fischetti VA, Scott JR

Abstract

M protein, a major surface protein and virulence factor for the group A streptococcus, exhibits extraordinary size variation in strains of the same serotype (Fischetti et al. 1985). RNA sequence analysis of spontaneous M protein size variants shows that deletion mutations arise in a single strain by homologous recombination events between intragenic tandem repeats. Similar deletion and duplication events also occur in serial streptococcal isolates from a single patient and among related strains in a recent outbreak. We discuss how homologous recombination events can lead to the generation of antigenic variation.

MeSH Terms
Antigens, Bacterial Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins Bacterial Proteins/genetics Biological Evolution Carrier Proteins DNA Restriction Enzymes Genes Genes, Bacterial Genetic Variation Mutation Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid Streptococcus pyogenes/genetics
Chemicals
Antigens, Bacterial Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins Bacterial Proteins Carrier Proteins streptococcal M protein DNA Restriction Enzymes
Authors & Affiliations
3 authors, click to expand affiliations / ORCID
Hollingshead S K
Fischetti V A
Scott J R
References (38)
38 references, click to expand
  1. Persistence of type-specific antibodies in man following infection with group A streptococci.
    J Exp Med. 1959 Aug 1;110(2):271-92 PMID: 13673139
  2. The ring-infected erythrocyte surface antigen (RESA) polypeptide of Plasmodium falciparum contains two separate blocks of tandem repeats encoding antigenic epitopes that are naturally immunogenic in man.
    Mol Biol Med. 1984 Jun;2(3):207-21 PMID: 6085696
  3. Genetic studies of the lac repressor. VII. On the molecular nature of spontaneous hotspots in the lacI gene of Escherichia coli.
    J Mol Biol. 1978 Dec 25;126(4):847-57 PMID: 370408
  4. Antigenic variation in African trypanosomes: DNA rearrangements program immune evasion.
    Immunol Today. 1984 Feb;5(2):43-50 PMID: 25291373
  5. Repeating covalent structure of streptococcal M protein.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1978 Jul;75(7):3163-7 PMID: 80011
  6. Antigenic variation in African trypanosomes.
    Annu Rev Microbiol. 1985;39:475-502 PMID: 3904609
  7. Repeating covalent structure and protective immunogenicity of native and synthetic polypeptide fragments of type 24 streptococcal M protein. Mapping of protective and nonprotective epitopes with monoclonal antibodies.
    J Biol Chem. 1983 Nov 10;258(21):13250-7 PMID: 6415061
  8. Lysis of grouped and ungrouped streptococci by lysozyme.
    Infect Immun. 1970 Nov;2(5):563-9 PMID: 16557878
  9. A variant tandemly repeated nucleotide sequence in Balbiani ring 2 of Chironomus tentans.
    Cell. 1983 Jun;33(2):555-62 PMID: 6190574
  10. Relationship of M protein genes in group A streptococci.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1985 Mar;82(6):1822-6 PMID: 3885219
  11. Location of variable and conserved epitopes among the multiple serotypes of streptococcal M protein.
    J Exp Med. 1985 Mar 1;161(3):623-8 PMID: 2579187
  12. Evolution and higher-order structure of architectural proteins in silkmoth chorion.
    EMBO J. 1986 Aug;5(8):1981-9 PMID: 3758029
  13. Evolution of repeated DNA sequences by unequal crossover.
    Science. 1976 Feb 13;191(4227):528-35 PMID: 1251186
  14. Isolation of genomic DNA clones spanning the entire fibronectin gene.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1983 Jan;80(1):46-50 PMID: 6572007
  15. Evidence for coiled-coil alpha-helical regions in the long arm of laminin.
    EMBO J. 1985 Feb;4(2):309-16 PMID: 3848400
  16. Tropomyosin-like seven residue periodicity in three immunologically distinct streptococal M proteins and its implications for the antiphagocytic property of the molecule.
    J Exp Med. 1980 Mar 1;151(3):695-708 PMID: 6987328
  17. Intragenic recombination leads to pilus antigenic variation in Neisseria gonorrhoeae.
    Nature. 1985 May 9-15;315(6015):156-8 PMID: 2859529
  18. Cloning and sequence analysis reveal structural variation among related zein genes in maize.
    Cell. 1982 Jul;29(3):1015-26 PMID: 7151164
  19. An expandable gene that encodes a Drosophila glue protein is not expressed in variants lacking remote upstream sequences.
    Cell. 1982 Jul;29(3):1041-51 PMID: 6817924
  20. A technique for radiolabeling DNA restriction endonuclease fragments to high specific activity.
    Anal Biochem. 1983 Jul 1;132(1):6-13 PMID: 6312838
  21. The complete amino acid sequence of a biologically active 197-residue fragment of M protein isolated from type 5 group A streptococci.
    J Biol Chem. 1984 Mar 25;259(6):3686-93 PMID: 6368549
  22. Alleles of the fibroin gene coding for proteins of different lengths.
    Cell. 1979 Jun;17(2):407-13 PMID: 455471
  23. Size variation of the M protein in group A streptococci.
    J Exp Med. 1985 Jun 1;161(6):1384-401 PMID: 2409199
  24. Tandem genetic duplications in phage and bacteria.
    Annu Rev Microbiol. 1977;31:473-505 PMID: 334045
  25. Ribonucleic acid isolated by cesium chloride centrifugation.
    Biochemistry. 1974 Jun 4;13(12):2633-7 PMID: 4831907
  26. Molecular biology of trypanosome antigenic variation.
    Microbiol Rev. 1985 Jun;49(2):107-25 PMID: 2409439
  27. Streptococcal M protein size mutants occur at high frequency within a single strain.
    J Exp Med. 1986 Oct 1;164(4):971-80 PMID: 3760782
  28. Secondary structure of the circular form of the Tetrahymena rRNA intervening sequence: a technique for RNA structure analysis using chemical probes and reverse transcriptase.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1985 Feb;82(3):648-52 PMID: 2579378
  29. Acquisition of group A streptococcal M protein antibodies.
    Pediatr Infect Dis. 1985 Jul-Aug;4(4):374-8 PMID: 3895177
  30. Antigenic variation of gonococcal pilus involves assembly of separated silent gene segments.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986 Apr;83(7):2177-81 PMID: 2870495
  31. Regulation of a bacteriophage T4 late gene, soc, which maps in an early region.
    Genetics. 1984 Jan;106(1):17-27 PMID: 6693022
  32. On the formation of spontaneous deletions: the importance of short sequence homologies in the generation of large deletions.
    Cell. 1982 Jun;29(2):319-28 PMID: 6288254
  33. Complete nucleotide sequence of type 6 M protein of the group A Streptococcus. Repetitive structure and membrane anchor.
    J Biol Chem. 1986 Feb 5;261(4):1677-86 PMID: 3511046
  34. Streptococcal M protein: alpha-helical coiled-coil structure and arrangement on the cell surface.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1981 Aug;78(8):4689-93 PMID: 7029524
  35. Antigenic variation is associated with DNA rearrangements in a relapsing fever Borrelia.
    Cell. 1985 Jun;41(2):403-9 PMID: 2580643
  36. Current knowledge of type-specific M antigens of group A streptococci.
    J Immunol. 1962 Sep;89:307-13 PMID: 14461914
  37. Biochemical evolution.
    Annu Rev Biochem. 1977;46:573-639 PMID: 409339
  38. Piliation control mechanisms in Neisseria gonorrhoeae.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986 Jun;83(11):3890-4 PMID: 2872674
Article Info
Journal
Molecular & general genetics : MGG
Abbr.
Mol Gen Genet
ISSN
0026-8925
DOI
10.1007/BF00331578
Published
1987-05-00
Pages
196-203
Language
English
Region
Germany
NLM ID
0125036
Subset
IM
Grants
PHS HHS · A120723 · United States
NIAID NIH HHS · AI11822 · United States
External Links
PubMed source DOI: 10.1007/BF00331578
Analysis Services
Analysis Services

Contact

No. 2 Wenbo Road, Zhangqiu District, Jinan, Shandong

Qilu Normal University · Genelibs Bioinformatics Lab

750 Shunhua Rd, Jinan

2F, Bldg F, University Science Park

Tel: 0531-88819269

WeChat Official Account

Follow our WeChat subscription account for real-time updates and the latest in medical and biological research.


Business Email

E-mail: [email protected]

Copyright © 2026.Genelibs Jinan Honghui Biotechnology Co., Ltd. 鲁ICP备20007159号-2