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PMID: 36304921 Published · epublish English Journal Article Review

Multi-omics analysis: Paving the path toward achieving precision medicine in cancer treatment and immuno-oncology.

Frontiers in molecular biosciences ·Vol. 9 ·2022-00-00 ·Pages 962743

Raufaste-Cazavieille V, Santiago R, Droit A

Abstract

The acceleration of large-scale sequencing and the progress in high-throughput computational analyses, defined as omics, was a hallmark for the comprehension of the biological processes in human health and diseases. In cancerology, the omics approach, initiated by genomics and transcriptomics studies, has revealed an incredible complexity with unsuspected molecular diversity within a same tumor type as well as spatial and temporal heterogeneity of tumors. The integration of multiple biological layers of omics studies brought oncology to a new paradigm, from tumor site classification to pan-cancer molecular classification, offering new therapeutic opportunities for precision medicine. In this review, we will provide a comprehensive overview of the latest innovations for multi-omics integration in oncology and summarize the largest multi-omics dataset available for adult and pediatric cancers. We will present multi-omics techniques for characterizing cancer biology and show how multi-omics data can be combined with clinical data for the identification of prognostic and treatment-specific biomarkers, opening the way to personalized therapy. To conclude, we will detail the newest strategies for dissecting the tumor immune environment and host-tumor interaction. We will explore the advances in immunomics and microbiomics for biomarker identification to guide therapeutic decision in immuno-oncology.

Keywords
cancer immunology immunomics machine learning microbiome multi-omics precision medicine
Authors & Affiliations
3 authors, click to expand affiliations / ORCID
Raufaste-Cazavieille Virgile
CHU de Québec Research Center, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.
Santiago Raoul
CHU de Québec Research Center, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada. | Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de L'Université Laval, Charles Bruneau Cancer Center, Québec, QC, Canada.
Droit Arnaud
CHU de Québec Research Center, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.
Conflict of Interest

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

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Article Info
Journal
Frontiers in molecular biosciences
Abbr.
Front Mol Biosci
ISSN
2296-889X
DOI
10.3389/fmolb.2022.962743
Published
2022-00-00
Epub
2022-00-11
Pages
962743
Language
English
Region
Switzerland
NLM ID
101653173
PMCID
PMC9595279
External Links
PubMed source DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.962743 PMC Full Text View journal details
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