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PMID: 3653987 Published · ppublish English Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.

Production of a unique cytotoxin by Campylobacter jejuni.

Infection and immunity ·Vol. 55 ·No. 10 ·1987-10-00 ·Pages 2526-30

Guerrant RL, Wanke CA, Pennie RA, Barrett LJ, Lima AA, O'Brien AD

Abstract

Campylobacter jejuni is an important diarrheal pathogen worldwide; the mechanisms by which it causes disease remain unclear. Because of its association with inflammatory diarrhea, we postulated that C. jejuni might produce a cytotoxin similar to that produced by Shigella sp., enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157, or Clostridium difficile. Filtrates of 12 polymyxin-treated isolates of C. jejuni were placed on HeLa cells (sensitive to Shiga toxin cytotoxicity) and Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells. Of 12 isolates of C. jejuni tested, 5 killed 50% of the cells at greater than or equal to 1:4 dilutions of filtered suspensions of 10(9) bacteria per ml; killing was similar in HeLa and CHO cells (the CHO cells being insensitive to Shiga cytotoxin). One isolate produced a titer of 1:32 to 1:128. The relative potency in HeLa cells was comparable to that of E. coli strains that produce intermediate amounts of Shiga-like toxin. The other seven strains showed no cytotoxic effect, nor did the control diluents, polymyxin B, or supernatants of C. jejuni not treated with polymyxin B. Sonication also released active cytotoxin, but slightly less well than did polymyxin. The cytotoxic effect was dose dependent. Concentration of the C. jejuni in suspension by 10-fold before treatment with polymyxin B resulted in a 10-fold increase in the 50% cytotoxic dose. The cytotoxin effect was not neutralized by Shiga toxin immune serum against either Shiga-like toxin I or II or by anti-Clostridium difficile antiserum. The C jejuni cytotoxin was partially labile to trypsin (0.25%) and to heating to greater than or equal to 60 degrees C. Cytotoxicity was retained in Scientific Products dialysis tubing D1615-1 (Mr cutoff, 12,000 to 14,000). Some isolates of C. jejuni release a substance lethal to HeLa or CHO cells in vitro that is distinct from Shiga-like or Clostridium difficile toxin. This cytotoxin may contribute to the colonic mucosal invasive process that characterizes C. jejuni enteritis.

MeSH Terms
Animals Antitoxins/pharmacology Campylobacter fetus/metabolism Cell Line Cell Survival Cytotoxins/biosynthesis HeLa Cells Hot Temperature Humans Neutralization Tests Trypsin/pharmacology
Chemicals
Antitoxins Cytotoxins Trypsin
Authors & Affiliations
6 authors, click to expand affiliations / ORCID
Guerrant R L
Department of Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville 22908.
Wanke C A
Pennie R A
Barrett L J
Lima A A
O'Brien A D
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Article Info
Journal
Infection and immunity
Abbr.
Infect Immun
ISSN
0019-9567
DOI
10.1128/iai.55.10.2526-2530.1987
Published
1987-10-00
Pages
2526-30
Language
English
Region
United States
NLM ID
0246127
PMCID
PMC260740
Subset
IM
Grants
PHS HHS · T32A107046 · United States
External Links
PubMed source DOI: 10.1128/iai.55.10.2526-2530.1987 PMC Full Text View journal details
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