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PMID: 6450878 Published · ppublish English Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. Review

Physiology aspects of pyridine nucleotide regulation in mammals.

Molecular and cellular biochemistry ·Vol. 33 ·No. 3 ·1980-12-16 ·Pages 135-43

Bernofsky C

Abstract

Tissue levels of NAD+ appear to be regulated primarily by the concentration of extracellular nicotinamide, which in turn is controlled by the liver in a hormone-sensitive manner. Hepatic regulation involves the conversion of excess serum nicotinamide to 'Storage NAD+' and inactive excretory products, and the replenishment of serum nicotinamide by the hydrolysis of 'Storage NAD+.' Tryptophan and nicotinic acid contribute to 'Storage NAD+,' and thus are additional sources of nicotinamide. In response to administered nicotinamide, there is a preferential utilization of ATP and PRPP (5-phosphorylribose-1-pyrophosphate) for the biosynthesis of NAD+. This biosynthetic priority, whose purpose appears to be the conservation of intracellular nicotinamide, may explain why nicotinamide inhibits RNA and DNA synthesis in regenerating tissues and why elevated nicotinamide levels are toxic to growing animals and to mammalian cells in culture.

MeSH Terms
Adrenal Cortex Hormones/pharmacology Animals Female Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenases/metabolism Humans Hyperthyroidism/metabolism Hypophysectomy Liver/drug effects,metabolism Mice Mitochondria/metabolism NAD/metabolism NADP/metabolism Neoplasms/metabolism Niacinamide/blood,pharmacology Poly Adenosine Diphosphate Ribose/metabolism Rats
Chemicals
Adrenal Cortex Hormones NAD Niacinamide Poly Adenosine Diphosphate Ribose NADP Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenases
Authors & Affiliations
1 authors, click to expand affiliations / ORCID
Bernofsky C
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Article Info
Journal
Molecular and cellular biochemistry
Abbr.
Mol Cell Biochem
ISSN
0300-8177
DOI
10.1007/BF00225285
Published
1980-12-16
Pages
135-43
Language
English
Region
Netherlands
NLM ID
0364456
Subset
IM
Grants
NHLBI NIH HHS · HL-24192 · United States
External Links
PubMed source DOI: 10.1007/BF00225285 View journal details
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