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PMID: 8626338 Published · ppublish English Journal Article

Linkage of genes essential for synthesis of a polysaccharide capsule in Sphingomonas strain S88.

Journal of bacteriology ·Vol. 178 ·No. 9 ·1996-05-00 ·Pages 2676-87

Yamazaki M, Thorne L, Mikolajczak M, Armentrout RW, Pollock TJ

Abstract

Several structurally related capsular polysaccharides that are secreted by members of the genus Sphingomonas are being developed as aqueous rheological control agents for diverse industrial and food applications. They include gellan (S-60), welan (S-130), rhamsan (S-194), S-657, S-88, S-198, S-7, and NW-11. We refer to these polysaccharides as sphingans, after the genus name. This paper characterizes the first gene cluster isolated from a Sphingomonas species (S88) that is required for capsule synthesis. Overlapping DNA segments which spanned about 50 kbp of S88 DNA restored the synthesis of sphingan S-88 in capsule-negative mutants. The mutations were mapped into functional complementation groups, and the contiguous nucleotide sequence for the 29-kbp cluster was determined. The genetic complementation map and the DNA sequences were interpreted as an extended multicistronic locus containing genes essential for the assembly and secretion of polysaccharide S-88. Many of the deduced amino acid sequences were similar to gene products from other polysaccharide-secreting bacteria such as Rhizobium meliloti (succinoglycan), Xanthomonas campestris (xanthan gum), and Salmonella enterica (O antigen). The S88 locus contained a four-gene operon for the biosynthesis of dTDP-L-rhamnose, an essential precursor for the sphingans. Unexpectedly, there were also two genes for secretion of a lytic or toxin-like protein nested within the polysaccharide cluster. The conservation and linkage of genes that code for a defensive capsule and genes for secretion of an offensive lysin or toxin suggest a heretofore unknown pathogenic life history for Sphingomonas strain S88.

MeSH Terms
ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters/genetics Amino Acid Sequence Bacterial Capsules/biosynthesis Base Composition Base Sequence Carbohydrate Sequence Cloning, Molecular Codon Genes, Bacterial/genetics Genetic Complementation Test Gram-Negative Aerobic Bacteria/genetics,metabolism Molecular Sequence Data Multigene Family/genetics Operon/genetics Peptide Chain Initiation, Translational/genetics Sequence Alignment Sequence Analysis, DNA Sequence Deletion
Chemicals
ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters Codon
Authors & Affiliations
5 authors, click to expand affiliations / ORCID
Yamazaki M
Shin-Etsu Bio, Inc., San Diego, California 92121, USA.
Thorne L
Mikolajczak M
Armentrout R W
Pollock T J
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Article Info
Journal
Journal of bacteriology
Abbr.
J Bacteriol
ISSN
0021-9193
DOI
10.1128/jb.178.9.2676-2687.1996
Published
1996-05-00
Pages
2676-87
Language
English
Region
United States
NLM ID
2985120R
PMCID
PMC177995
Subset
IM
Databases
GENBANK
U51197
External Links
PubMed source DOI: 10.1128/jb.178.9.2676-2687.1996 PMC Full Text View journal details
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