Abstract
The zinc finger protein NGFI-A (also called EGR1, Krox24, or zif268) is a candidate regulator of myeloid cell differentiation. Evidence supporting this hypothesis is twofold. First, NGFI-A antisense oligonucleotides prevent macrophage differentiation in HL-60 and U937 myeloid leukemia cell lines and in normal bone marrow cells. Second, enforced expression of NGFI-A blocks granulocytic differentiation and promotes macrophage differentiation in HL-60 cells and in the hematopoietic progenitor cell line 32D. We sought to determine the effect of NGFI-A deficiency on macrophage differentiation and function in vivo by examining native bone marrow cells from mice homozygous for a disrupted allele of NGFI-A derived from gene-targeted ES cells. Macrophages were observed in peripheral blood and several tissues, indicating that NGFI-A was not required for the formation of a variety of macrophage compartments. No differences in myeloid cell differentiation were observed between wild-type and NGFI-A-/- bone marrow cells cultured in the presence of macrophage, granulocyte-macrophage, or granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF, GM-CSF, or G-CSF). Activation of NGFI-A-/- macrophages was comparable to that of wild-type macrophages as determined by nitric oxide production and increased cell surface expression of class II major histocompatibility complex molecules. Moreover, NGFI-A-/- mice showed no increased mortality or bacteria] burden when challenged with Listeria monocytogenes. Together, these results indicate that NGFI-A is not required for macrophage differentiation or activation.
MeSH Terms
Animals
Base Sequence
Cell Differentiation/drug effects
Cells, Cultured
DNA Primers/chemistry
DNA-Binding Proteins/genetics,physiology
Early Growth Response Protein 1
Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor/pharmacology
Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor/pharmacology
Hematopoiesis/drug effects
Histocompatibility Antigens Class II/metabolism
Immediate-Early Proteins
Immunity, Cellular
Listeriosis/immunology
Macrophage Activation
Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor/pharmacology
Macrophages/physiology
Mice
Mice, Knockout
Nitric Oxide/biosynthesis
Transcription Factors/genetics,physiology
Zinc Fingers
Chemicals
DNA Primers
DNA-Binding Proteins
Early Growth Response Protein 1
Egr1 protein, mouse
Histocompatibility Antigens Class II
Immediate-Early Proteins
Transcription Factors
Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor
Nitric Oxide
Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor
Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor
Authors & Affiliations
3 authors, click to expand affiliations / ORCID
Lee S L
Department of Pathology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA.
Wang Y
Milbrandt J
References (26)
26 references, click to expand
-
The mononuclear phagocyte system of the mouse defined by immunohistochemical localization of antigen F4/80. Relationship between macrophages, Langerhans cells, reticular cells, and dendritic cells in lymphoid and hematopoietic organs.
J Exp Med. 1983 Nov 1;158(5):1522-36
PMID: 6355361
-
The zinc finger transcription factor Egr-1 potentiates macrophage differentiation of hematopoietic cells.
Mol Cell Biol. 1995 Oct;15(10):5499-507
PMID: 7565701
-
The basis for the immunoregulatory role of macrophages and other accessory cells.
Science. 1987 May 1;236(4801):551-7
PMID: 2437650
-
A nerve growth factor-induced gene encodes a possible transcriptional regulatory factor.
Science. 1987 Nov 6;238(4828):797-9
PMID: 3672127
-
The molecular control of cell division, differentiation commitment and maturation in haemopoietic cells.
Nature. 1989 May 4;339(6219):27-30
PMID: 2469962
-
Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and tetradecanoyl phorbol acetate induce a distinct, restricted subset of primary-response TIS genes in both proliferating and terminally differentiated myeloid cells.
Mol Cell Biol. 1989 Aug;9(8):3580-3
PMID: 2677677
-
DNA binding site of the growth factor-inducible protein Zif268.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Nov;86(22):8737-41
PMID: 2510170
-
Base sequence discrimination by zinc-finger DNA-binding domains.
Nature. 1991 Jan 10;349(6305):175-8
PMID: 1898772
-
Zinc finger-DNA recognition: crystal structure of a Zif268-DNA complex at 2.1 A.
Science. 1991 May 10;252(5007):809-17
PMID: 2028256
-
Lipopolysaccharide induces Egr-1 mRNA and protein in murine peritoneal macrophages.
J Immunol. 1992 Nov 1;149(9):3045-51
PMID: 1401930
-
Pleiotropic effects of a null mutation in the c-fos proto-oncogene.
Cell. 1992 Nov 13;71(4):577-86
PMID: 1423615
-
Bone and haematopoietic defects in mice lacking c-fos.
Nature. 1992 Dec 24-31;360(6406):741-5
PMID: 1465144
-
The zinc finger transcription factor Egr-1 is essential for and restricts differentiation along the macrophage lineage.
Cell. 1993 Jan 29;72(2):197-209
PMID: 7678779
-
Nitric oxide production in islets from nonobese diabetic mice: aminoguanidine-sensitive and -resistant stages in the immunological diabetic process.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1993 Oct 1;90(19):8992-5
PMID: 7692442
-
Mice lacking c-fos have normal hematopoietic stem cells but exhibit altered B-cell differentiation due to an impaired bone marrow environment.
Mol Cell Biol. 1994 Jan;14(1):382-90
PMID: 8264605
-
Normal peripheral T-cell function in c-Fos-deficient mice.
Mol Cell Biol. 1994 Mar;14(3):1566-74
PMID: 8114694
-
Neutralization of IL-12 decreases resistance to Listeria in SCID and C.B-17 mice. Reversal by IFN-gamma.
J Immunol. 1994 Feb 15;152(4):1883-7
PMID: 7907107
-
Endogenous IL-1 is required for neutrophil recruitment and macrophage activation during murine listeriosis.
J Immunol. 1994 Sep 1;153(5):2093-101
PMID: 8051414
-
Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and interleukin-3 signaling pathways converge on the CREB-binding site in the human egr-1 promoter.
Mol Cell Biol. 1994 Sep;14(9):5975-85
PMID: 8065330
-
c-Fos: a key regulator of osteoclast-macrophage lineage determination and bone remodeling.
Science. 1994 Oct 21;266(5184):443-8
PMID: 7939685
-
Differentiation primary response genes and proto-oncogenes as positive and negative regulators of terminal hematopoietic cell differentiation.
Stem Cells. 1994 Jul;12(4):352-69
PMID: 7951003
-
DNA-binding specificity of NGFI-A and related zinc finger transcription factors.
Mol Cell Biol. 1995 Apr;15(4):2275-87
PMID: 7891721
-
Growth and differentiation proceeds normally in cells deficient in the immediate early gene NGFI-A.
J Biol Chem. 1995 Apr 28;270(17):9971-7
PMID: 7730380
-
The antiproliferative activity of c-myb and c-myc antisense oligonucleotides in smooth muscle cells is caused by a nonantisense mechanism.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1995 Apr 25;92(9):4051-5
PMID: 7732029
-
Early growth response protein 1 (Egr-1): prototype of a zinc-finger family of transcription factors.
Prog Nucleic Acid Res Mol Biol. 1995;50:191-224
PMID: 7754034
-
The mononuclear phagocyte system of the mouse defined by immunohistochemical localization of antigen F4/80: macrophages of endocrine organs.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1984 Jul;81(13):4174-7
PMID: 6377311