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PMID: 9419167 Published · ppublish English Clinical Trial Journal Article Randomized Controlled Trial Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.

Cell-free human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in breast milk.

The Journal of infectious diseases ·Vol. 177 ·No. 1 ·1998-01-00 ·Pages 34-9

Lewis P, Nduati R, Kreiss JK, John GC, Richardson BA, Mbori-Ngacha D, Ndinya-Achola J, Overbaugh J

Abstract

Breast-feeding may be an important route of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) vertical transmission in settings where it is routinely practiced. To define the prevalence and quantity of HIV-1 in cell-free breast milk, samples from HIV-1-seropositive women were analyzed by quantitative competitive reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (QC-RT-PCR). HIV-1 RNA was detected in 29 (39%) of 75 specimens tested. Of these 29 specimens, 16 (55%) had levels that were near the detection limit of the assay (240 copies/mL), while 6 (21%) had >900 copies/mL. The maximum concentration of HIV-1 RNA detected was 8100 copies/mL. The prevalence of cell-free HIV-1 was higher in mature milk (47%) than in colostrum (27%, P = 0.1). Because mature milk is consumed in large quantities, these data suggest that cell-free HIV-1 in breast milk may contribute to vertical transmission of HIV-1.

MeSH Terms
Adolescent Adult CD4 Lymphocyte Count CD4-CD8 Ratio Colostrum/virology DNA, Viral/analysis Female HIV Infections/epidemiology,transmission,virology HIV Seropositivity HIV-1/genetics,isolation & purification Humans Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical Milk, Human/virology Polymerase Chain Reaction/methods Prevalence RNA, Viral/analysis,isolation & purification Sensitivity and Specificity
Chemicals
DNA, Viral RNA, Viral
Authors & Affiliations
8 authors, click to expand affiliations / ORCID
Lewis P
Department of Microbiology, University of Washington, Seattle, USA.
Nduati R
Kreiss J K
John G C
Richardson B A
Mbori-Ngacha D
Ndinya-Achola J
Overbaugh J
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Article Info
Journal
The Journal of infectious diseases
Abbr.
J Infect Dis
ISSN
0022-1899
DOI
10.1086/513816
Published
1998-01-00
Pages
34-9
Language
English
Region
United States
NLM ID
0413675
PMCID
PMC3358132
Subset
IM
Grants
FIC NIH HHS · D43 TW000007-12 · United States
NICHD NIH HHS · HD-23412 · United States
NICHD NIH HHS · R01 HD023412-11 · United States
FIC NIH HHS · D43-TW00007 · United States
FIC NIH HHS · T22-TW00001 · United States
NICHD NIH HHS · R01 HD023412 · United States
NIAID NIH HHS · P30 AI027757-14 · United States
NIAID NIH HHS · P30 AI027757 · United States
External Links
PubMed source DOI: 10.1086/513816 PMC Full Text View journal details
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