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PMID: 9539427 Published · ppublish English Journal Article Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.

The mitochondrial genome of the sea anemone Metridium senile (Cnidaria): introns, a paucity of tRNA genes, and a near-standard genetic code.

Genetics ·Vol. 148 ·No. 3 ·1998-03-00 ·Pages 1091-108

Beagley CT, Okimoto R, Wolstenholme DR

Abstract

The circular, 17,443 nucleotide-pair mitochondrial (mt) DNA molecule of the sea anemone, Metridium senile (class Anthozoa, phylum Cnidaria) is presented. This molecule contains genes for 13 energy pathway proteins and two ribosomal (r) RNAs but, relative to other metazoan mtDNAs, has two unique features: only two transfer RNAs (tRNA(f-Met) and tRNA(Trp)) are encoded, and the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) and NADH dehydrogenase subunit 5 (ND5) genes each include a group I intron. The COI intron encodes a putative homing endonuclease, and the ND5 intron contains the molecule's ND1 and ND3 genes. Most of the unusual characteristics of other metazoan mtDNAs are not found in M. senile mtDNA: unorthodox translation initiation codons and partial translation termination codons are absent, the use of TGA to specify tryptophan is the only genetic code modification, and both encoded tRNAs have primary and secondary structures closely resembling those of standard tRNAs. Also, with regard to size and secondary structure potential, the mt-s-rRNA and mt-1-rRNA have the least deviation from Escherichia coli 16S and 23S rRNAs of all known metazoan mt-rRNAs. These observations indicate that most of the genetic variations previously reported in metazoan mtDNAs developed after Cnidaria diverged from the common ancestral line of all other Metazoa.

MeSH Terms
Amino Acid Sequence Animals Base Sequence Codon DNA, Mitochondrial Genetic Code Introns Molecular Sequence Data Nucleic Acid Conformation Proteins/genetics RNA, Transfer/genetics RNA, Transfer, Trp Sea Anemones/genetics Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
Chemicals
Codon DNA, Mitochondrial Proteins RNA, Transfer, Trp RNA, Transfer
Authors & Affiliations
3 authors, click to expand affiliations / ORCID
Beagley C T
Department of Biology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City 84112, USA.
Okimoto R
Wolstenholme D R
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Article Info
Journal
Genetics
Abbr.
Genetics
ISSN
0016-6731
DOI
10.1093/genetics/148.3.1091
Published
1998-03-00
Pages
1091-108
Language
English
Region
United States
NLM ID
0374636
PMCID
PMC1460033
Subset
IM
Grants
NIGMS NIH HHS · GM-18375 · United States
Databases
GENBANK
AF000023
External Links
PubMed source DOI: 10.1093/genetics/148.3.1091 PMC Full Text View journal details
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