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PMID: 10066829 Published · ppublish English Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. Review

Bacillus subtilis spore coat.

Microbiology and molecular biology reviews : MMBR ·Vol. 63 ·No. 1 ·1999-03-00 ·Pages 1-20

Driks A

Abstract

In response to starvation, bacilli and clostridia undergo a specialized program of development that results in the production of a highly resistant dormant cell type known as the spore. A proteinacious shell, called the coat, encases the spore and plays a major role in spore survival. The coat is composed of over 25 polypeptide species, organized into several morphologically distinct layers. The mechanisms that guide coat assembly have been largely unknown until recently. We now know that proper formation of the coat relies on the genetic program that guides the synthesis of spore components during development as well as on morphogenetic proteins dedicated to coat assembly. Over 20 structural and morphogenetic genes have been cloned. In this review, we consider the contributions of the known coat and morphogenetic proteins to coat function and assembly. We present a model that describes how morphogenetic proteins direct coat assembly to the specific subcellular site of the nascent spore surface and how they establish the coat layers. We also discuss the importance of posttranslational processing of coat proteins in coat morphogenesis. Finally, we review some of the major outstanding questions in the field.

MeSH Terms
Bacillus subtilis/physiology Bacterial Proteins/physiology DNA-Binding Proteins/physiology Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial Genes, Bacterial/genetics Membrane Proteins/physiology Morphogenesis Protein Processing, Post-Translational/physiology Sigma Factor Spores, Bacterial/chemistry,genetics,physiology,ultrastructure Transcription Factors
Chemicals
Bacterial Proteins CotE protein, Bacillus subtilis DNA-Binding Proteins Membrane Proteins Sigma Factor Transcription Factors spoIIR protein, Bacillus subtilis spoVID protein, Bacillus subtilis spore-specific proteins, Bacillus
Authors & Affiliations
1 authors, click to expand affiliations / ORCID
Driks A
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, Illinois 60153, [email protected]
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Article Info
Journal
Microbiology and molecular biology reviews : MMBR
Abbr.
Microbiol Mol Biol Rev
ISSN
1092-2172
DOI
10.1128/MMBR.63.1.1-20.1999
Email
[email protected]
Published
1999-03-00
Pages
1-20
Language
English
Region
United States
NLM ID
9706653
PMCID
PMC98955
Subset
IM
Grants
NIGMS NIH HHS · GM539898 · United States
External Links
PubMed source DOI: 10.1128/MMBR.63.1.1-20.1999 PMC Full Text View journal details
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