Home LiteratureArticle Details
PMID: 10825197 Published · ppublish English Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.

Aca1 and Aca2, ATF/CREB activators in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, are important for carbon source utilization but not the response to stress.

Molecular and cellular biology ·Vol. 20 ·No. 12 ·2000-06-00 ·Pages 4340-9

Garcia-Gimeno MA, Struhl K

Abstract

In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the family of ATF/CREB transcriptional regulators consists of a repressor, Acr1 (Sko1), and two activators, Aca1 and Aca2. The AP-1 factor Gen4 does not activate transcription through ATF/CREB sites in vivo even though it binds these sites in vitro. Unlike ATF/CREB activators in other species, Aca1- and Aca2-dependent transcription is not affected by protein kinase A or by stress, and Aca1 and Aca2 are not required for Hog1-dependent salt induction of transcription through an optimal ATF/CREB site. Aca2 is important for a variety of biological functions including growth on nonoptimal carbon sources, and Aca2-dependent activation is modestly regulated by carbon source. Strains lacking Aca1 are phenotypically normal, but overexpression of Aca1 suppresses some defects associated with the loss of Aca2, indicating a functional overlap between Aca1 and Aca2. Acr1 represses transcription both by recruiting the Cyc8-Tup1 corepressor and by directly competing with Aca1 and Aca2 for target sites. Acr1 does not fully account for osmotic regulation through ATF/CREB sites, and a novel Hog1-dependent activator(s) that is not a bZIP protein is required for ATF/CREB site activation in response to high salt. In addition, Acr1 does not affect a number of phenotypes that arise from loss of Aca2. Thus, members of the S. cerevisiae ATF/CREB family have overlapping, but distinct, biological functions and target genes.

MeSH Terms
Activating Transcription Factors Amino Acid Sequence Carbon/physiology Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein/genetics Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal/physiology Molecular Sequence Data Saccharomyces cerevisiae/physiology Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins Transcription Factors/genetics,physiology
Chemicals
ACA1 protein, S cerevisiae Activating Transcription Factors CST6 protein, S cerevisiae Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins Transcription Factors Carbon
Authors & Affiliations
2 authors, click to expand affiliations / ORCID
Garcia-Gimeno M A
Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
Struhl K
References (67)
67 references, click to expand
  1. Metabolic and regulatory changes associated with growth of Saccharomyces cerevisiae in 1.4 M NaCl. Evidence for osmotic induction of glycerol dissimilation via the dihydroxyacetone pathway.
    J Biol Chem. 1997 Feb 28;272(9):5544-54 PMID: 9038161
  2. Signalling from endoplasmic reticulum to nucleus: transcription factor with a basic-leucine zipper motif is required for the unfolded protein-response pathway.
    Genes Cells. 1996 Sep;1(9):803-17 PMID: 9077435
  3. Repression by Ume6 involves recruitment of a complex containing Sin3 corepressor and Rpd3 histone deacetylase to target promoters.
    Cell. 1997 May 2;89(3):365-71 PMID: 9150136
  4. GCN4 protein, synthesized in vitro, binds HIS3 regulatory sequences: implications for general control of amino acid biosynthetic genes in yeast.
    Cell. 1985 Nov;43(1):177-88 PMID: 3907851
  5. A yeast gene that is essential for release from glucose repression encodes a protein kinase.
    Science. 1986 Sep 12;233(4769):1175-80 PMID: 3526554
  6. Functional dissection of a eukaryotic transcriptional activator protein, GCN4 of yeast.
    Cell. 1986 Sep 12;46(6):885-94 PMID: 3530496
  7. Saturation mutagenesis of the yeast his3 regulatory site: requirements for transcriptional induction and for binding by GCN4 activator protein.
    Science. 1986 Oct 24;234(4775):451-7 PMID: 3532321
  8. Cloning and characterization of BCY1, a locus encoding a regulatory subunit of the cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
    Mol Cell Biol. 1987 Apr;7(4):1371-7 PMID: 3037314
  9. The DNA-binding domains of the jun oncoprotein and the yeast GCN4 transcriptional activator protein are functionally homologous.
    Cell. 1987 Sep 11;50(6):841-6 PMID: 3040261
  10. GCN4, a eukaryotic transcriptional activator protein, binds as a dimer to target DNA.
    EMBO J. 1987 Sep;6(9):2781-4 PMID: 3678204
  11. Cyclic AMP-responsive DNA-binding protein: structure based on a cloned placental cDNA.
    Science. 1988 Dec 9;242(4884):1430-3 PMID: 2974179
  12. A family of immunologically related transcription factors that includes multiple forms of ATF and AP-1.
    Genes Dev. 1988 Oct;2(10):1216-26 PMID: 3144478
  13. A cluster of phosphorylation sites on the cyclic AMP-regulated nuclear factor CREB predicted by its sequence.
    Nature. 1989 Feb 23;337(6209):749-52 PMID: 2521922
  14. ACR1, a yeast ATF/CREB repressor.
    Mol Cell Biol. 1992 Dec;12(12):5394-405 PMID: 1448073
  15. An osmosensing signal transduction pathway in yeast.
    Science. 1993 Mar 19;259(5102):1760-3 PMID: 7681220
  16. Protein kinase A mediates growth-regulated expression of yeast ribosomal protein genes by modulating RAP1 transcriptional activity.
    Mol Cell Biol. 1994 Mar;14(3):1920-8 PMID: 8114723
  17. The UV response involving the Ras signaling pathway and AP-1 transcription factors is conserved between yeast and mammals.
    Cell. 1994 May 6;77(3):381-90 PMID: 8181058
  18. A two-component system that regulates an osmosensing MAP kinase cascade in yeast.
    Nature. 1994 May 19;369(6477):242-5 PMID: 8183345
  19. Functional dissection of the yeast Cyc8-Tup1 transcriptional co-repressor complex.
    Nature. 1994 Jun 30;369(6483):758-61 PMID: 8008070
  20. The WD repeats of Tup1 interact with the homeo domain protein alpha 2.
    Genes Dev. 1994 Dec 1;8(23):2857-67 PMID: 7995523
  21. Hac1: a novel yeast bZIP protein binding to the CRE motif is a multicopy suppressor for cdc10 mutant of Schizosaccharomyces pombe.
    Nucleic Acids Res. 1994 Dec 11;22(24):5279-88 PMID: 7816617
  22. Transcription factor ATF2 regulation by the JNK signal transduction pathway.
    Science. 1995 Jan 20;267(5196):389-93 PMID: 7824938
  23. Transcriptional regulation by cyclic AMP.
    Annu Rev Biochem. 1997;66:807-22 PMID: 9242925
  24. Yap, a novel family of eight bZIP proteins in Saccharomyces cerevisiae with distinct biological functions.
    Mol Cell Biol. 1997 Dec;17(12):6982-93 PMID: 9372930
  25. Transcription factor Mts1/Mts2 (Atf1/Pcr1, Gad7/Pcr1) activates the M26 meiotic recombination hotspot in Schizosaccharomyces pombe.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1997 Dec 9;94(25):13765-70 PMID: 9391101
  26. Nuclear localization of the C2H2 zinc finger protein Msn2p is regulated by stress and protein kinase A activity.
    Genes Dev. 1998 Feb 15;12(4):586-97 PMID: 9472026
  27. CREB and memory.
    Annu Rev Neurosci. 1998;21:127-48 PMID: 9530494
  28. Yeast putative transcription factors involved in salt tolerance.
    FEBS Lett. 1998 Mar 27;425(2):323-8 PMID: 9559673
  29. The activation specificities of wild-type and mutant Gcn4p in vivo can be different from the DNA binding specificities of the corresponding bZip peptides in vitro.
    J Mol Biol. 1998 Mar 13;276(5):887-902 PMID: 9566194
  30. Phosphorylation and association with the transcription factor Atf1 regulate localization of Spc1/Sty1 stress-activated kinase in fission yeast.
    Genes Dev. 1998 May 15;12(10):1464-73 PMID: 9585506
  31. Yeast coactivator MBF1 mediates GCN4-dependent transcriptional activation.
    Mol Cell Biol. 1998 Sep;18(9):4971-6 PMID: 9710580
  32. CREB1 encodes a nuclear activator, a repressor, and a cytoplasmic modulator that form a regulatory unit critical for long-term facilitation.
    Cell. 1998 Oct 16;95(2):211-23 PMID: 9790528
  33. The mating-type proteins of fission yeast induce meiosis by directly activating mei3 transcription.
    Mol Cell Biol. 1998 Dec;18(12):7317-26 PMID: 9819418
  34. Regulation of the Mts1-Mts2-dependent ade6-M26 meiotic recombination hot spot and developmental decisions by the Spc1 mitogen-activated protein kinase of fission yeast.
    Mol Cell Biol. 1998 Dec;18(12):7575-83 PMID: 9819443
  35. Repressors and upstream repressing sequences of the stress-regulated ENA1 gene in Saccharomyces cerevisiae: bZIP protein Sko1p confers HOG-dependent osmotic regulation.
    Mol Cell Biol. 1999 Jan;19(1):537-46 PMID: 9858577
  36. Three genes whose expression is induced by stress in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
    Yeast. 1999 Jul;15(10A):879-92 PMID: 10407268
  37. Osmotic stress-induced gene expression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae requires Msn1p and the novel nuclear factor Hot1p.
    Mol Cell Biol. 1999 Aug;19(8):5474-85 PMID: 10409737
  38. Distinct TPR motifs of Cyc8 are involved in recruiting the Cyc8-Tup1 corepressor complex to differentially regulated promoters.
    Genes Dev. 1995 Apr 1;9(7):821-31 PMID: 7705659
  39. Repression by SSN6-TUP1 is directed by MIG1, a repressor/activator protein.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1995 Apr 11;92(8):3132-6 PMID: 7724528
  40. ATF-2 is preferentially activated by stress-activated protein kinases to mediate c-jun induction in response to genotoxic agents.
    EMBO J. 1995 Apr 18;14(8):1798-811 PMID: 7737130
  41. Multiple elements and auto-repression regulate Rox1, a repressor of hypoxic genes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
    Genetics. 1995 Mar;139(3):1149-58 PMID: 7768429
  42. Determinants of half-site spacing preferences that distinguish AP-1 and ATF/CREB bZIP domains.
    Nucleic Acids Res. 1995 Jul 11;23(13):2531-7 PMID: 7630732
  43. Mutational analysis of Rox1, a DNA-bending repressor of hypoxic genes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
    Mol Cell Biol. 1995 Nov;15(11):6109-17 PMID: 7565763
  44. Schizosaccharomyces pombe atf1+ encodes a transcription factor required for sexual development and entry into stationary phase.
    EMBO J. 1995 Dec 15;14(24):6193-208 PMID: 8557039
  45. Chondrodysplasia and neurological abnormalities in ATF-2-deficient mice.
    Nature. 1996 Jan 18;379(6562):262-5 PMID: 8538792
  46. Schizosaccharomyces pombe pcr1+ encodes a CREB/ATF protein involved in regulation of gene expression for sexual development.
    Mol Cell Biol. 1996 Feb;16(2):704-11 PMID: 8552099
  47. Molecular and genetic analysis of the toxic effect of RAP1 overexpression in yeast.
    Genetics. 1995 Dec;141(4):1253-62 PMID: 8601471
  48. Adaptive inducibility of CREM as transcriptional memory of circadian rhythms.
    Nature. 1996 May 2;381(6577):83-5 PMID: 8609995
  49. Multiple transduction pathways regulate the sodium-extrusion gene PMR2/ENA1 during salt stress in yeast.
    FEBS Lett. 1996 Mar 11;382(1-2):89-92 PMID: 8612770
  50. The Saccharomyces cerevisiae zinc finger proteins Msn2p and Msn4p are required for transcriptional induction through the stress response element (STRE).
    EMBO J. 1996 May 1;15(9):2227-35 PMID: 8641288
  51. A heteromeric complex containing the centromere binding factor 1 and two basic leucine zipper factors, Met4 and Met28, mediates the transcription activation of yeast sulfur metabolism.
    EMBO J. 1996 May 15;15(10):2519-29 PMID: 8665859
  52. Absolute mRNA levels and transcriptional initiation rates in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1996 May 28;93(11):5208-12 PMID: 8643554
  53. Msn2p, a zinc finger DNA-binding protein, is the transcriptional activator of the multistress response in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1996 Jun 11;93(12):5777-82 PMID: 8650168
  54. Reduction of morphine abstinence in mice with a mutation in the gene encoding CREB.
    Science. 1996 Aug 2;273(5275):657-9 PMID: 8662559
  55. Conjugation, meiosis, and the osmotic stress response are regulated by Spc1 kinase through Atf1 transcription factor in fission yeast.
    Genes Dev. 1996 Sep 15;10(18):2276-88 PMID: 8824587
  56. The Atf1 transcription factor is a target for the Sty1 stress-activated MAP kinase pathway in fission yeast.
    Genes Dev. 1996 Sep 15;10(18):2289-301 PMID: 8824588
  57. A novel mechanism for regulating activity of a transcription factor that controls the unfolded protein response.
    Cell. 1996 Nov 1;87(3):391-404 PMID: 8898193
  58. tRNA ligase is required for regulated mRNA splicing in the unfolded protein response.
    Cell. 1996 Nov 1;87(3):405-13 PMID: 8898194
  59. Transcription factor ATF cDNA clones: an extensive family of leucine zipper proteins able to selectively form DNA-binding heterodimers.
    Genes Dev. 1989 Dec;3(12B):2083-90 PMID: 2516827
  60. Oncogenic transformation by vrel requires an amino-terminal activation domain.
    Mol Cell Biol. 1990 Jun;10(6):2840-7 PMID: 2111443
  61. A specific member of the ATF transcription factor family can mediate transcription activation by the adenovirus E1a protein.
    Cell. 1990 Jun 29;61(7):1217-24 PMID: 2142019
  62. Mutations that define the optimal half-site for binding yeast GCN4 activator protein and identify an ATF/CREB-like repressor that recognizes similar DNA sites.
    Mol Cell Biol. 1990 Oct;10(10):5077-86 PMID: 2204805
  63. Reverse biochemistry: methods and applications for synthesizing yeast proteins in vitro.
    Methods Enzymol. 1991;194:520-35 PMID: 2005806
  64. Cross-family dimerization of transcription factors Fos/Jun and ATF/CREB alters DNA binding specificity.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1991 May 1;88(9):3720-4 PMID: 1827203
  65. Developmental switch of CREM function during spermatogenesis: from antagonist to activator.
    Nature. 1992 Jan 2;355(6355):80-4 PMID: 1370576
  66. Ssn6-Tup1 is a general repressor of transcription in yeast.
    Cell. 1992 Feb 21;68(4):709-19 PMID: 1739976
  67. Yeast SKO1 gene encodes a bZIP protein that binds to the CRE motif and acts as a repressor of transcription.
    Nucleic Acids Res. 1992 Oct 25;20(20):5271-8 PMID: 1437546
Article Info
Journal
Molecular and cellular biology
Abbr.
Mol Cell Biol
ISSN
0270-7306
DOI
10.1128/MCB.20.12.4340-4349.2000
Published
2000-06-00
Pages
4340-9
Language
English
Region
United States
NLM ID
8109087
PMCID
PMC85801
Subset
IM
Grants
NIGMS NIH HHS · GM30186 · United States
NIGMS NIH HHS · GM53720 · United States
NIGMS NIH HHS · R01 GM030186 · United States
NIGMS NIH HHS · R37 GM030186 · United States
NIGMS NIH HHS · R01 GM053720 · United States
External Links
PubMed source DOI: 10.1128/MCB.20.12.4340-4349.2000 PMC Full Text View journal details
Analysis Services
Analysis Services

Contact

No. 2 Wenbo Road, Zhangqiu District, Jinan, Shandong

Qilu Normal University · Genelibs Bioinformatics Lab

750 Shunhua Rd, Jinan

2F, Bldg F, University Science Park

Tel: 0531-88819269

WeChat Official Account

Follow our WeChat subscription account for real-time updates and the latest in medical and biological research.


Business Email

E-mail: [email protected]

Copyright © 2026.Genelibs Jinan Honghui Biotechnology Co., Ltd. 鲁ICP备20007159号-2