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PMID: 15181213 Published · ppublish English Comparative Study Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.

The transcriptional innate immune response to flg22. Interplay and overlap with Avr gene-dependent defense responses and bacterial pathogenesis.

Plant physiology ·Vol. 135 ·No. 2 ·2004-06-00 ·Pages 1113-28

Navarro L, Zipfel C, Rowland O, Keller I, Robatzek S, Boller T, Jones JD

Abstract

Animals and plants carry recognition systems to sense bacterial flagellin. Flagellin perception in Arabidopsis involves FLS2, a Leu-rich-repeat receptor kinase. We surveyed the early transcriptional response of Arabidopsis cell cultures and seedlings within 60 min of treatment with flg22, a peptide corresponding to the most conserved domain of flagellin. Using Affymetrix microarrays, approximately 3.0% of 8,200 genes displayed transcript level changes in flg22 elicited suspension cultures and seedlings. FLARE (Flagellin Rapidly Elicited) genes mostly encode signaling components, such as transcription factors, protein kinases/phosphatases, and proteins that regulate protein turnover. Approximately 80% of flg22-induced genes were also up-regulated in Arabidopsis seedlings treated with cycloheximide. This suggests that many FLARE genes are negatively regulated by rapidly turned-over repressor proteins. Twenty-one tobacco Avr9/Cf-9 rapidly elicited (ACRE) cDNA full-length sequences were used to search for their Arabidopsis orthologs (AtACRE). We identified either single or multiple putative orthologs for 17 ACRE genes. For 13 of these ACRE genes, at least one Arabidopsis ortholog was induced in flg22-elicited Arabidopsis suspension cells and seedlings. This result revealed a substantial overlap between the Arabidopsis flg22 response and the tobacco Avr9 race-specific defense response. We also compared FLARE gene sets and genes induced in basal or gene-for-gene interactions upon different Pseudomonas syringae treatments, and infer that Pseudomonas syringae pv tomato represses the flagellin-initiated defense response.

MeSH Terms
Arabidopsis/genetics,growth & development,microbiology Arabidopsis Proteins/genetics,metabolism Bacteria/genetics,growth & development,pathogenicity Bacterial Proteins/genetics,metabolism Cells, Cultured Cycloheximide/pharmacology Flagellin/genetics,metabolism Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental/drug effects Gene Expression Regulation, Plant/drug effects Immunity, Innate/genetics Molecular Sequence Data Plant Diseases/genetics,microbiology Plant Proteins/genetics,metabolism Pseudomonas syringae/genetics,growth & development,pathogenicity Tobacco/genetics,growth & development,microbiology Transcription, Genetic/genetics
Chemicals
Arabidopsis Proteins Bacterial Proteins Plant Proteins Flagellin Cycloheximide
Authors & Affiliations
7 authors, click to expand affiliations / ORCID
Navarro Lionel
The Sainsbury Laboratory, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, United Kingdom.
Zipfel Cyril
Rowland Owen
Keller Ingo
Robatzek Silke
Boller Thomas
Jones Jonathan D G
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Article Info
Journal
Plant physiology
Abbr.
Plant Physiol
ISSN
0032-0889
DOI
10.1104/pp.103.036749
Published
2004-06-00
Epub
2004-00-04
Pages
1113-28
Language
English
Region
United States
NLM ID
0401224
PMCID
PMC514144
Subset
IM
Databases
GENBANK
AY220477, AY220478, AY220479, AY220480, AY220481, AY220482, AY220483, AY220484, AY220485
External Links
PubMed source DOI: 10.1104/pp.103.036749 PMC Full Text View journal details
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