Home LiteratureArticle Details
PMID: 1659571 Published · ppublish English Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Structural features of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II revealed by electron microscopy.

The Journal of cell biology ·Vol. 115 ·No. 4 ·1991-11-00 ·Pages 1049-60

Kanaseki T, Ikeuchi Y, Sugiura H, Yamauchi T

Abstract

The molecular conformation of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaM kinase II) from the rat forebrain and cerebellum was studied by means of EM using a quick-freezing technique. Each molecule appeared to be composed of two kinds of particles, with one larger central particle and smaller peripheral particles and had shapes resembling that of a flower with 8 or 10 "petals". A favorable shadowing revealed that each peripheral particle had a thin link to the central particle. We predicted that the 8-petal molecules and 10-petal molecules were octamers and decamers of CaM kinase II subunits, respectively, each assembled with the association domains of subunits gathered in the center, and the catalytic domains in the peripheral particles. Binding of antibodies to the enzyme molecules suggested that molecules with 8 and 10 peripheral particles were homopolymers composed only of beta subunit and of alpha subunit, respectively, specifying that CaM kinase II consists of homopolymer of either alpha or beta subunits.

MeSH Terms
Animals Antibodies, Monoclonal Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases Cerebellum/enzymology Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel Microscopy, Electron Prosencephalon/enzymology Protein Conformation Protein Kinases/metabolism,ultrastructure Rats Substrate Specificity
Chemicals
Antibodies, Monoclonal Protein Kinases Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases
Authors & Affiliations
4 authors, click to expand affiliations / ORCID
Kanaseki T
Department of Cell Biology, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Neuroscience, Japan.
Ikeuchi Y
Sugiura H
Yamauchi T
References (41)
41 references, click to expand
  1. Expression and characterization of calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II from cloned cDNAs in Chinese hamster ovary cells.
    J Biol Chem. 1989 Nov 15;264(32):19108-16 PMID: 2553731
  2. Cleavage of structural proteins during the assembly of the head of bacteriophage T4.
    Nature. 1970 Aug 15;227(5259):680-5 PMID: 5432063
  3. Regulation of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II by Ca2+/calmodulin-independent autophosphorylation.
    J Biol Chem. 1988 Dec 15;263(35):19232-9 PMID: 2848818
  4. Molecular cloning of the cDNA encoding the third polypeptide (gamma) of brain calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II.
    J Biol Chem. 1988 Nov 5;263(31):16082-6 PMID: 2846534
  5. Cell-specific localization of the alpha-subunit of calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II in Purkinje cells in rodent cerebellum.
    Brain Res. 1988 Nov;464(3):233-42 PMID: 2850084
  6. Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II.
    Biochem J. 1989 Mar 1;258(2):313-25 PMID: 2539803
  7. Developmental changes in calmodulin-kinase II activity at brain synaptic junctions: alterations in holoenzyme composition.
    J Neurochem. 1987 Dec;49(6):1927-40 PMID: 2824699
  8. Functional analysis of a complementary DNA for the 50-kilodalton subunit of calmodulin kinase II.
    Science. 1987 Jul 17;237(4812):293-7 PMID: 3037704
  9. Two developmentally regulated isoenzymes of calmodulin-stimulated protein kinase II in rat forebrain.
    J Neurochem. 1988 Mar;50(3):945-53 PMID: 2828551
  10. Autophosphorylation reversibly regulates the Ca2+/calmodulin-dependence of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986 Jun;83(12):4253-7 PMID: 3012560
  11. Regulation of brain type II Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase by autophosphorylation: a Ca2+-triggered molecular switch.
    Cell. 1986 Mar 28;44(6):861-70 PMID: 3006921
  12. Phosphorylation-dependent subcellular translocation of a Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase produces an autonomous enzyme in Aplysia neurons.
    J Cell Biol. 1985 Mar;100(3):835-42 PMID: 2982886
  13. Protein kinases in the brain.
    Annu Rev Biochem. 1985;54:931-76 PMID: 2411213
  14. A retinal calmodulin-dependent kinase: calcium/calmodulin-stimulated and -inhibited states.
    J Neurochem. 1988 May;50(5):1438-46 PMID: 3361303
  15. Molecular cloning of a brain-specific calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1987 Aug;84(16):5962-6 PMID: 3475713
  16. Deduced primary structure of the beta subunit of brain type II Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase determined by molecular cloning.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1987 Apr;84(7):1794-8 PMID: 3470758
  17. Activation of the multifunctional Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase by autophosphorylation: ATP modulates production of an autonomous enzyme.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986 Dec;83(24):9497-501 PMID: 3467320
  18. Reversible generation of a Ca2+-independent form of Ca2+(calmodulin)-dependent protein kinase II by an autophosphorylation mechanism.
    J Biol Chem. 1986 Jul 5;261(19):8581-4 PMID: 3722161
  19. Distinct forebrain and cerebellar isozymes of type II Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase associate differently with the postsynaptic density fraction.
    J Biol Chem. 1985 Jul 25;260(15):9039-46 PMID: 4019461
  20. Mechanism of autophosphorylation of the multifunctional Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase.
    J Biol Chem. 1985 May 25;260(10):6427-33 PMID: 3997831
  21. Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II. Isozymic forms from rat forebrain and cerebellum.
    J Biol Chem. 1985 Feb 10;260(3):1696-704 PMID: 3968085
  22. Expression of a catalytically active polypeptide of calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II alpha subunit in Escherichia coli.
    Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1990 Jul 31;170(2):705-12 PMID: 2166503
  23. Protein kinases. Regulation by autoinhibitory domains.
    J Biol Chem. 1990 Feb 5;265(4):1823-6 PMID: 2404972
  24. Most of the Ca2+-dependent endogenous phosphorylation of rat brain cytosol proteins requires Ca2+-dependent regulation protein.
    Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1979 Oct 29;90(4):1172-8 PMID: 518591
  25. Purification and characterization of a calmodulin-dependent protein kinase that is highly concentrated in brain.
    J Biol Chem. 1983 Oct 25;258(20):12735-44 PMID: 6313675
  26. Purification and characterization of a calmodulin-dependent kinase from rat brain cytosol able to phosphorylate tubulin and microtubule-associated proteins.
    J Biol Chem. 1983 Oct 25;258(20):12632-40 PMID: 6313669
  27. The calmodulin-dependent glycogen synthase kinase from rabbit skeletal muscle. Purification, subunit structure and substrate specificity.
    Eur J Biochem. 1983 Nov 15;136(3):481-7 PMID: 6315430
  28. The role of protein phosphorylation in neural and hormonal control of cellular activity.
    Nature. 1982 Apr 15;296(5858):613-20 PMID: 6280056
  29. Procedure for freeze-drying molecules adsorbed to mica flakes.
    J Mol Biol. 1983 Sep 5;169(1):155-95 PMID: 6684695
  30. Purification and characterization of the brain calmodulin-dependent protein kinase (kinase II), which is involved in the activation of tryptophan 5-monooxygenase.
    Eur J Biochem. 1983 Apr 15;132(1):15-21 PMID: 6840077
  31. Two calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinases, which are highly concentrated in brain, phosphorylate protein I at distinct sites.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1981 Feb;78(2):1293-7 PMID: 6785753
  32. Evidence for three distinct forms of calmodulin-dependent protein kinases from rat brain.
    FEBS Lett. 1980 Jul 28;116(2):141-4 PMID: 7409141
  33. Large-scale purification and characterization of calmodulin from ram testis: its metal-ion-dependent conformers.
    Biochim Biophys Acta. 1980 Aug 1;631(1):139-47 PMID: 7397242
  34. Ca2+-dependent protein phosphorylation system in membranes from various tissues, and its activation by "calcium-dependent regulator".
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1978 Nov;75(11):5432-6 PMID: 214787
  35. Physicochemical properties of rat testis Ca2+-dependent regulator protein of cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase. Relationship of Ca2+-binding, conformational changes, and phosphodiesterase activity.
    J Biol Chem. 1977 Dec 10;252(23):8415-22 PMID: 200611
  36. Electrophoretic transfer of proteins from polyacrylamide gels to nitrocellulose sheets: procedure and some applications.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1979 Sep;76(9):4350-4 PMID: 388439
  37. Stimulation of Ca2+-dependent neurotransmitter release and presynaptic nerve terminal protein phosphorylation by calmodulin and a calmodulin-like protein isolated from synaptic vesicles.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1979 Apr;76(4):1838-42 PMID: 287024
  38. Derivation of specific antibody-producing tissue culture and tumor lines by cell fusion.
    Eur J Immunol. 1976 Jul;6(7):511-9 PMID: 825377
  39. Conformational parameters for amino acids in helical, beta-sheet, and random coil regions calculated from proteins.
    Biochemistry. 1974 Jan 15;13(2):211-22 PMID: 4358939
  40. The role of calcium in the release of neurotransmitter substances and hormones.
    Pharmacol Rev. 1970 Sep;22(3):389-428 PMID: 4322219
  41. Tissue-specific expression of four types of rat calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II mRNAs.
    J Biol Chem. 1989 Oct 25;264(30):17907-12 PMID: 2553697
Article Info
Journal
The Journal of cell biology
Abbr.
J Cell Biol
ISSN
0021-9525
Published
1991-11-00
Pages
1049-60
Language
English
Region
United States
NLM ID
0375356
PMCID
PMC2289961
Subset
IM
Analysis Services
Analysis Services

Contact

No. 2 Wenbo Road, Zhangqiu District, Jinan, Shandong

Qilu Normal University · Genelibs Bioinformatics Lab

750 Shunhua Rd, Jinan

2F, Bldg F, University Science Park

Tel: 0531-88819269

WeChat Official Account

Follow our WeChat subscription account for real-time updates and the latest in medical and biological research.


Business Email

E-mail: [email protected]