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PMID: 19504256 Published · ppublish English Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.

Non-Mendelian regulation and allelic variation of methionine-rich delta-zein genes in maize.

TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik ·Vol. 119 ·No. 4 ·2009-08-00 ·Pages 721-31

Wu Y, Goettel W, Messing J

Abstract

Sufficient methionine levels in the seed are critical for the supply of a balanced diet for feed and food. Currently, animal feed is supplemented with chemically synthesized methionine, which could be completely replaced with naturally synthesized methionine. However, insufficient levels of methionine are due to alleles of two genes in the maize genome that are expressed during seed development, which have a high percentage of methionine codons, ranging from 23 to 28%, while free methionine is very low. The two genes, dzs10 and dzs18, belong to the prolamin gene family that arose during the evolution of the grasses and were duplicated during a whole genome duplication event. We have found several dzs10 and dzs18 null alleles caused either by transposon insertion or frame shift mutations. Maize seeds with null mutations of both genes have a normal phenotype in contrast to other prolamin genes, explaining the accumulation of methionine deficiency in normal breeding efforts. Moreover, the trans-regulation of these genes deviates from Mendelian inheritance. One allele of the regulatory locus dzr1 is inherited in a parent-of-origin fashion, while another allele appears to prevent Mendelian segregation of the high-methionine phenotype in backcrosses.

MeSH Terms
Alleles Base Sequence Crosses, Genetic Gene Expression Regulation, Plant Genes, Plant Genotype Hybridization, Genetic Inbreeding Inheritance Patterns Methionine/metabolism Molecular Sequence Data Mutation/genetics Phenotype RNA, Messenger/genetics,metabolism Sequence Alignment Zea mays/genetics Zein/genetics,metabolism
Chemicals
RNA, Messenger Zein Methionine
Authors & Affiliations
3 authors, click to expand affiliations / ORCID
Wu Yongrui
Waksman Institute of Microbiology, Rutgers University, 190 Frelinghuysen Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA.
Goettel Wolfgang
Messing Joachim
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Article Info
Journal
TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik
Abbr.
Theor Appl Genet
ISSN
1432-2242
DOI
10.1007/s00122-009-1083-5
Published
2009-08-00
Epub
2009-00-07
Pages
721-31
Language
English
Region
Germany
NLM ID
0145600
Subset
IM
External Links
PubMed source DOI: 10.1007/s00122-009-1083-5 View journal details
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