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PMID: 2041086 Published · ppublish English Journal Article Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.

Molecular characterization of the vaccinia virus hemagglutinin gene.

Journal of virology ·Vol. 65 ·No. 7 ·1991-07-00 ·Pages 3598-606

Brown CK, Turner PC, Moyer RW

Abstract

The vaccinia virus hemagglutinin (HA) is a glycoprotein found on the plasma membrane of infected cells and the envelope of extracellular virus. Two forms of HA (85 and 68 kDa) are detected by immunoblot analysis. Although hemagglutination activity is only readily detectable late in infection, the 85-kDa HA appears early and accumulates throughout infection, whereas the 68-kDa form appears only late in the cycle. Production of the 68-kDa HA but not the 85-kDa HA was inhibited by either cytosine arabinoside or rifampin. Analysis of HA gene expression reveals a complex pattern of expression. The HA gene is transcribed early to yield a 1.65-kb dicistronic early transcript, consisting of the 945-bp HA open reading frame (ORF) fused to a 453-bp downstream ORF. Transcription from this site initiates 7 bases upstream of the AUG initiating codon of the HA ORF. Due to the discrepancy between the calculated size of the HA protein (33 kDa) and that reported for the unglycosylated HA protein derived from in vitro translation (58 kDa), we placed an early transcription termination signal (TTTTTAT) directly downstream of the 945-bp HA ORF. This led to a reduction in size of the early HA mRNA to 1.2 kb, as expected, but had no effect on the formation of either the 85- or 68-kDa protein. Transcripts originating from the early promoter are found throughout the infection cycle. However, after DNA replication, transcription from a second, late promoter ensues. The transcriptional start site of the late promoter is within a consensus TAAATG sequence located 135 bases upstream of the transcriptional start site of the first promoter. The late transcriptional start site is also found within an upstream ORF.

MeSH Terms
Amino Acid Sequence Base Sequence Blotting, Northern Blotting, Western Gene Expression Regulation, Viral Genes, Viral Hemagglutinins, Viral/genetics,immunology Molecular Sequence Data Promoter Regions, Genetic RNA, Messenger/genetics RNA, Viral/genetics Restriction Mapping Time Factors Transcription, Genetic Vaccinia virus/genetics Viral Structural Proteins/genetics
Chemicals
Hemagglutinins, Viral RNA, Messenger RNA, Viral Viral Structural Proteins
Authors & Affiliations
3 authors, click to expand affiliations / ORCID
Brown C K
Department of Immunology and Medical Microbiology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville 32610-0266.
Turner P C
Moyer R W
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Article Info
Journal
Journal of virology
Abbr.
J Virol
ISSN
0022-538X
DOI
10.1128/JVI.65.7.3598-3606.1991
Published
1991-07-00
Pages
3598-606
Language
English
Region
United States
NLM ID
0113724
PMCID
PMC241363
Subset
IM
Grants
NIAID NIH HHS · AI 15722 · United States
External Links
PubMed source DOI: 10.1128/JVI.65.7.3598-3606.1991 PMC Full Text View journal details
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