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PMID: 23283302 Published · ppublish English Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Review

Insights into the mechanisms of sterol transport between organelles.

Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS ·Vol. 70 ·No. 18 ·2013-09-00 ·Pages 3405-21

Mesmin B, Antonny B, Drin G

Abstract

In cells, the levels of sterol vary greatly among organelles. This uneven distribution depends largely on non-vesicular routes of transfer, which are mediated by soluble carriers called lipid-transfer proteins (LTPs). These proteins have a domain with a hydrophobic cavity that accommodates one sterol molecule. However, a demonstration of their role in sterol transport in cells remains difficult. Numerous LTPs also contain membrane-binding elements, but it is not clear how these LTPs couple their ability to target organelles with lipid transport activity. This issue appears critical, since many sterol transporters are thought to act at contact sites between two membrane-bound compartments. Here, we emphasize that biochemical and structural studies provide precious insights into the mode of action of sterol-binding proteins. Recent studies on START, Osh/ORP and NPC proteins suggest models on how these proteins could transport sterol between organelles and, thereby, influence cellular functions.

MeSH Terms
Animals Binding Sites Biological Transport Carrier Proteins/metabolism Cell Membrane/metabolism Cholesterol/metabolism Endoplasmic Reticulum/metabolism Endosomes/metabolism Exocytosis Humans Lysosomes/metabolism Membrane Proteins/metabolism Membrane Transport Proteins/metabolism Mitochondria/metabolism Models, Molecular Organelles/metabolism Protein Conformation Receptors, Steroid/metabolism Saccharomyces cerevisiae Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins/metabolism Sterols/metabolism
Chemicals
Carrier Proteins KES1 protein, S cerevisiae Membrane Proteins Membrane Transport Proteins Receptors, Steroid Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins Sterols lipid transfer protein Cholesterol
Authors & Affiliations
3 authors, click to expand affiliations / ORCID
Mesmin Bruno
Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis and CNRS, 660 Route des lucioles, 06560, Valbonne, France.
Antonny Bruno
Drin Guillaume
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Article Info
Journal
Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS
Abbr.
Cell Mol Life Sci
ISSN
1420-9071
DOI
10.1007/s00018-012-1247-3
Published
2013-09-00
Epub
2013-00-03
Pages
3405-21
Language
English
Region
Switzerland
NLM ID
9705402
Subset
IM
External Links
PubMed source DOI: 10.1007/s00018-012-1247-3 View journal details
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