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PMID: 23789941 Published · ppublish English Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Hd16, a gene for casein kinase I, is involved in the control of rice flowering time by modulating the day-length response.

The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology ·Vol. 76 ·No. 1 ·2013-10-00 ·Pages 36-46

Hori K, Ogiso-Tanaka E, Matsubara K, Yamanouchi U, Ebana K, Yano M

Abstract

The alteration of photoperiod sensitivity has let breeders diversify flowering time in Oryza sativa (rice) and develop cultivars adjusted to a range of growing season periods. Map-based cloning revealed that the rice flowering-time quantitative trait locus (QTL) Heading date 16 (Hd16) encodes a casein kinase-I protein. One non-synonymous substitution in Hd16 resulted in decreased photoperiod sensitivity in rice, and this substitution occurred naturally in an old rice cultivar. By using near-isogenic lines with functional or deficient alleles of several rice flowering-time genes, we observed significant digenetic interactions between Hd16 and four other flowering-time genes (Ghd7, Hd1, DTH8 and Hd2). In a near-isogenic line with the weak-photoperiod-sensitivity allele of Hd16, transcription levels of Ehd1, Hd3a, and RFT1 increased under long-day conditions, and transcription levels of Hd3a and RFT1 decreased under short-day conditions. Expression analysis under continuous light and dark conditions showed that Hd16 was not likely to be associated with circadian clock regulation. Biochemical characterization indicated that the functional Hd16 recombinant protein specifically phosphorylated Ghd7. These results demonstrate that Hd16 acts as an inhibitor in the rice flowering pathway by enhancing the photoperiod response as a result of the phosphorylation of Ghd7.

Keywords
Oryza sativa L. casein kinase I flowering time natural variation photoperiod sensitivity
MeSH Terms
Alleles Casein Kinase I/genetics,metabolism Chromosome Mapping Circadian Rhythm Flowers/enzymology,genetics,physiology,radiation effects Gene Expression Regulation, Plant Light Models, Molecular Oryza/enzymology,genetics,physiology,radiation effects Phosphorylation Photoperiod Plant Proteins/genetics,metabolism Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide Quantitative Trait Loci/genetics Recombinant Proteins Seasons Transcription Factors/genetics,metabolism Two-Hybrid System Techniques
Chemicals
Plant Proteins Recombinant Proteins Transcription Factors Casein Kinase I
Authors & Affiliations
6 authors, click to expand affiliations / ORCID
Hori Kiyosumi
National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, 2-1-2 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8602, Japan.
Ogiso-Tanaka Eri
Matsubara Kazuki
Yamanouchi Utako
Ebana Kaworu
Yano Masahiro
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Article Info
Journal
The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology
Abbr.
Plant J
ISSN
1365-313X
DOI
10.1111/tpj.12268
Published
2013-10-00
Epub
2013-00-25
Pages
36-46
Language
English
Region
England
NLM ID
9207397
PMCID
PMC4223384
Subset
IM
External Links
PubMed source DOI: 10.1111/tpj.12268 PMC Full Text View journal details
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