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PMID: 23804152 Published · ppublish English Journal Article Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.

Nitrite oxidation in the upper water column and oxygen minimum zone of the eastern tropical North Pacific Ocean.

The ISME journal ·Vol. 7 ·No. 11 ·2013-11-00 ·Pages 2192-205

Beman JM, Leilei Shih J, Popp BN

Abstract

Nitrogen (N) is an essential nutrient in the sea and its distribution is controlled by microorganisms. Within the N cycle, nitrite (NO2(-)) has a central role because its intermediate redox state allows both oxidation and reduction, and so it may be used by several coupled and/or competing microbial processes. In the upper water column and oxygen minimum zone (OMZ) of the eastern tropical North Pacific Ocean (ETNP), we investigated aerobic NO2(-) oxidation, and its relationship to ammonia (NH3) oxidation, using rate measurements, quantification of NO2(-)-oxidizing bacteria via quantitative PCR (QPCR), and pyrosequencing. (15)NO2(-) oxidation rates typically exhibited two subsurface maxima at six stations sampled: one located below the euphotic zone and beneath NH3 oxidation rate maxima, and another within the OMZ. (15)NO2(-) oxidation rates were highest where dissolved oxygen concentrations were <5 μM, where NO2(-) accumulated, and when nitrate (NO3(-)) reductase genes were expressed; they are likely sustained by NO3(-) reduction at these depths. QPCR and pyrosequencing data were strongly correlated (r(2)=0.79), and indicated that Nitrospina bacteria numbered up to 9.25% of bacterial communities. Different Nitrospina groups were distributed across different depth ranges, suggesting significant ecological diversity within Nitrospina as a whole. Across the data set, (15)NO2(-) oxidation rates were decoupled from (15)NH4(+) oxidation rates, but correlated with Nitrospina (r(2)=0.246, P<0.05) and NO2(-) concentrations (r(2)=0.276, P<0.05). Our findings suggest that Nitrospina have a quantitatively important role in NO2(-) oxidation and N cycling in the ETNP, and provide new insight into their ecology and interactions with other N-cycling processes in this biogeochemically important region of the ocean.

MeSH Terms
Ammonia/metabolism Bacteria/genetics,metabolism Biodiversity Molecular Sequence Data Nitrites/metabolism Nitrogen/metabolism Oxidation-Reduction Oxygen/analysis,metabolism Pacific Ocean RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics Seawater/chemistry,microbiology
Chemicals
Nitrites RNA, Ribosomal, 16S Ammonia Nitrogen Oxygen
Authors & Affiliations
3 authors, click to expand affiliations / ORCID
Beman J Michael
Life and Environmental Sciences and Sierra Nevada Research Institute, University of California, Merced, Merced, CA, USA.
Leilei Shih Joy
Popp Brian N
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Article Info
Journal
The ISME journal
Abbr.
ISME J
ISSN
1751-7370
DOI
10.1038/ismej.2013.96
Published
2013-11-00
Epub
2013-00-27
Pages
2192-205
Language
English
Region
England
NLM ID
101301086
PMCID
PMC3806268
Subset
IM
Databases
GENBANK
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PubMed source DOI: 10.1038/ismej.2013.96 PMC Full Text View journal details
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