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PMID: 24517464 Published · ppublish English Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Review

Insights into the physiological function of the β-amyloid precursor protein: beyond Alzheimer's disease.

Journal of neurochemistry ·Vol. 129 ·No. 5 ·2014-06-00 ·Pages 756-69

Dawkins E, Small DH

Abstract

The β-amyloid precursor protein (APP) has been extensively studied for its role as the precursor of the β-amyloid protein (Aβ) of Alzheimer's disease. However, the normal function of APP remains largely unknown. This article reviews studies on the structure, expression and post-translational processing of APP, as well as studies on the effects of APP in vitro and in vivo. We conclude that the published data provide strong evidence that APP has a trophic function. APP is likely to be involved in neural stem cell development, neuronal survival, neurite outgrowth and neurorepair. However, the mechanisms by which APP exerts its actions remain to be elucidated. The available evidence suggests that APP interacts both intracellularly and extracellularly to regulate various signal transduction mechanisms. This article reviews studies on the structure, expression and post-translational processing of β-amyloid precursor protein (APP), as well as studies on the effects of APP in vitro and in vivo. We conclude that the published data provide strong evidence that APP has a trophic function. APP is likely to be involved in neural stem cell development, neuronal survival, neurite outgrowth and neurorepair. However, the mechanisms by which APP exerts its actions remain to be elucidated. The available evidence suggests that APP interacts both intracellularly and extracellularly to regulate various signal transduction mechanisms.

Keywords
Alzheimer's disease amyloid precursor protein growth factor heparin neurotrophic receptor
MeSH Terms
Alzheimer Disease/metabolism Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor/genetics,pharmacology,physiology Animals Cell Differentiation/physiology Cell Proliferation Humans Mice Neural Stem Cells/physiology Promoter Regions, Genetic/genetics
Chemicals
Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor
Authors & Affiliations
2 authors, click to expand affiliations / ORCID
Dawkins Edgar
Menzies Research Institute Tasmania, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia.
Small David H
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Article Info
Journal
Journal of neurochemistry
Abbr.
J Neurochem
ISSN
1471-4159
DOI
10.1111/jnc.12675
Published
2014-06-00
Epub
2014-00-07
Pages
756-69
Language
English
Region
England
NLM ID
2985190R
PMCID
PMC4314671
Subset
IM
External Links
PubMed source DOI: 10.1111/jnc.12675 PMC Full Text View journal details
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