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PMID: 24614317 Published · ppublish English Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Review

Transcriptional enhancers: from properties to genome-wide predictions.

Nature reviews. Genetics ·Vol. 15 ·No. 4 ·2014-04-00 ·Pages 272-86

Shlyueva D, Stampfel G, Stark A

Abstract

Cellular development, morphology and function are governed by precise patterns of gene expression. These are established by the coordinated action of genomic regulatory elements known as enhancers or cis-regulatory modules. More than 30 years after the initial discovery of enhancers, many of their properties have been elucidated; however, despite major efforts, we only have an incomplete picture of enhancers in animal genomes. In this Review, we discuss how properties of enhancer sequences and chromatin are used to predict enhancers in genome-wide studies. We also cover recently developed high-throughput methods that allow the direct testing and identification of enhancers on the basis of their activity. Finally, we discuss recent technological advances and current challenges in the field of regulatory genomics.

MeSH Terms
Animals Binding Sites Chromatin/genetics,metabolism Enhancer Elements, Genetic/physiology Epigenesis, Genetic Genome Genome-Wide Association Study Humans Transcription Factors/metabolism Transcription, Genetic
Chemicals
Chromatin Transcription Factors
Authors & Affiliations
3 authors, click to expand affiliations / ORCID
Shlyueva Daria
1] Research Institute of Molecular Pathology (IMP), 1030 Vienna, Austria. [2].
Stampfel Gerald
1] Research Institute of Molecular Pathology (IMP), 1030 Vienna, Austria. [2].
Stark Alexander
Research Institute of Molecular Pathology (IMP), 1030 Vienna, Austria.
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Article Info
Journal
Nature reviews. Genetics
Abbr.
Nat Rev Genet
ISSN
1471-0064
DOI
10.1038/nrg3682
Published
2014-04-00
Epub
2014-00-11
Pages
272-86
Language
English
Region
England
NLM ID
100962779
Subset
IM
External Links
PubMed source DOI: 10.1038/nrg3682 View journal details
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