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PMID: 11528005 Published · ppublish English Journal Article Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. Review

Polar flagellar motility of the Vibrionaceae.

Microbiology and molecular biology reviews : MMBR ·Vol. 65 ·No. 3 ·2001-09-00 ·Pages 445-62, table of contents

McCarter LL

Abstract

Polar flagella of Vibrio species can rotate at speeds as high as 100,000 rpm and effectively propel the bacteria in liquid as fast as 60 microm/s. The sodium motive force powers rotation of the filament, which acts as a propeller. The filament is complex, composed of multiple subunits, and sheathed by an extension of the cell outer membrane. The regulatory circuitry controlling expression of the polar flagellar genes of members of the Vibrionaceae is different from the peritrichous system of enteric bacteria or the polar system of Caulobacter crescentus. The scheme of gene control is also pertinent to other members of the gamma purple bacteria, in particular to Pseudomonas species. This review uses the framework of the polar flagellar system of Vibrio parahaemolyticus to provide a synthesis of what is known about polar motility systems of the Vibrionaceae. In addition to its propulsive role, the single polar flagellum of V. parahaemolyticus is believed to act as a tactile sensor controlling surface-induced gene expression. Under conditions that impede rotation of the polar flagellum, an alternate, lateral flagellar motility system is induced that enables movement through viscous environments and over surfaces. Although the dual flagellar systems possess no shared structural components and although distinct type III secretion systems direct the simultaneous placement and assembly of polar and lateral organelles, movement is coordinated by shared chemotaxis machinery.

MeSH Terms
Chemotaxis/genetics Flagella/genetics,metabolism,physiology Flagellin/genetics Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial Genes, Bacterial Microscopy, Electron Vibrionaceae/genetics,metabolism,physiology
Chemicals
Flagellin
Authors & Affiliations
1 authors, click to expand affiliations / ORCID
McCarter L L
Department of Microbiology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA. [email protected]
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Article Info
Journal
Microbiology and molecular biology reviews : MMBR
Abbr.
Microbiol Mol Biol Rev
ISSN
1092-2172
DOI
10.1128/MMBR.65.3.445-462.2001
Email
[email protected]
Published
2001-09-00
Pages
445-62, table of contents
Language
English
Region
United States
NLM ID
9706653
PMCID
PMC99036
Subset
IM
Grants
NIGMS NIH HHS · GM43196 · United States
External Links
PubMed source DOI: 10.1128/MMBR.65.3.445-462.2001 PMC Full Text View journal details
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