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PMID: 18477586 Published · ppublish English Comparative Study Journal Article Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.

Effects of X-linkage and sex-biased gene expression on the rate of adaptive protein evolution in Drosophila.

Molecular biology and evolution ·Vol. 25 ·No. 8 ·2008-08-00 ·Pages 1639-50

Baines JF, Sawyer SA, Hartl DL, Parsch J

Abstract

Patterns of polymorphism and divergence in Drosophila protein-coding genes suggest that a considerable fraction of amino acid differences between species can be attributed to positive selection and that genes with sex-biased expression, that is, those expressed predominantly in one sex, have especially high rates of adaptive evolution. Previous studies, however, have been restricted to autosomal sex-biased genes and, thus, do not provide a complete picture of the evolutionary forces acting on sex-biased genes across the genome. To determine the effects of X-linkage on sex-biased gene evolution, we surveyed DNA sequence polymorphism and divergence in 45 X-linked genes, including 17 with male-biased expression, 13 with female-biased expression, and 15 with equal expression in the 2 sexes. Using both single- and multilocus tests for selection, we found evidence for adaptive evolution in both groups of sex-biased genes. The signal of adaptive evolution was particularly strong for X-linked male-biased genes. A comparison with data from 91 autosomal genes revealed a "fast-X" effect, in which the rate of adaptive evolution was greater for X-linked than for autosomal genes. This effect was strongest for male-biased genes but could be seen in the other groups as well. A genome-wide analysis of coding sequence divergence that accounted for sex-biased expression also uncovered a fast-X effect for male-biased and unbiased genes, suggesting that recessive beneficial mutations play an important role in adaptation.

MeSH Terms
Adaptation, Biological/genetics Animals Base Sequence Drosophila/genetics Drosophila Proteins/genetics,metabolism Evolution, Molecular Female Gene Expression Genes, X-Linked/genetics Male Molecular Sequence Data Polymorphism, Genetic Sequence Analysis, DNA Sex Factors
Chemicals
Drosophila Proteins
Authors & Affiliations
4 authors, click to expand affiliations / ORCID
Baines John F
Section of Evolutionary Biology, Department of Biology, University of Munich, 82152 Munich, Germany.
Sawyer Stanley A
Hartl Daniel L
Parsch John
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Article Info
Journal
Molecular biology and evolution
Abbr.
Mol Biol Evol
ISSN
1537-1719
DOI
10.1093/molbev/msn111
Published
2008-08-00
Epub
2008-00-13
Pages
1639-50
Language
English
Region
United States
NLM ID
8501455
PMCID
PMC2727381
Subset
IM
Grants
NIGMS NIH HHS · R01 GM061351 · United States
NIGMS NIH HHS · R01 GM068465 · United States
NIGMS NIH HHS · GM68465 · United States
NIGMS NIH HHS · GM61351 · United States
External Links
PubMed source DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msn111 PMC Full Text View journal details
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