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PMID: 18665337 Published · ppublish English Journal Article Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural Review

The paradoxical dynamism of marrow stem cells: considerations of stem cells, niches, and microvesicles.

Stem cell reviews ·Vol. 4 ·No. 3 ·2008-09-00 ·Pages 137-47

Quesenberry PJ, Aliotta JM

Abstract

Marrow stem cell regulation represents a complex and flexible system. It has been assumed that the system was intrinsically hierarchical in nature, but recent data has indicated that at the progenitor/stem cell level the system may represent a continuum with reversible alterations in phenotype occurring as the stem cells transit cell cycle. Short and long-term engraftment, in vivo and in vitro differentiation, gene expression, and progenitor numbers have all been found to vary reversibly with cell cycle. In essence, the stem cells appear to show variable potential, probably based on transcription factor access, as they proceed through cell cycle. Another critical component of the stem cell regulation is the microenvironment, so-called niches. We propose that there are not just several unique niche cells, but a wide variety of niche cells which continually change phenotype to appropriately interact with the continuum of stem cell phenotypes. A third component of the regulatory system is microvesicle transfer of genetic information between cells. We have shown that marrow cells can express the genetic phenotype of pulmonary epithelial cells after microvesicle transfer from lung to marrow cells. Similar transfers of tissue specific mRNA occur between liver, brain, and heart to marrow cells. Thus, there would appear to be a continuous genetic modulation of cells through microvesicle transfer between cells. We propose that there is an interactive triangulated Venn diagram with continuously changing stem cells interacting with continuously changing areas of influence, both being modulated by transfer of genetic information by microvesicles.

MeSH Terms
Animals Bone Marrow Cells/cytology,metabolism Cell Communication/genetics,physiology Cell Cycle/genetics,physiology Humans Mesenchymal Stem Cells/cytology,metabolism Models, Biological RNA, Messenger/genetics,metabolism Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
Chemicals
RNA, Messenger
Authors & Affiliations
2 authors, click to expand affiliations / ORCID
Quesenberry Peter J
Department of Medicine, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA. [email protected]
Aliotta Jason M
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Article Info
Journal
Stem cell reviews
Abbr.
Stem Cell Rev
ISSN
1558-6804
DOI
10.1007/s12015-008-9036-y
Email
[email protected]
Published
2008-09-00
Epub
2008-00-30
Pages
137-47
Language
English
Region
United States
NLM ID
101255952
PMCID
PMC4495665
Subset
IM
Grants
NHLBI NIH HHS · R01 HL073749 · United States
NHLBI NIH HHS · K08 HL086868 · United States
NCRR NIH HHS · P20 RR018757 · United States
NHLBI NIH HHS · R01 HL103726 · United States
NHLBI NIH HHS · R01HL073749 · United States
NHLBI NIH HHS · K08HL086868 · United States
NCRR NIH HHS · P20RR018757 · United States
NIDDK NIH HHS · R01DK061858 · United States
NIDDK NIH HHS · R01 DK061858 · United States
External Links
PubMed source DOI: 10.1007/s12015-008-9036-y PMC Full Text
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