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PMID: 19073763 Published · ppublish English Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.

Peroxisomal ATP import is essential for seedling development in Arabidopsis thaliana.

The Plant cell ·Vol. 20 ·No. 12 ·2008-12-00 ·Pages 3241-57

Linka N, Theodoulou FL, Haslam RP, Linka M, Napier JA, Neuhaus HE, Weber AP

Abstract

Several recent proteomic studies of plant peroxisomes indicate that the peroxisomal matrix harbors multiple ATP-dependent enzymes and chaperones. However, it is unknown whether plant peroxisomes are able to produce ATP by substrate-level phosphorylation or whether external ATP fuels the energy-dependent reactions within peroxisomes. The existence of transport proteins that supply plant peroxisomes with energy for fatty acid oxidation and other ATP-dependent processes has not previously been demonstrated. Here, we describe two Arabidopsis thaliana genes that encode peroxisomal adenine nucleotide carriers, PNC1 and PNC2. Both proteins, when fused to enhanced yellow fluorescent protein, are targeted to peroxisomes. Complementation of a yeast mutant deficient in peroxisomal ATP import and in vitro transport assays using recombinant transporter proteins revealed that PNC1 and PNC2 catalyze the counterexchange of ATP with ADP or AMP. Transgenic Arabidopsis lines repressing both PNC genes were generated using ethanol-inducible RNA interference. A detailed analysis of these plants showed that an impaired peroxisomal ATP import inhibits fatty acid breakdown during early seedling growth and other beta-oxidation reactions, such as auxin biosynthesis. We show conclusively that PNC1 and PNC2 are essential for supplying peroxisomes with ATP, indicating that no other ATP generating systems exist inside plant peroxisomes.

MeSH Terms
Adenosine Triphosphate/metabolism Amino Acid Sequence Arabidopsis/genetics,growth & development,metabolism Arabidopsis Proteins/chemistry,genetics,metabolism,physiology Biological Transport/genetics,physiology Genetic Complementation Test Lipid Metabolism/genetics Microscopy, Fluorescence Molecular Sequence Data Peroxisomes/metabolism Plants, Genetically Modified/genetics,growth & development,metabolism Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction Seedlings/genetics,growth & development,metabolism Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
Chemicals
Arabidopsis Proteins Adenosine Triphosphate
Authors & Affiliations
7 authors, click to expand affiliations / ORCID
Linka Nicole
Institut für Biochemie der Pflanzen, Heinrich-Heine Universität Düsseldorf, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany. [email protected]
Theodoulou Frederica L
Haslam Richard P
Linka Marc
Napier Jonathan A
Neuhaus H Ekkehard
Weber Andreas P M
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Article Info
Journal
The Plant cell
Abbr.
Plant Cell
ISSN
1040-4651
DOI
10.1105/tpc.108.062042
Email
[email protected]
Published
2008-12-00
Epub
2008-00-10
Pages
3241-57
Language
English
Region
England
NLM ID
9208688
PMCID
PMC2630453
Subset
IM
Grants
Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council · BBS/E/C/00004813 · United Kingdom
Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council · BBS/E/C/00004948 · United Kingdom
External Links
PubMed source DOI: 10.1105/tpc.108.062042 PMC Full Text View journal details
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