Home LiteratureArticle Details
PMID: 3046931 Published · ppublish English Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

The mouse protein synthesis initiation factor 4A gene family includes two related functional genes which are differentially expressed.

The EMBO journal ·Vol. 7 ·No. 7 ·1988-07-00 ·Pages 2097-105

Nielsen PJ, Trachsel H

Abstract

We have cloned and characterized a family of mouse genomic sequences hybridizing to mouse cDNA probes coding for eIF-4A, one of the protein synthesis initiation factors involved in the binding of mRNA to the ribosome. We estimate that there is a total of approximately 9-13 eIF-4A pseudogenes. We also found an eIF-4A intronless retroposon which, when compared to the cDNA, contains a single nucleotide difference. This possibly functional gene contains a mouse repetitive B1 element integrated in the promoter region. Furthermore, we have cloned two intron-containing eIF-4A genes (termed eIF-4AI and eIF-4AII). The eIF-4AII gene codes for a previously unknown form of eIF-4A. Northern blot hybridization with RNA from several mouse organs shows a variation in eIF-4AI expression within a factor of 7. In contrast, relative to liver, eIF-4AII expression is 20- to 30-times higher in brain and kidney, 10- to 17-fold higher in lung and heart, and is about equally abundant in liver, spleen and thymus. These data suggest that the relative efficiency of protein synthesis initiation for different mRNAs, as reflected by discrimination in messenger 5'-terminal cap recognition and binding to ribosomes, varies in different tissues.

MeSH Terms
Amino Acid Sequence Animals Base Sequence Cloning, Molecular DNA/genetics Escherichia coli/genetics Eukaryotic Initiation Factor-4A Genes Macromolecular Substances Mice Molecular Sequence Data Nucleic Acid Hybridization Peptide Initiation Factors/genetics Plasmids Pseudogenes Transcription, Genetic
Chemicals
Macromolecular Substances Peptide Initiation Factors DNA Eukaryotic Initiation Factor-4A
Authors & Affiliations
2 authors, click to expand affiliations / ORCID
Nielsen P J
Max-Planck-Institut für Immunbiologie, Freiburg, FRG.
Trachsel H
References (40)
40 references, click to expand
  1. Filamentous coliphage M13 as a cloning vehicle: insertion of a HindII fragment of the lac regulatory region in M13 replicative form in vitro.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1977 Sep;74(9):3642-6 PMID: 333444
  2. Reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatographic system for the rapid, automated purification of oligonucleotides.
    J Chromatogr. 1987 Jul 31;402:381-6 PMID: 3654875
  3. The structure and evolution of the two nonallelic rat preproinsulin genes.
    Cell. 1979 Oct;18(2):545-58 PMID: 498284
  4. Influence of mRNA secondary structure on binding and migration of 40S ribosomal subunits.
    Cell. 1980 Jan;19(1):79-90 PMID: 7357609
  5. Novel bacteriophage lambda cloning vector.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1980 Sep;77(9):5172-6 PMID: 6254062
  6. Transcriptional control regions of the adenovirus VAI RNA gene.
    Cell. 1980 Nov;22(2 Pt 2):405-13 PMID: 7448868
  7. Initiation of reovirus transcription by inosine 5'-triphosphate and properties of 7-methylinosine-capped, inosine-substituted messenger ribonucleic acids.
    Biochemistry. 1980 Dec 23;19(26):5960-6 PMID: 7470442
  8. ATP/Mg++-dependent cross-linking of cap binding proteins to the 5' end of eukaryotic mRNA.
    Nucleic Acids Res. 1981 Apr 10;9(7):1643-56 PMID: 7232223
  9. Two forms of purified m7G-cap binding protein with different effects on capped mRNA translation in extracts of uninfected and poliovirus-infected HeLa cells.
    J Biol Chem. 1981 Aug 10;256(15):7691-4 PMID: 6267020
  10. Characterization of eukaryotic initiation factor 4A, a protein involved in ATP-dependent binding of globin mRNA.
    J Biol Chem. 1982 May 10;257(9):5246-52 PMID: 7068683
  11. Initiation factors in protein biosynthesis.
    Annu Rev Biochem. 1982;51:869-900 PMID: 7051967
  12. Human metallothionein genes--primary structure of the metallothionein-II gene and a related processed gene.
    Nature. 1982 Oct 28;299(5886):797-802 PMID: 7133118
  13. Intronless human dihydrofolate reductase genes are derived from processed RNA molecules.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1982 Dec;79(23):7435-9 PMID: 6961421
  14. Role of mRNA competition in regulating translation: further characterization of mRNA discriminatory initiation factors.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1983 Feb;80(3):663-7 PMID: 6572361
  15. Unusual requirements for optimum translation of polio viral RNA in vitro.
    J Biol Chem. 1983 Jun 10;258(11):7195-9 PMID: 6304083
  16. Identification and quantitation of levels of protein synthesis initiation factors in crude HeLa cell lysates by two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.
    J Biol Chem. 1983 Jun 10;258(11):7228-35 PMID: 6853516
  17. New initiation factor activity required for globin mRNA translation.
    J Biol Chem. 1983 May 10;258(9):5804-10 PMID: 6853548
  18. Comparison of initiation of protein synthesis in procaryotes, eucaryotes, and organelles.
    Microbiol Rev. 1983 Mar;47(1):1-45 PMID: 6343825
  19. Buffer gradient gels and 35S label as an aid to rapid DNA sequence determination.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1983 Jul;80(13):3963-5 PMID: 6575390
  20. Involvement of eukaryotic initiation factor 4A in the cap recognition process.
    J Biol Chem. 1983 Sep 25;258(18):11398-403 PMID: 6604056
  21. Tissue-specific expression of a chicken calmodulin pseudogene lacking intervening sequences.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1983 Nov;80(21):6485-9 PMID: 6579534
  22. Eukaryotic initiation factor 4A is the component that interacts with ATP in protein chain initiation.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1983 Nov;80(21):6562-5 PMID: 6579543
  23. Yeast RNA polymerase II genes: isolation with antibody probes.
    Science. 1983 Nov 18;222(4625):778-82 PMID: 6356359
  24. The gene family encoding the mouse ribosomal protein L32 contains a uniquely expressed intron-containing gene and an unmutated processed gene.
    Cell. 1984 Jun;37(2):457-68 PMID: 6327068
  25. "A technique for radiolabeling DNA restriction endonuclease fragments to high specific activity". Addendum.
    Anal Biochem. 1984 Feb;137(1):266-7 PMID: 6329026
  26. Distantly related sequences in the alpha- and beta-subunits of ATP synthase, myosin, kinases and other ATP-requiring enzymes and a common nucleotide binding fold.
    EMBO J. 1982;1(8):945-51 PMID: 6329717
  27. RNA-stimulated ATPase activity of eukaryotic initiation factors.
    J Biol Chem. 1984 Jul 10;259(13):8648-54 PMID: 6145716
  28. Unidirectional digestion with exonuclease III creates targeted breakpoints for DNA sequencing.
    Gene. 1984 Jun;28(3):351-9 PMID: 6235151
  29. Preferential stimulation of rabbit alpha globin mRNA translation by a cap-binding protein complex.
    Biochim Biophys Acta. 1984 Nov 22;783(2):122-9 PMID: 6498199
  30. Multiple specific contacts between a mammalian transcription factor and its cognate promoters.
    Nature. 1984 Nov 29-Dec 5;312(5993):409-13 PMID: 6095100
  31. Processed pseudogenes for rat cytochrome c are preferentially derived from one of three alternate mRNAs.
    Mol Cell Biol. 1984 Nov;4(11):2279-88 PMID: 6096691
  32. Immunological detection of the messenger RNA cap-binding protein.
    J Biol Chem. 1985 Jul 5;260(13):7843-9 PMID: 3891747
  33. Eukaryotic protein synthesis.
    Annu Rev Biochem. 1985;54:1109-49 PMID: 3896117
  34. Cloning of eukaryotic protein synthesis initiation factor genes: isolation and characterization of cDNA clones encoding factor eIF-4A.
    Nucleic Acids Res. 1985 Oct 11;13(19):6867-80 PMID: 3840589
  35. Regulated phosphorylation and low abundance of HeLa cell initiation factor eIF-4F suggest a role in translational control. Heat shock effects on eIF-4F.
    J Biol Chem. 1987 Jan 5;262(1):380-8 PMID: 3793730
  36. The ATP-dependent interaction of eukaryotic initiation factors with mRNA.
    J Biol Chem. 1987 Mar 15;262(8):3826-32 PMID: 2950099
  37. Human testis-specific PGK gene lacks introns and possesses characteristics of a processed gene.
    Nature. 1987 Apr 2-8;326(6112):501-5 PMID: 3453121
  38. Molecular analysis of elements inserted into mouse gamma-actin processed pseudogenes.
    Nucleic Acids Res. 1987 Apr 24;15(8):3291-304 PMID: 3106929
  39. Rat ribosomal protein L35a multigene family: molecular structure and characterization of three L35a-related pseudogenes.
    Biochim Biophys Acta. 1987 Jul 14;909(2):99-106 PMID: 3593732
  40. DNA sequencing with chain-terminating inhibitors.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1977 Dec;74(12):5463-7 PMID: 271968
Article Info
Journal
The EMBO journal
Abbr.
EMBO J
ISSN
0261-4189
Published
1988-07-00
Pages
2097-105
Language
English
Region
England
NLM ID
8208664
PMCID
PMC454497
Subset
IM
External Links
PubMed source PMC Full Text View journal details
Analysis Services
Analysis Services

Contact

No. 2 Wenbo Road, Zhangqiu District, Jinan, Shandong

Qilu Normal University · Genelibs Bioinformatics Lab

750 Shunhua Rd, Jinan

2F, Bldg F, University Science Park

Tel: 0531-88819269

WeChat Official Account

Follow our WeChat subscription account for real-time updates and the latest in medical and biological research.


Business Email

E-mail: [email protected]

Copyright © 2026.Genelibs Jinan Honghui Biotechnology Co., Ltd. 鲁ICP备20007159号-2