Home LiteratureArticle Details
PMID: 379576 Published · ppublish English Journal Article Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. Review

The search for guanosine tetraphosphate (ppGpp) and other unusual nucleotides in eucaryotes.

Microbiological reviews ·Vol. 43 ·No. 1 ·1979-03-00 ·Pages 27-41

Silverman RH, Atherly AG

Abstract

暂无摘要

MeSH Terms
Adenine Nucleotides/metabolism Animals Cell Line Cells/metabolism Chlorophyta/metabolism Chloroplasts/metabolism DNA/biosynthesis Eukaryotic Cells/metabolism Fungi/metabolism Guanine Nucleotides/metabolism Guanosine Tetraphosphate/metabolism Mitochondria/metabolism Protein Biosynthesis RNA/biosynthesis
Chemicals
Adenine Nucleotides Guanine Nucleotides Guanosine Tetraphosphate RNA DNA
Authors & Affiliations
2 authors, click to expand affiliations / ORCID
Silverman R H
Atherly A G
References (108)
108 references, click to expand
  1. THE ISOLATION OF GUANOSINE TETRAPHOSPHATE FROM COMMERCIALLY AVAILABLE PREPARATIONS OF GUANOSINE TRIPHOSPHATE.
    J Biol Chem. 1965 Mar;240:1244-6 PMID: 14284732
  2. The occurrence of P1, P4-diguanosine 5'-tetraphosphate in brine shrimp eggs.
    J Biol Chem. 1963 Jan;238:344-8 PMID: 13945193
  3. Adenosine pentaphosphate from commercial ATP.
    Biochim Biophys Acta. 1955 Mar;16(3):436 PMID: 14378178
  4. A new adenine nucleotide.
    Biochim Biophys Acta. 1954 Feb;13(2):278-81 PMID: 13140325
  5. A new adenine nucleotide.
    Biochim Biophys Acta. 1953 Nov;12(3):492 PMID: 13115466
  6. The diguanosine nucleotides: do they exist in aquatic fungi?
    Can J Biochem. 1977 Aug;55(8):841-6 PMID: 890578
  7. Isolation of two interferon-induced translational inhibitors: a protein kinase and an oligo-isoadenylate synthetase.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1978 Oct;75(10):4734-8 PMID: 283387
  8. Synthesis of an oligonucleotide inhibitor of protein synthesis in rabbit reticulocyte lysates analogous to that formed in extracts from interferon-treated cells.
    Eur J Biochem. 1978 Mar;84(1):149-59 PMID: 206430
  9. Dual action of double-stranded RNA inhibiting protein synthesis in extracts of interferon-treated mouse L cells. Translation is impaired at the level of initiation and by mRNA degradation.
    Eur J Biochem. 1978 May 16;86(2):497-509 PMID: 207529
  10. Oligonucleotide inhibitor of protein synthesis made in extracts of interferon-treated chick embryo cells: comparison with the mouse low molecular weight inhibitor.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1978 Mar;75(3):1167-71 PMID: 274708
  11. pppA2'p5'A2'p5'A: an inhibitor of protein synthesis synthesized with an enzyme fraction from interferon-treated cells.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1978 Jan;75(1):256-60 PMID: 272640
  12. Nature of inhibitor of cell-free protein synthesis formed in response to interferon and double-stranded RNA.
    Nature. 1977 Aug 11;268(5620):540-2 PMID: 196217
  13. Synthesis of low molecular weight inhibitor of protein synthesis with enzyme from interferon-treated cells.
    Nature. 1977 Aug 11;268(5620):537-40 PMID: 560630
  14. DNA-dependent in vitro synthesis of fibosomal proteins, protein elongation factors, and RNA polymerase subunit alpha: inhibition by ppGpp.
    Cell. 1976 Nov;9(3):439-48 PMID: 991274
  15. 5'-Terminal structure and mRNA stability.
    Nature. 1977 Mar 17;266(5599):235-9 PMID: 557727
  16. Interferon-mediated protein kinase and low-molecular-weight inhibitor of protein synthesis.
    Nature. 1976 Dec 2;264(5585):477-80 PMID: 1004583
  17. Inhibition of E. coli DNA dependent RNA polymerase by novel nucleotides, DSI and DSII.
    Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1976 Oct 4;72(3):1056-62 PMID: 791286
  18. The presence of guanosine 5'-diphospho-5'-guanosine and guanosine 5'-triphospho-5'-adenosine in brine shrimp embryos.
    J Biol Chem. 1978 Jul 25;253(14):4960-5 PMID: 670172
  19. Inhibitor of ribosomal RNA synthesis in Xenopus laevis embryos. VI. Occurrence in mature oocytes and unfertilized eggs.
    Dev Biol. 1977 May;57(1):210-4 PMID: 863107
  20. Eukaryotic ribosomal proteins stimulate Escherichia coli stringent factor to synthesize guanosine 5'-diphosphate, 3'-diphosphate (ppGpp) and guanosine 5'-triphosphate, 3'-diphosphate (ppGpp).
    Mol Gen Genet. 1978 Nov 9;166(3):291-7 PMID: 216901
  21. Interferon action may be mediated by activation of a nuclease by pppA2'p5'A2'p5'A.
    Nature. 1978 Jun 22;273(5664):684-7 PMID: 208001
  22. Antiviral activity of interferons.
    Bacteriol Rev. 1977 Sep;41(3):543-67 PMID: 199154
  23. Guanosine tetra- and pentaphosphate synthesis by bacterial stringent factor and eukaryotic ribosomes.
    Nature. 1977 May 26;267(5609):371-3 PMID: 194166
  24. Purification and properties of guanosine 5', 3'-polyphosphate synthetase from Bacillus brevis.
    Biochemistry. 1976 Oct 5;15(20):4399-403 PMID: 184817
  25. Studies on the control of development. Synthesis of two highly phosphorylated nucleotides depends on changes in the composition of ribosomes at the beginning of sporulation in Bacillus subtilis.
    Eur J Biochem. 1978 Apr 17;85(2):517-28 PMID: 417920
  26. Studies on the control of development: isolation of Bacillus subtilis mutants blocked early in sporulation and defective in synthesis of highly phosphorylated nucleotides.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1977 Mar;74(3):1125-9 PMID: 403525
  27. The presence and absence of magic spot nucleotide modulation in cyanobacteria undergoing nutritional shift-down.
    FEBS Lett. 1977 Sep 1;81(1):48-52 PMID: 409622
  28. Unusual effects of 5a,6-anhydrotetracycline and other tetracyclines. Inhibition of guanosine 5'-diphosphate 3'-diphosphate metabolism, RNA accumulation and other growth-related processes in Escherichia coli.
    Biochim Biophys Acta. 1978 Apr 27;518(2):267-76 PMID: 350279
  29. Inhibition of mammalian ribonucleotide reductase by a dinucleotide produced in eucaryotic cells.
    J Cell Physiol. 1977 Dec;93(3):345-52 PMID: 338619
  30. Questioning of reported evidence for guanosine tetraphosphate synthesis in a ribosome system from mouse embryos.
    Cell. 1977 Dec;12(4):1127-31 PMID: 340046
  31. mRNA-dependent in vitro synthesis of ribosomal proteins L12 and L10 and elongation factor Tu.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1977 Dec;74(12):5387-91 PMID: 341155
  32. Synthesis of guanosine tetraphosphate (magic spot I) in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
    Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1977 Jan 10;74(1):314-22 PMID: 319793
  33. Noncoordinated transcription in the absence of protein synthesis in yeast.
    J Biol Chem. 1977 Feb 25;252(4):1344-9 PMID: 320206
  34. Mouse embryos fail to synthesize detectable quantities of guanosine 5'-diphosphate 3'-diphosphate.
    Dev Biol. 1977 Mar;56(1):200-5 PMID: 320067
  35. Interaction of alleles of the relA, relC and spoT genes in Escherichia coli: analysis of the interconversion of GTP, ppGpp and pppGpp.
    Mol Gen Genet. 1977 Jan 7;150(1):87-101 PMID: 319345
  36. Interferon action: two distinct pathways for inhibition of protein synthesis by double-stranded RNA.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1978 Dec;75(12):5893-7 PMID: 282611
  37. Diadenosine 5',5'''-P1,P4-tetraphosphate triggers initiation of in vitro DNA replication in baby hamster kidney cells.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1978 Jan;75(1):371-5 PMID: 272652
  38. Inhibition of protein synthesis by 2'-5' linked adenine oligonucleotides in intact cells.
    Nature. 1978 Nov 2;276(5683):88-90 PMID: 740027
  39. Synthesis of ppGpp and chloroplast ribosomal RNA in Chlamydomonas reinhardi.
    Biochim Biophys Acta. 1978 Jan 26;517(1):115-24 PMID: 623752
  40. Possible regulation of macromolecular biosynthesis in mammalian cells by a novel dinucleoside polyphosphate (HS3) produced during step-down growth conditions.
    J Cell Physiol. 1977 Dec;93(3):353-62 PMID: 591567
  41. Genetical and biochemical evidence that a novel dinucleoside polyphosphate coordinates salvage and de novo nucleotide biosynthetic pathways in mammalian cells.
    Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1977 Jan 10;74(1):256-64 PMID: 836283
  42. Presence of diadenosine 5',5''' -P1, P4-tetraphosphate (Ap4A) in mamalian cells in levels varying widely with proliferative activity of the tissue: a possible positive "pleiotypic activator".
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1976 Nov;73(11):3984-8 PMID: 1069282
  43. Capping of eucaryotic mRNAs.
    Cell. 1976 Dec;9(4 PT 2):645-53 PMID: 1017010
  44. Guanosine monophosphate reductase from Artemia salina: Inhibition by xanthosine monophosphate and activation by diguanosine tetraphosphate.
    Biochemistry. 1976 Nov 16;15(23):4962-6 PMID: 990256
  45. Absence of ppGpp production in synchronised Balb/C mouse 3T3 cells on isoleucine starvation.
    FEBS Lett. 1976 Oct 1;68(2):187-90 PMID: 976473
  46. Enzymatic synthesis of diadenosine tetraphosphate and diadenosine triphosphate with a purified lysyl-sRNA synthetase.
    Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1966 Jul 6;24(1):91-7 PMID: 5338216
  47. Studies on the occurrence and biosynthesis of adenosine tetraphosphate.
    Biochemistry. 1966 Jan;5(1):26-33 PMID: 5938943
  48. Diguanosinetetraphosphate guanylohydrolase in Artemia salina.
    Biochim Biophys Acta. 1974 Jul 17;358(1):117-25 PMID: 4368591
  49. Nonribosomal synthesis of guanosine 5',3'-polyphosphates by the ribosomal wash of stringent Escherichia coli.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1973 Jul;70(7):2145-8 PMID: 4579015
  50. "Pleiotypic response".
    Nat New Biol. 1971 Aug;232(33):206-11 PMID: 5285753
  51. GMP reductase in Artemia salina.
    Biochim Biophys Acta. 1974 Mar 21;341(1):178-86 PMID: 4151342
  52. Biosynthesis of the diguanosine nucleotides. II. Mechanism of action of GTP:GTP guanylyltransferase on nucleotide metabolism in brine shrimp embryos.
    Can J Biochem. 1974 Mar;52(3):241-51 PMID: 4364136
  53. Regulation of fungal ribonucleotide reductase by unusual dinucleotides.
    Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1976 Jul 12;71(1):128-35 PMID: 786282
  54. Genetic control of development of the cellular slime mold, Dictyostelium discoideum.
    Annu Rev Genet. 1975;9:145-85 PMID: 174486
  55. The pleiotypic response in mammalian cells: search for an intracellular mediator.
    Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1972 Sep 26;48(6):1378-84 PMID: 4342710
  56. Phosphorylated guanosine derivatives of eukaryotes: regulation of DNA-dependent RNA polymerases I, II, and III in fungal development.
    Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1975 Sep 16;66(2):468-74 PMID: 1101887
  57. Diguanosine nucleotides of fungi that regulate RNA polymerases isolated and partially characterised.
    Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1975 Sep 16;66(2):460-7 PMID: 241338
  58. Formation of guanosine tetraphosphate (magic spot I) in homologous and heterologous systems.
    FEBS Lett. 1973 Aug 15;34(2):291-4 PMID: 4355915
  59. Isolation and characterization of dinucleoside tetra- and tri-phosphates formed in the presence of lysyl-sRNA synthetase.
    Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1966 Jul 6;24(1):98-105 PMID: 4290754
  60. Endogenous nucleotides of mitochondria participating in phosphate transfer reactions as studied with 32P labelled orthophosphate and ultramicro scale ion exchange chromatography.
    Biochem Z. 1965 Dec 31;343(4):433-51 PMID: 4290183
  61. Interactions of adenosine tetraphosphate with myosin and actomyosin.
    Eur J Biochem. 1967 Mar;1(1):29-32 PMID: 4293828
  62. Lack of accumulation of unusual guanosine nucleotides upon amino acid starvation of two eukaryotic organisms.
    Biochim Biophys Acta. 1973 Sep 28;324(1):184-7 PMID: 4270907
  63. Lack of guanosine tetraphosphate accumulation during inhibition of RNA synthesis in Neurospora crassa.
    Biochim Biophys Acta. 1973 Jun 23;312(2):435-9 PMID: 4269209
  64. Relationship of the first step in protein synthesis to ppGpp: formation of A(5')ppp(5')Gpp.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1975 Jul;72(7):2653-7 PMID: 170611
  65. Purification and properties of nucleoside tetraphosphate hydrolase from rabbit muscle.
    Biochemistry. 1966 Jan;5(1):14-26 PMID: 4287215
  66. Isolation, purification, and characterization of P1,P3-diguanosine 5'-triphosphate from brine shrimp eggs.
    Biochim Biophys Acta. 1965 Dec 9;108(4):525-30 PMID: 4286605
  67. Studies on the regulation of ribosomal RNA synthesis in sea urchin development.
    Dev Biol. 1976 Apr;49(2):311-20 PMID: 1269811
  68. The synthesis of MS 1 and MS 2 by Bacillus subtilis.
    Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1974 Jan;56(1):264-72 PMID: 4207288
  69. Biosynthesis of the diguanosine nucleotides. I. Purification and properties of an enzyme from yolk platelets of brine shrimp embryos.
    Can J Biochem. 1974 Mar;52(3):231-40 PMID: 4208243
  70. Synthesis of ppGpp by mouse embryonic ribosomes.
    Cell. 1974 Nov;3(3):249-53 PMID: 4611645
  71. Amino acid control of messenger ribonucleic acid synthesis in Bacillus subtilis.
    J Biol Chem. 1972 Apr 25;247(8):2289-94 PMID: 4623129
  72. A stringent factor activity associated with the 50 S ribosomal subunit of Bacillus stearothermophilus.
    FEBS Lett. 1974 Aug 30;44(3):270-3 PMID: 4606153
  73. Ribonucleotide reductase activity during the cell cycle of Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
    Arch Biochem Biophys. 1973 Sep;158(1):177-84 PMID: 4580840
  74. Ribosome specificity for the formation of guanosine polyphosphates.
    Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1974 Feb 4;56(3):611-6 PMID: 4597065
  75. Dependence of ribonucleic acid synthesis on continuous protein synthesis in yeast.
    J Bacteriol. 1972 Feb;109(2):773-9 PMID: 4550820
  76. Dinucleosidasetetraphosphatase in rat liver and Artemia salina.
    Biochim Biophys Acta. 1976 Jun 7;438(1):304-9 PMID: 181087
  77. The enzymic mechanism of guanosine 5',3'-polyphosphate synthesis.
    Prog Nucleic Acid Res Mol Biol. 1976;17:1-14 PMID: 180566
  78. [Role of protein synthesis in the formation of chloroplast ribosomes in Euglena].
    Biochimie. 1974;56(10):1357-64 PMID: 4467908
  79. Regulation of bacterial ppGpp and pppGpp.
    Annu Rev Microbiol. 1975;29:301-18 PMID: 170852
  80. Diguanosinetetraphosphatase from rat liver: Acitivity on diadenosine tetraphosphate and inhibition by adenosine tetraphosphate.
    Eur J Biochem. 1975 Jan 15;50(3):495-501 PMID: 163189
  81. An unusual pathway for the synthesis of adenosine triphosphate by the purine-requiring organism Artemia salina.
    J Biol Chem. 1974 May 10;249(9):2816-8 PMID: 4828320
  82. Effect of amino acid and serum deprivation on the regulation of RNA synthesis in cultured Chinese hamster ovary cells.
    Exp Cell Res. 1973 Nov;82(1):111-8 PMID: 4796172
  83. Variations in ppGpp levels in Rhodopseudomonas spheroides during adaptation to decreased light intensity.
    Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1973 Oct 15;54(4):1370-6 PMID: 4754715
  84. The effects of canavanine and of arginine starvation on macromolecular synthesis in Chlamydomonas reinhardi.
    J Gen Microbiol. 1972 Nov;73(2):239-50 PMID: 4647473
  85. Yolk platelets in brine shrimp embryos. Site of biosynthesis and storage of the diguanosine nucleotides.
    Exp Cell Res. 1972 Feb;70(2):365-75 PMID: 5062038
  86. Isolation, purification, and characterization of P1,P4-diguanosine 5'-tetraphosphate asymmetrical-pyrophosphohydrolase from brine shrimp eggs.
    Biochemistry. 1965 Aug;4(8):1568-75 PMID: 4955726
  87. The control of ribonucleic acid synthesis in Escherichia coli. IV. Relevance of unusual phosphorylated compounds from amino acid-starved stringent strains.
    J Biol Chem. 1969 Jun 25;244(12):3133-41 PMID: 4893338
  88. Inorganic polyphosphates in biology: structure, metabolism, and function.
    Bacteriol Rev. 1966 Dec;30(4):772-94 PMID: 5342521
  89. Two compounds implicated in the function of the RC gene of Escherichia coli.
    Nature. 1969 Mar 1;221(5183):838-41 PMID: 4885263
  90. Studies on the control of development. Correlation of initiucleotides in Bacillus subtilis.
    Eur J Biochem. 1976 Apr 15;64(1):205-13 PMID: 819260
  91. Novel nucleotides from E. coli isolated and partially characterized.
    Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1976 Jun 21;70(4):1210-8 PMID: 821487
  92. Studies on the in vitro synthesis of ppGpp and pppGpp.
    Biochim Biophys Acta. 1975 Jun 2;395(1):80-90 PMID: 806304
  93. RNA synthesis and the accumulation of guanine nucleotides during growth shift down in the blue-green alga Anacystis nidulans.
    Biochim Biophys Acta. 1975 Aug 6;402(1):41-50 PMID: 808240
  94. Nucleotide pools and regulation of ribonucleic acid synthesis in yeast.
    J Bacteriol. 1975 Feb;121(2):740-2 PMID: 1089641
  95. Effects of guanosine tetraphosphate on cell-free synthesis of Escherichia coli ribosomal RNA and other gene products.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1975 Aug;72(8):2881-5 PMID: 1103124
  96. Lack of accumulation of ppGpp in sea urchin embryos.
    Dev Biol. 1976 Feb;48(2):458-60 PMID: 767181
  97. A novel nucleotide implicated in the response of E. coli to energy source downshift.
    Cell. 1976 Jan;7(1):75-84 PMID: 779954
  98. Occurrence of pppApp-synthesizing activity in actinomycetes and isolation of purine nucleotide pyrophosphotransferase.
    Arch Microbiol. 1976 Mar 19;107(2):183-7 PMID: 1259517
  99. Inhibitor of ribosomal RNA synthesis in Xenopus laevis embryos. V. Inability of inhibitor to repress 5S RNA synthesis.
    Dev Biol. 1975 Dec;47(2):461-3 PMID: 1239394
  100. Inhibitor of ribosomal RNA synthesis in Xenopus laevis embryos. IV. The release of inhibitor from cultured cells.
    Dev Biol. 1975 Dec;47(2):303-9 PMID: 1239392
  101. In vitro synthesis of guanosine polyphosphates in rat liver mitochondrial preparations.
    FEBS Lett. 1975 Aug 1;56(1):179-83 PMID: 1157931
  102. Studies on the control of development synthesis of regulatory nucleotides, HPN and MS, in mammalian cells in tissue cultures.
    FEBS Lett. 1975 Apr 15;53(1):113-8 PMID: 1170093
  103. Amino acid deprivation of human cells: effects on RNA synthesis, RNA polymerase, and ribonucleoside phosphorylation.
    Biochim Biophys Acta. 1970 Feb 18;199(2):537-40 PMID: 5418390
  104. Studies on the biosynthesis and role of diguanosine tetraphosphate during growth and development of Artemia salina.
    Dev Biol. 1968 Sep;18(3):278-93 PMID: 5678376
  105. Evidence for the function of P-1, P-4-diguanosine 5'-tetraphosphate in the development of Artemia salina.
    J Biol Chem. 1967 Apr 25;242(8):1938-43 PMID: 6024782
  106. Nucleotide metabolism during brine shrimp embryogenesis.
    J Biol Chem. 1967 Apr 25;242(8):1933-7 PMID: 6024781
  107. Nucleotides in the encysted embryos of Daphnia magna.
    Biochemistry. 1966 May;5(5):1517-21 PMID: 5961275
  108. Studies of phosphorus metabolism by isolated nuclei. VII. Identification of polyphosphate as a product.
    J Biol Chem. 1965 Nov;240(11):4427-34 PMID: 5845843
Article Info
Journal
Microbiological reviews
Abbr.
Microbiol Rev
ISSN
0146-0749
Published
1979-03-00
Pages
27-41
Language
English
Region
United States
NLM ID
7806086
PMCID
PMC281460
Subset
IM
Analysis Services
Analysis Services

Contact

No. 2 Wenbo Road, Zhangqiu District, Jinan, Shandong

Qilu Normal University · Genelibs Bioinformatics Lab

750 Shunhua Rd, Jinan

2F, Bldg F, University Science Park

Tel: 0531-88819269

WeChat Official Account

Follow our WeChat subscription account for real-time updates and the latest in medical and biological research.


Business Email

E-mail: [email protected]