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PMID: 2475641 Published · ppublish English Comparative Study Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.

The L1 family of long interspersed repetitive DNA in rabbits: sequence, copy number, conserved open reading frames, and similarity to keratin.

Journal of molecular evolution ·Vol. 29 ·No. 1 ·1989-07-00 ·Pages 3-19

Demers GW, Matunis MJ, Hardison RC

Abstract

The L1 family of long interspersed repetitive DNA in the rabbit genome (L1Oc) has been studied by determining the sequence of the five L1 repeats in the rabbit beta-like globin gene cluster and by hybridization analysis of other L1 repeats in the genome. L1Oc repeats have a common 3' end that terminates in a poly A addition signal and an A-rich tract, but individual repeats have different 5' ends, indicating a polar truncation from the 5' end during their synthesis or propagation. As a result of the polar truncations, the 5' end of L1Oc is present in about 11,000 copies per haploid genome, whereas the 3' end is present in at least 66,000 copies per haploid genome. One type of L1Oc repeat has internal direct repeats of 78 bp in the 3' untranslated region, whereas other L1Oc repeats have only one copy of this sequence. The longest repeat sequenced, L1Oc5, is 6.5 kb long, and genomic blot-hybridization data using probes from the 5' end of L1Oc5 indicate that a full length L1Oc repeat is about 7.5 kb long, extending about 1 kb 5' to the sequenced region. The L1Oc5 sequence has long open reading frames (ORFs) that correspond to ORF-1 and ORF-2 described in the mouse L1 sequence. In contrast to the overlapping reading frames seen for mouse L1, ORF-1 and ORF-2 are in the same reading frame in rabbit and human L1s, resulting in a discistronic structure. The region between the likely stop codon for ORF-1 and the proposed start codon for ORF-2 is not conserved in interspecies comparisons, which is further evidence that this short region does not encode part of a protein. ORF-1 appears to be a hybrid of sequences, of which the 3' half is unique to and conserved in mammalian L1 repeats. The 5' half of ORF-1 is not conserved between mammalian L1 repeats, but this segment of L1Oc is related significantly to type II cytoskeletal keratin.

MeSH Terms
Animals Base Sequence Blotting, Southern DNA DNA Transposable Elements Keratins Molecular Sequence Data Phylogeny Rabbits/genetics Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid
Chemicals
DNA Transposable Elements Keratins DNA
Authors & Affiliations
3 authors, click to expand affiliations / ORCID
Demers G W
Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park 16802.
Matunis M J
Hardison R C
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Article Info
Journal
Journal of molecular evolution
Abbr.
J Mol Evol
ISSN
0022-2844
DOI
10.1007/BF02106177
Published
1989-07-00
Pages
3-19
Language
English
Region
Germany
NLM ID
0360051
PMCID
PMC7087506
Subset
IM
Grants
NIADDK NIH HHS · AM31961 · United States
NIDDK NIH HHS · DK01589 · United States
NIDDK NIH HHS · DK27635 · United States
Databases
GENBANK
X15965, X15966, X15967, X15968, X15969
External Links
PubMed source DOI: 10.1007/BF02106177 PMC Full Text View journal details
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